Chapter XLIV.

Celsus in the next place says, with indescribable silliness:  “If, after inventing defences which are absurd, and by which ye were ridiculously deluded, ye imagine that you really make a good defence, what prevents you from regarding those other individuals who have been condemned, and have died a miserable death, as greater and more divine messengers of heaven (than Jesus)?”  Now, that manifestly and clearly there is no similarity between Jesus, who suffered what is described, and those who have died a wretched death on account of their sorcery, or whatever else be the charge against them, is patent to every one.  For no one can point to any acts of a sorcerer which turned away souls from the practice of the many sins which prevail among men, and from the flood of wickedness (in the world).244    τῆς κατὰ τὴν κακίαν χύσεως.  But since this Jew of Celsus compares Him to robbers, and says that “any similarly shameless fellow might be able to say regarding even a robber and murderer whom punishment had overtaken, that such an one was not a robber, but a god, because he predicted to his fellow-robbers that he would suffer such punishment as he actually did suffer,” it might, in the first place, be answered, that it is not because He predicted that He would suffer such things that we entertain those opinions regarding Jesus which lead us to have confidence in Him, as one who has come down to us from God.  And, in the second place, we assert that this very comparison245    καὶ ταῦτα. has been somehow foretold in the Gospels; since God was numbered with the transgressors by wicked men, who desired rather a “murderer” (one who for sedition and murder had been cast into prison) to be released unto them, and Jesus to be crucified, and who crucified Him between two robbers.  Jesus, indeed, is ever crucified with robbers among His genuine disciples and witnesses to the truth, and suffers the same condemnation which they do among men.  And we say, that if those persons have any resemblance to robbers, who on account of their piety towards God suffer all kinds of injury and death, that they may keep it pure and unstained, according to the teaching of Jesus, then it is clear also that Jesus, the author of such teaching, is with good reason compared by Celsus to the captain of a band of robbers.  But neither was He who died for the common good of mankind, nor they who suffered because of their religion, and alone of all men were persecuted because of what appeared to them the right way of honouring God, put to death in accordance with justice, nor was Jesus persecuted without the charge of impiety being incurred by His persecutors.

Ἑξῆς δὲ τούτοις οὐκ οἶδ' ὅπως σφόδρα εὔηθες λέγει ὅτι, εἴπερ ἀτόπους ἀπολογίας εὑρίσκοντες, ἐφ' οἷς καταγε λάστως ἐξηπατήθητε, οἴεσθε ἀληθῶς ἀπολογεῖσθαι, τί κωλύει καὶ ἄλλους, ὅσοι καταγνωσθέντες κακοδαιμονέστερον ἀπήλλαξαν, μείζονας νομίζειν εἶναι καὶ θειοτέρους τούτου ἀγγέλους; Ὅτι δ' ἄντικρυς καὶ σαφῶς οὐδὲν ὅμοιον ἔχει ὁ παθὼν τὰ ἀναγεγραμμένα Ἰησοῦς τοῖς κακοδαιμονέστερον ἀπαλλάξασι διὰ γοητείαν ἢ ὁτιδήποτε ἔγκλημα ἄλλο, παντί τῳ δῆλον. Οὐδὲ γὰρ δύναταί τις παραστῆσαι γοήτων ἔργον ἐπιστρέψαν ψυχὰς ἀπὸ τῶν πολλῶν ἐν ἀνθρώποις ἁμαρτημάτων καὶ τῆς κατὰ τὴν κακίαν χύσεως. Ἐπεὶ δὲ καὶ λῃσταῖς αὐτὸν παραβαλὼν ὁ παρὰ τῷ Κέλσῳ Ἰουδαῖός φησιν ὅτι δύναιτο ἄν τις ὁμοίως ἀναισχυντῶν καὶ περὶ λῃστοῦ καὶ ἀνδροφόνου κολασθέντος εἰπεῖν ὅτι οὗτός γε οὐχὶ λῃστὴς ἀλλὰ θεὸς ἦν· προεῖπε γὰρ τοῖς συλλῄσταις ὅτι πείσεται τοιαῦτα, οἷα δὴ πέπονθε· λέγοιτ' ἂν πρῶτον μὲν ὅτι οὐ παρὰ τὸ προειρηκέναι αὐτὸν ταῦτα πείσεσθαι τοιαῦτα ὑπολαμβάνομεν περὶ τοῦ Ἰησοῦ, ὁποῖα καὶ φρονοῦν τες παρρησιαζόμεθα ἐν αὐτῷ ὡς ἀπὸ θεοῦ ἡμῖν κατεληλυ θότι· δεύτερον δὲ καὶ ταῦτα λέγομεν ἐν τοῖς εὐαγγελίοις προειρῆσθαί πως, ἐπεὶ "μετὰ ἀνόμων ἐλογίσθη" ὁ Ἰησοῦς παρὰ τοῖς ἀνόμοις, λῃστὴν μᾶλλον τὸν "διὰ στάσιν" "καὶ φόνον" βληθέντα εἰς φυλακὴν βουλομένοις ἀπολυθῆναι τὸν δ' Ἰησοῦν σταυρῶσαι, καὶ σταυρώσασιν αὐτὸν μεταξὺ λῃστῶν δύο. Καὶ ἀεὶ δ' ἐν τοῖς γνησίοις μαθηταῖς καὶ μαρτυροῦσι τῇ ἀληθείᾳ ὁ Ἰησοῦς συσταυροῦται λῃσταῖς καὶ τὴν αὐτὴν αὐτοῖς παρὰ ἀνθρώποις καταδίκην πάσχει. Καί φαμεν ὅτι, εἴπερ οὗτοι ὅμοιόν τι λῃσταῖς ἔχουσιν οἱ διὰ τὴν εἰς τὸν δημιουργὸν εὐσέβειαν, ἵνα αὐτὴν εἰλικρινῆ καὶ καθαρὰν διαφυλάξωσι κατὰ τὴν τοῦ Ἰησοῦ διδασκαλίαν, πᾶσαν αἰκίαν καὶ πάντας θανάτους ἀναδεχό μενοι, δῆλον ὅτι καὶ ὁ Ἰησοῦς, ὁ πατὴρ τῆς τοιαύτης διδασκαλίας, εὐλόγως ὑπὸ τοῦ Κέλσου λῃστάρχαις παραβάλ λεται. Ἀλλ' οὔτ' ἐκεῖνος κατὰ τὸ κοινωνικὸν ἀποθνῄσκων οὔθ' οὗτοι δι' εὐσέβειαν ταῦτα πάσχοντες καὶ μόνοι πάντων ἀνθρώπων διὰ τὴν φανεῖσαν αὐτοῖς ὁδὸν τῆς εἰς τὸ θεῖον τιμῆς ἐπιβουλευόμενοι οὐκ ἀδίκως ἀναιροῦνται, οὔθ' ὁ Ἰησοῦς οὐκ ἀσεβῶς ἐπεβουλεύθη.