118

to meet the Vandals. But Eulogius, on arriving in Sardinia, found Godas assuming the name and the guise of a king and appointing bodyguards. 3.10.34 When he had read the emperor’s letter, he said that he wished soldiers to come for an alliance, but that he had no great need of a commander. And having written to the emperor to this effect, he sent Eulogius away. 3.11.1 The emperor, not yet having heard these things, was preparing four hundred soldiers and Cyril as commander to help Godas guard the 3.11.2 island. And already along with these he had in preparation the expedition to Carthage, ten thousand infantry and five thousand cavalry, gathered from both soldiers and foederati. 3.11.3 Now previously among the foederati only barbarians were enrolled, those who had not come into the state on the basis of being slaves, since they had not been defeated by the Romans, but on equal and like 3.11.4 terms. For the Romans call treaties with the enemy foedera. But now it is not forbidden for anyone to assume this name, since time in no way sees fit to preserve the designations for which they were established, but as things are always changing, according to how men wish to direct them, they disregard what was previously named for them. 3.11.5 And the commanders of the foederati were Dorotheus, the general of the troops in Armenia, and Solomon, who was in charge of Belisarius’ generalship; (the Romans call this man a domesticus. 3.11.6 This Solomon was a eunuch, not having had his genitals cut off by the design of a man, but some accident decreed this for him while he was in swaddling clothes;) and Cyprian and Valerian and Martinus and Althias and John and Marcellus and Cyril, whom I mentioned before. 3.11.7 And of the cavalry soldiers, Rufinus and Aïgan, who were of Belisarius’ household, and Barbatus and Pappus; and of the infantry, Theodorus, whom they called Cteanus by surname, and Terentius and Zaïdus and Marcianus 3.11.8 and Sarapis. And a certain John from Epidamnus, which is now called Dyrrachium, was in command of all the leaders of the infantry. 3.11.9 Of all these, Solomon was an Easterner from the very frontier of the Romans, where the city of Daras is now situated, and Aïgan was 3.11.10 a Massagete by race, whom they now call Huns. And the rest, almost all of them, inhabited the regions of Thrace. 3.11.11 And there followed them four hundred Heruli, whom Pharas commanded, and about six hundred barbarian allies 3.11.12 from the nation of the Massagetae, all horse-archers; whose leaders were Sinnion and Balas, who had reached the height of manliness and endurance. 