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you will be dominated by the body. For just as the body is able to move towards nothing without the soul, so too the soul that is united to God through love has no strength to be carried away towards the pleasures and appetites of the body, nor even towards any other desires for things seen or unseen, along with passions. For the impulse of its heart, or rather to say, the whole inclination of its will, is bound by the sweet love of God. Therefore, being bound to its Maker, as has been said, how, tell me, is it able to be inflamed by the body or to fulfill its own desires at all? In no way.

But the changes that naturally follow and occur in the same body are manifest; for they happen and occur in all the saints. For at one time it is said to be in health, when the humors are not in conflict with each other, but at another time it is forced to fall into sickness, whenever one of the four elements either abounds or becomes less than itself, evidently rising up against the others or rather being overpowered and tyrannized by them, from which arise fluxes, mutilations, and perhaps the destruction of the whole living being, our soul being in no way harmed by these things, since most of these things come about from intemperance in food and drink, and others from the change of the winds and the air. For when it is cold, bodies which have a cold nature (324) are harmed and become weaker, being chilled for the most part, while those of a warm constitution become more temperate and stronger. But when the air becomes warm again, the cold things are somehow warmed and revived, just as flies and the other small creatures, when illumined by the rays of the sun, become stronger and more agile, while those that partake of warmer matter are altogether inflamed and enervated and likewise become weak and inactive for every action and movement. And simply, each one, according to the proportion of its own constitution, undergoes change analogously in the alteration of the air and the winds. But indeed, apart from these things, there is likewise in a particular way the change from excessive eating and drinking and that from extreme fasting, and not only this but also from much sleep or wakefulness and from bodily labor or idleness a certain change occurs in us. And again, there is another smoky fire that arises from the matter itself inherent in the body and from the natural heat that is stirred in us, as from a charcoal fire extinguished by water, and sometimes it is diffused only to the head, but at other times throughout the whole body.

And in addition to all these, there is again another temptation brought upon us by the demons, by the concession of our good God and Master, for providential instruction towards humility. What then is this? The very weight of the body, which, even without any other cause, for vainglory alone or pride or for condemning another who is negligent or for many other reasons, we are delivered to this demon for the destruction of the flesh and the crushing of the soul, (325) but for her greater trial and exercise and so that, recognizing the compassion and mercy of God concerning us, we may transfer all our love to Him from our disposition and acquire our whole longing for Him.

Therefore, not all men understand these things, but as for the alterations of the soul and the changes of the body, those who are in a middle state regarding virtue, each of them understands something partially, whenever such a thing happens to occur in him—for we have no discussion concerning those who are completely darkened; but the changes and turnings that occur in the mind, as we have said, only the dispassionate and perfect, those who are pure and free in soul, and likewise in mind, know. And not even they; for not of themselves, but from Him to whom they belong, are they taught about these things. For at one time, from the irregularities that occur in the mind, the soul is constricted and becomes gloomy,

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καταδυναστευθήσῃ τοῦ σώματος. Καθάπερ γάρ πρός οὐδέν τό σῶμα κινεῖσθαι δύναται δίχα ψυχῆς, οὕτως οὐδέ ἡ τῷ Θεῷ δι᾿ ἀγάπης ἑνωθεῖσα ψυχή συναπάγεσθαι ἰσχύει πρός τάς τοῦ σώματος ἡδονάς καί ὀρέξεις, ἀλλ᾿ οὐδέ πρός ἄλλας ἐπιθυμίας τινάς τῶν ὁρωμένων ἤ καί ἀοράτων πραγμάτων ὁμοῦ καί παθῶν. ∆έδεται γάρ ὑπό τῆς γλυκείας ἀγάπης τοῦ Θεοῦ ἡ ὁρμή τῆς καρδίας αὐτῆς ἤ μᾶλλον εἰπεῖν πᾶσα ἡ ῥοπή τοῦ θελήματος αὐτῆς. Αὕτη οὖν συνδεθεῖσα τῷ ἑαυτῆς, ὥσπερ εἴρηται, Ποιητῇ, πῶς, εἰπέ, δύναται τῷ σώματι πυροῦσθαι ἤ ὅλως ἰδίας ἐπιθυμίας ἀποπληροῦν; Οὐδαμῶς.

