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in comparison with those, are not. Whose architect and builder is God. Oh, what an encomium for that city! By faith also Sarah herself. He began here with a rebuke, lest they should appear more faint-hearted than a woman. But one might say: How was she who laughed faithful? Her laughter, then, was from unbelief, but her fear from faith; for to say, "I did not laugh," came from faith. Therefore, for this reason, when unbelief was emptied out, faith entered in. By faith also Sarah herself received strength for the foundation of seed, and bore a child when she was past the age. What is, "for the foundation of seed"? To retain the seed, to receive it, she who was deadened, she who was barren, received strength. For her disability was twofold: one from age, for she was truly old; and the other 63.163 from nature, for she was barren. Therefore, also from one man all were born, and him as good as dead, as the stars of heaven in multitude, and as the sand which is by the sea shore innumerable. Therefore, he says, also from one man all were born. He does not only say here that she gave birth, but that she also became the mother of as many as not even fruitful wombs; As the stars, he says. How then does he number them many times, although he said, "As the stars of heaven shall not be numbered, so neither shall your seed"? Either this is by way of hyperbole, or he said this because of those who are continually being born. For of one house it is possible to number the ancestors, such as, so-and-so the son of so-and-so, and so-and-so the son of so-and-so; but here, where the race is compared to the multitude of the stars, it is not possible. 3. Such are the announcements of God, so resourceful are His promises. But if the things which He promised as an addition are so wonderful, so paradoxical, so magnificent in their bounty, what will those things be, of which these are the addition, of which these are from abundance? What, then, is more blessed than those who attain them? What is more wretched than those who fail to attain them? For if someone cast out from his homeland is pitied by all, and having lost an inheritance seems pitiable to all; one who falls from heaven and from the good things laid up there, with how many tears ought he to be mourned? Or rather, not even to be mourned with tears; for one is mourned when he suffers something for which he himself is not the cause. But when from his own will he involves himself in wickedness, he is worthy not of tears, but of lamentations, or rather, even then, of mourning; since even our Lord Jesus Christ mourned and wept for Jerusalem, although it was impious. Truly we are worthy of countless wailings, countless lamentations. If the whole world were to receive a voice, and stones, and woods, and trees, and beasts, and birds, and fishes, and simply the whole world, if it were