3.11.13 And the whole army had five hundred ships, and none of them was able to carry more than fifty thousand medimni, nor indeed less 3.11.14 than three thousand. And thirty thousand sailors sailed on all of them, mostly Egyptians and Ionians and Cilicians, and one commander over all the ships, Calonymus 3.11.15 of Alexandria, had been appointed. They also had long ships, prepared as for a naval battle, ninety-two of them, which were single-banked, however, and had roofs above, so that those rowing them would be least likely to be hit by the enemy. 3.11.16 Men of today call these ships dromons; for they are able to sail at the greatest speed. On these, then, two thousand Byzantines sailed, all of them rowers; for there was not a single supernumerary among them. 3.11.17 And Archelaus was also sent, a man of patrician rank, who had already been praetorian prefect both in Byzantium and in Illyricum, but was then appointed prefect of the army. For so the one who provides for the expense is named. 3.11.18 And the emperor sent Belisarius as general with full powers over everything, who was again in command of the eastern troops. 3.11.19 And many bodyguards and many shield-bearers followed him, men brave in warfare and truly experienced in the dangers pertaining to 3.11.20 these things. And the emperor wrote letters to him, to do everything in whatever way seemed best to him, and that these actions would be valid as if the emperor himself had carried them out. For the letters gave him the authority of the emperor 3.11.21

118

Βανδίλων ξυμβῆναι. Εὐλόγιος δὲ ἀφικόμενος εἰς Σαρδὼ εὕρισκε Γώδαν ὄνομά τε καὶ σχῆμα βασιλέως περιβαλλόμενον καὶ δορυφόρους προσποιησά3.10.34 μενον. ὃς ἐπειδὴ τὴν βασιλέως ἐπιστολὴν ἀνελέξατο, στρατιώτας μὲν ἔφη ἐς ξυμμαχίαν ἐλθεῖν βουλομένῳ εἶναι, ἄρχοντος δὲ οὐ πάνυ χρῄζειν. κατὰ ταῦτά τε πρὸς βασιλέα γράψας τὸν Εὐλόγιον ἀπεπέμψατο. 3.11.1 Ταῦτα βασιλεὺς οὔπω πεπυσμένος τετρακοσίους τε στρατιώτας καὶ ἄρχοντα Κύριλλον ὡς τὴν 3.11.2 νῆσον ξυμφυλάξοντας Γώδᾳ ἡτοίμαζεν. ἤδη δὲ ξὺν αὐτοῖς καὶ τὴν ἐς Καρχηδόνα στρατείαν ἐν παρασκευῇ εἶχε, πεζοὺς μὲν στρατιώτας μυρίους, ἱππέας δὲ πεντακισχιλίους, ἔκ τε στρατιωτῶν καὶ φοιδεράτων συνει3.11.3 λεγμένους. ἐν δὲ δὴ φοιδεράτοις πρότερον μὲν μόνοι βάρβαροι κατελέγοντο, ὅσοι οὐκ ἐπὶ τῷ δοῦλοι εἶναι, ἅτε μὴ πρὸς Ῥωμαίων ἡσσημένοι, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τῇ ἴσῃ καὶ 3.11.4 ὁμοίᾳ ἐς τὴν πολιτείαν ἀφίκοιντο. φοίδερα γὰρ τὰς πρὸς τοὺς πολεμίους σπονδὰς καλοῦσι Ῥωμαῖοι. τὸ δὲ νῦν ἅπασι τοῦ ὀνόματος τούτου ἐπιβατεύειν οὐκ ἐν κωλύμῃ ἐστὶ, τοῦ χρόνου τὰς προσηγορίας ἐφ' ὧν τέθεινται ἥκιστα ἀξιοῦντος τηρεῖν, ἀλλὰ τῶν πραγμάτων ἀεὶ περιφερομένων, ᾗ ταῦτα ἄγειν ἐθέλουσιν ἄνθρωποι, τῶν πρόσθεν αὐτοῖς ὠνομασμένων ὀλιγωροῦντες. 