to receive a voice and bewail us who have fallen from those good things, it would not bewail or lament us as we deserve. For what word will be able to represent, what mind that blessedness, and that virtue, that pleasure, that glory, that gladness, that splendor; "What eye," he says, "has not seen, and ear has not heard, and has not entered into the heart of man, what God has prepared for those who love Him"? He did not say that it simply surpasses, but, "no one has ever conceived what God has prepared for those who love Him." For of what sort are those good things likely to be, of which God is the preparer and provider? For if, when He made us, straightway, with nothing previously done by us, He granted so many things—paradise, communion with Himself, He promised immortality, a blessed life free from cares; to those who have done and suffered so much, and have endured for His sake, what will He not grant? 63.164 He did not spare the Only-Begotten for our sake, He gave His own true Son to death for us; and if He deemed us, being enemies, worthy of such things, of what will He not deem us worthy when we have become friends? Of what will He not give a share, having reconciled us to Himself? And He is exceedingly rich, and He desires and earnestly strives without limit to obtain our friendship; but we do not strive even a fraction as much as He, beloved. Why do I say, we do not strive? We do not wish to obtain His good things as much as He Himself wishes. And that He wishes it more, He showed by what He did. For we, on our own behalf, with difficulty

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σύγκρισιν ἐκείνων οὐκ εἰσίν. Ἧς τεχνίτης καὶ δημιουργὸς ὁ Θεός. Βαβαὶ, οἷον τὸ ἐγκώμιον τῆς πόλεως ἐκείνης! Πίστει καὶ αὐτὴ Σάῤῥα. Ἐντρεπτικῶς ἐνταῦθα ἤρξατο, εἴ γε γυναικὸς ὀλιγοψυχότεροι φανεῖεν. Ἀλλ' εἴποι ἄν τις· Πῶς πιστὴ ἡ γελάσασα; Ὁ μὲν οὖν γέλως ἐξ ἀπιστίας, ὁ δὲ φόβος ἀπὸ πίστεως· τὸ γὰρ εἰπεῖν, Οὐκ ἐγέλασα, ἀπὸ πίστεως γέγονε. Τοιγαροῦν διὰ τοῦτο, κενωθείσης τῆς ἀπιστίας, ἐπεισῆλθεν ἡ πίστις. Πίστει καὶ αὐτὴ Σάῤῥα δύναμιν εἰς καταβολὴν σπέρματος ἔλαβε, καὶ παρὰ καιρὸν ἡλικίας ἔτεκε. Τί ἐστιν, Εἰς καταβολὴν σπέρματος; Εἰς τὸ κατασχεῖν τὸ σπέρμα, εἰς ὑποδοχὴν δύναμιν ἔλαβεν ἡ νενεκρωμένη, ἡ στεῖρα. ∆ιπλῆ γὰρ ἦν ἡ πήρωσις, ἡ μὲν ἀπὸ τοῦ χρόνου, γεγηρακυῖα γὰρ ἦν ὄντως· ἡ δὲ 63.163 ἀπὸ τῆς φύσεως, στεῖρα γὰρ ἦν. Ὅθεν, καὶ ἐξ ἑνὸς ἐγεννήθησαν οἱ πάντες, καὶ ταῦτα νενεκρωμένου, ὡς τὰ ἄστρα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τῷ πλήθει, καὶ ὡσεὶ ἄμμος ἡ παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης ἡ ἀναρίθμητος. Ὅθεν, φησὶ, καὶ ἐξ ἑνὸς ἐγεννήθησαν οἱ πάντες. Οὐ τοῦτο μόνον ἐνταῦθα λέγει, ὅτι ἐγέννησεν, ἀλλ' ὅτι καὶ τοσούτων ἐγένετο μήτηρ, ὅσων οὐδὲ αἱ εὔφοροι γαστέρες· Ὡς τὰ ἄστρα, φησί. Πῶς οὖν αὐτοὺς ἀριθμεῖ πολλάκις, καίτοι γε εἰπὼν, ὃν τρόπον οὐκ ἐξαριθμηθήσεται τὰ ἄστρα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, οὕτως