3.11.5 ἄρχοντες δὲ ἦσαν φοιδεράτων μὲν ∆ωρόθεός τε, ὁ τῶν ἐν Ἀρμενίοις καταλόγων στρατηγὸς, καὶ Σολόμων, ὃς τὴν Βελισαρίου ἐπετρόπευε στρατηγίαν· (δομέστι3.11.6 κον τοῦτον καλοῦσι Ῥωμαῖοι. ὁ δὲ Σολόμων οὗτος εὐνοῦχος μὲν ἦν, οὐκ ἐξ ἐπιβουλῆς δὲ ἀνθρώπου τὰ αἰδοῖα ἐτύγχανεν ἀποτμηθεὶς, ἀλλά τις αὐτῷ τύχη ἐν σπαργάνοις ὄντι τοῦτο ἐβράβευσε·) καὶ Κυπριανὸς καὶ Βαλεριανὸς καὶ Μαρτῖνος καὶ Ἀλθίας καὶ Ἰωάννηςκαὶ Μάρκελλος καὶ Κύριλλος, οὗ πρόσθεν ἐμνήσθην· 3.11.7 στρατιωτῶν δὲ ἱππέων μὲν Ῥουφῖνός τε καὶ Ἀιγὰν, ἐκ τῆς Βελισαρίου οἰκίας ὄντες, καὶ Βαρβᾶτος καὶ Πάππος, πεζῶν δὲ Θεόδωρος, ὅνπερ Κτεάνον ἐπίκλησιν ἐκάλουν, καὶ Τερέντιός τε καὶ Ζάϊδος καὶ Μαρκιανὸς 3.11.8 καὶ Σάραπις. Ἰωάννης δέ τις ἐξ Ἐπιδάμνου ὁρμώμενος, ἣ νῦν ∆υρράχιον καλεῖται, τοῖς τῶν πεζῶν 3.11.9 ἡγεμόσιν ἅπασιν ἐφειστήκει. τούτων ἁπάντων Σολόμων μὲν ἑῷος ἐτύγχανεν ὢν ἐκ τῆς Ῥωμαίων ἐσχατιᾶς αὐτῆς, οὗ νῦν πόλις οἰκεῖται ∆άρας, Ἀιγὰν δὲ ἦν 3.11.10 Μασσαγέτης γένος, οὓς νῦν Οὔννους καλοῦσιν. οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ σχεδόν τι ἅπαντες τὰ ἐπὶ τῆς Θρᾴκης χωρία 3.11.11 ᾤκουν. εἵποντο δὲ αὐτοῖς Ἔρουλοι τετρακόσιοι, ὧν Φάρας ἦρχε, καὶ ξύμμαχοι βάρβαροι ἑξακόσιοι μάλιστα 3.11.12 ἐκ τοῦ Μασσαγετῶν ἔθνους, ἱπποτοξόται πάντες· ὧν δὴ ἡγοῦντο Σιννίων τε καὶ Βάλας, ἀνδρίας τε καὶ καρτερίας 3.11.13 ἐς ἄκρον ἥκοντε. ναῦς δὲ ἡ σύμπασα στρατιὰ πεντακοσίας ἦγε, καὶ αὐτῶν οὐδεμία πλέον ἢ κατὰ μυριάδας πέντε μεδίμνων φέρειν οἵα τε ἦν, οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ ἔλασσον 3.11.14 ἢ κατὰ τρισχιλίους. ναῦται δὲ τρισμύριοι ἐπέπλεον ἁπάσαις, Αἰγύπτιοί τε καὶ Ἴωνες οἱ πλεῖστοι καὶ Κίλικες, ἀρχηγός τε εἷς ἐπὶ ταῖς ναυσὶν ἁπάσαις Κα3.11.15 λώνυμος Ἀλεξανδρεὺς ἀπεδέδεικτο. ἦσαν δὲ αὐτοῖς καὶ πλοῖα μακρὰ, ὡς ἐς ναυμαχίαν παρεσκευασμένα, ἐνενήκοντα δύο, μονήρη μέντοι καὶ ὀροφὰς ὕπερθεν ἔχοντα, ὅπως οἱ ταῦτα ἐρέσσοντες πρὸς τῶν πολεμίων 3.11.16 ἥκιστα βάλλοιντο. δρόμωνας καλοῦσι τὰ πλοῖα ταῦτα οἱ νῦν ἄνθρωποι· πλεῖν γὰρ κατὰ τάχος δύνανται μάλιστα. ἐν τούτοις δὴ Βυζάντιοι δισχίλιοι ἔπλεον, αὐτερέται πάντες· περίνεως γὰρ ἦν ἐν τούτοις οὐδείς. 3.11.17 ἐστέλλετο δὲ καὶ Ἀρχέλαος, ἀνὴρ ἐς πατρικίους τελῶν, ἤδη μὲν τῆς αὐλῆς ἔπαρχος ἔν τε Βυζαντίῳ καὶ Ἰλλυριοῖς γεγονὼς, τότε δὲ τοῦ στρατοπέδου καταστὰς ἔπαρχος. οὕτω γὰρ ὁ τῆς δαπάνης χορηγὸς ὀνομάζεται. 3.11.18 στρατηγὸν δὲ αὐτοκράτορα ἐφ' ἅπασι Βελισάριον βασιλεὺς ἔστελλεν, ὃς τῶν ἑῴων αὖθις καταλόγων ἦρχε. 3.11.19 καὶ αὐτῷ πολλοὶ μὲν δορυφόροι, πολλοὶ δὲ ὑπασπισταὶ εἵποντο, ἄνδρες τε ἀγαθοὶ τὰ πολέμια καὶ τῶν περὶ 3.11.20 ταῦτα κινδύνων ἀτεχνῶς ἔμπειροι. γράμματά τε αὐτῷ βασιλεὺς ἔγραφε, δρᾶν ἕκαστα ὅπη ἂν αὐτῷ δοκῇ ἄριστα ἔχειν, ταῦτά τε κύρια εἶναι ἅτε αὐτοῦ βασιλέως αὐτὰ διαπεπραγμένου. βασιλέως γὰρ αὐτῷ ῥοπὴν 3.11.21 τὰ γράμματα