οὐδὲ τὸ σπέρμα ὑμῶν; Ἤτοι καθ' ὑπερβολήν ἐστι τοῦτο, ἢ διὰ τοὺς ἀεὶ ἐπιγινομένους οὕτως εἶπε. Μιᾶς μὲν γὰρ οἰκίας δυνατὸν τοὺς προγόνους ἀριθμῆσαι, οἷον, ὁ δεῖνα τοῦ δεῖνος, καὶ ὁ δεῖνα τοῦ δεῖνος· ἐνταῦθα δὲ, ὧν τὸ γένος τῷ πλήθει τῶν ἄστρων παρεικάζεται, οὐκ ἔστι. γʹ. Τοιαῦται αἱ ἐπαγγελίαι τοῦ Θεοῦ, οὕτως εὐμήχανοι αὐτοῦ αἱ ὑποσχέσεις. Εἰ δὲ ἅπερ ἐν προσθήκης μέρει ὑπέσχετο, οὕτω θαυμαστὰ, οὕτω παράδοξα, οὕτω μεγαλόδωρα, τίνα ἔσται ἐκεῖνα, ὧν ταῦτα προσθήκη, ὧν ἐκ περιουσίας ταῦτα; Τί τοίνυν τῶν ἐπιτυγχανόντων μακαριώτερον; τί τῶν ἀποτυγχανόντων ἀθλιώτερον; Εἰ γὰρ πατρίδος τις ἐκβεβλημένος, ὑπὸ πάντων ἐλεεῖται, καὶ κληρονομίαν ἀπολέσας δοκεῖ παρὰ πᾶσιν ἐλεεινὸς εἶναι· ὁ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἐκπίπτων καὶ τῶν ἀποκειμένων ἀγαθῶν ἐκεῖ, πόσοις ὀφείλει δάκρυσι δακρύεσθαι; μᾶλλον δὲ οὐδὲ δακρύεσθαι· δακρύεται γάρ τις ὅταν τι πάθῃ. ὧν οὐκ αὐτός ἐστιν αἴτιος· ὅταν δὲ ἐξ οἰκείας γνώμης ἑαυτὸν περιπείρῃ τῇ κακίᾳ, οὐδὲ δακρύων, ἀλλὰ θρήνων ἐστὶν ἄξιος, μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ τότε πένθους· ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ Κύριος ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς τὴν Ἱερουσαλὴμ, καίτοι ἀσεβοῦσαν, ἐπένθησε καὶ ἐδάκρυσεν. Ὄντως μυρίων ὀδυρμῶν ἄξιοί ἐσμεν, μυρίων θρήνων. Ἐὰν πᾶσα ἡ οἰκουμένη λαβοῦσα φωνὴν, καὶ λίθοι, καὶ ξύλα, καὶ δένδρα, καὶ θηρία, καὶ ὄρνιθες, καὶ ἰχθύες, καὶ ἁπλῶς πᾶσα ἡ οἰκουμένη, ἐὰν λαβοῦσα φωνὴν ἡμᾶς ὀδύρηται τοὺς ἐκπεπτωκότας τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἐκείνων, οὐδὲν κατ' ἀξίαν ὀδυρεῖται οὐδὲ θρηνήσει. Ποῖος γὰρ λόγος παραστῆσαι δυνήσεται, ποῖος νοῦς ἐκείνην τὴν μακαριότητα, καὶ τὴν ἀρετὴν ἐκείνην, τὴν ἡδονὴν, τὴν δόξαν, τὴν εὐφροσύνην, τὴν λαμπρότητα· Ἃ ὀφθαλμὸς, φησὶν, οὐκ εἶδε, καὶ οὖς οὐκ ἤκουσε, καὶ ἐπὶ καρδίαν ἀνθρώπου οὐκ ἀνέβη, ἃ ἡτοίμασεν ὁ Θεὸς τοῖς ἀγαπῶσιν αὐτόν; Οὐκ εἶπεν ὅτι Ὑπερβαίνει ἁπλῶς, ἀλλ', οὐδὲ ἐνενόησέ ποτέ τις, ἃ ἡτοίμασεν ὁ Θεὸς τοῖς ἀγαπῶσιν αὐτόν. Ὧν γὰρ ἑτοιμαστὴς καὶ παρασκευαστὴς ὁ Θεὸς ἀγαθῶν, ποῖα εἰκὸς εἶναι ταῦτα; Εἰ γὰρ ποιήσας ἡμᾶς, εὐθέως, οὐδενὸς παρ' ἡμῶν προϋπηργμένου, τοσαῦτα ἐχαρίσατο, παράδεισον, ὁμιλίαν τὴν μετ' αὐτοῦ, ἀθανασίαν ὑπέσχετο, βίον μακάριον καὶ φροντίδων ἀπηλλαγμένον· τοῖς τοσαῦτα πεποιηκόσι καὶ ἠθληκόσι, καὶ ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ ὑπομείνασι, τί οὐ χαριεῖται; 63.164 Τοῦ Μονογενοῦς οὐκ ἐφείσατο δι' ἡμᾶς, τὸν Υἱὸν αὐτοῦ τὸν γνήσιον εἰς θάνατον ἔδωκε δι' ἡμᾶς· εἰ δὲ ἐχθροὺς ὄντας τοιούτων κατηξίωσε, τίνος οὐ καταξιώσει φίλους γενομένους; τίνος οὐ μεταδώσει καταλλάξας ἑαυτῷ; Καὶ πλούσιός ἐστι σφόδρα, καὶ ἀπείρως ἐπιθυμεῖ καὶ σπουδάζει τῆς ἡμετέρας φιλίας τυχεῖν· ἡμεῖς δὲ οὐδὲ τὸ πολλοστὸν ἐκείνου σπουδάζομεν, ἀγαπητοί· τί λέγω, οὐ σπουδάζομεν; οὐ θέλομεν οὕτω τυχεῖν αὐτοῦ τῶν ἀγαθῶν, ὡς αὐτὸς θέλει. Καὶ ὅτι πλέον ἐκεῖνος θέλει, δι' οὗ ἐποίησεν, ἔδειξεν. Ἡμεῖς μὲν γὰρ ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν αὐτῶν μόλις