Αἱ δέ φυσικῶς ἑπόμεναι καί γινόμεναι ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ σώματι μεταβολαί πρόδηλοι· συμβαίνουσι γάρ καί εἰς πάντας γίνονται τούς ἁγίους. Ποτέ μέν γάρ ὑγείαν ἄγειν λέγεται, ὅταν πρός ἑαυτάς αἱ ὗλαι μή στασιάζωσι, ποτέ δέ νόσῳ περιπίπτειν καταναγκάζεται, ὁπόταν ἕν ἀπό τῶν τεσσάρων στοιχείων ἤ πλεονάσῃ ἤ ἔλαττον ἑαυτοῦ γένηται, κατεξανιστάμενον δηλονότι τῶν ἄλλων ἤ ὑπ᾿ ἐκείνων μᾶλλον ἐπικρατούμενον καί αὐτοτυραννούμενον, ἐξ ὧν γίνονται ῥεύματα, ἀκρωτηριασμοί καί ὅλου ἴσως τοῦ ζῴου διαφθορά, μηδέν ἐκ τούτων παραβλαπτομένην ἡμῶν τῆς ψυχῆς, ἐπειδή τά μέν πλεῖστα τούτων ἀπό ἀκρασίας βρωμάτων καί πομάτων ἐγγίνονται, τά δέ καί ἀπό τῆς τῶν ἀνέμων καί τοῦ ἀέρος ἐναλλαγῆς. Ψυχροῦ γάρ ὄντος αὐτοῦ, τά ψυχρᾶς εἶναι φύσεως (324) λαχόντα σώματα βλάπτονται καί ἀσθενέστερα γίνονται, ὡς ἐπί πολύ ψυχραινόμενα, τά δέ θερμῆς ὄντα κράσεως εὐκρατότερα μᾶλλον καί ἰσχυρότερα γίνονται. Ὅταν δέ θερμός πάλιν γένηται ὁ ἀήρ, τά μέν ψυχρά θάλπονται οἱοενί καί ἀναζωοῦνται, ὡς ὑπό τοῦ ἡλίου αἱ μυῖαι καί τά λοιπά ζῳύφια λαμπόμενα ὑπό τῶν ἀκτίνων αὐτοῦ καί δυνατώτερα καί εἰκινητότερα γίνονται, τά δέ θερμοτέρας ὕλης μετέχοντα ὅλως ὑπερεμπίπρανται καί ἐκλύονται καί πρός πᾶσαν πρᾶξιν καί κίνησιν ὡσαύτως ἀσθενῆ καί ἀδρανῆ γίνονται. Καί ἁπλῶς ἕκαστον κατά ἀναλογίαν τῆς ἑαυτοῦ συγκράσεως ἐν τῇ τοῦ ἀέρος ἐναλλαγῇ καί τῶν ἀνέμων ἀναλόγως καί τήν μεταβολήν ἐπιδέχεται. Ἀλλά γάρ καί δίχα τούτων ὡσαύτως ἰδιαιτέρως ἐστίν ἡ ἐκ βρώσεως καί πόσεως περιττῆς καί ἡ ἐξ ἄκρας νηστείας μεταβολή, οὐ μόνον δέ ἀλλά καί ἐκ πολυυπνίας ἤ ἀγρυπνίας καί ἐκ κόπου ἤ ἀργίας σωματικῆς μεταβολή τις γίνεται ἐν ἡμῖν. Ἄλλη δέ πάλιν ἐστίν ἡ ἐξ αὐτῆς τῆς ἐνυπαρχούσης ὕλης τῷ σώματι καί τοῦ ἐν ἡμῖν κινουμένου φυσικοῦ θερμοῦ ἀναδιδομένη καπνώδης πυρά, ὡς ὑπό ὕδατος σβεσθείσης ἀνθρακιᾶς, καί ποτέ μέν πρός μόνην τήν κεφαλήν, ποτέ δέ ἐν ὅλῳ διαχεομένη τῷ σώματι.

Ἐπί δέ πᾶσι τούτοις ἄλλος πάλιν ἐστί παραχωρήσει τοῦ ἀγαθοῦ ἡμῶν Θεοῦ καί ∆εσπότου ἐπιφερόμενος ἡμῖν ὑπό τῶν δαιμόνων κατ᾿ οἰκονομικήν παίδευσιν πρός ταπείνωσιν πειρασμός. Ποῖος δή οὗτός ἐστιν; Αὐτό τό βάρος τοῦ σώματος, ὅ καί δίχα τινός ἑτέρας αἰτίας διά κενοδοξίαν μόνην ἤ ἔπαρσιν ἤ διά τό κατακρῖναι ἄλλον ἀμελῆ ἤ καί δι᾿ ἑτέρας πλείστας αἰτίας τῷ δαίμονι τούτῳ παραδιδόμεθα εἰς ὄλεθρον μέν τῆς σαρκός καί συντριμμόν τῆς ψυχῆς, (325) πεῖραν δέ καί γυμνασίαν περισσοτέραν αὐτῆς καί ἵνα τό περί ἡμᾶς συμπαθές τοῦ Θεοῦ καί εὔσπλαγχνον ἐπιγνόντες, ὅλην πρός αὐτόν μεταθῶμεν ἐκ διαθέσεως τήν ἀγάπην καί πρός ἐκεῖνον ὅλον τόν πόθον κτησώμεθα.

Τοιγαροῦν καί ταῦτα οὐ πάντες ἐπίστανται, ἀλλά τάς μέν ψυχικάς ἀλλοιώσεις καί τάς μεταβολάς τάς τοῦ σώματος, οἱ μέσως πως πρός τήν ἀρετήν ἔχοντες, ἕκαστος τούτων μερικῶς τι νοεῖ, ὅτε δ᾿ ἄν καί συμβῇ ἐν αὐτῷ γενέσθαι τι τοιοῦτον, περί γάρ τῶν τελείως ἐσκοτισμένων οὐδείς ἡμῖν λόγος· τάς δέ γε γινομένας ἐν τῷ νοΐ μεταβολάς, ὡς εἴπομεν, καί στροφάς μόνοι οἱ ἀπαθεῖς καί τέλειοι, οἱ καθαροί τε καί ἐλεύθεροι τῇ ψυχῇ, ὡσαύτως καί τῷ νοΐ, γινώσκουσι. Καί οὐδ᾿ αὐτοί· οὐ γάρ ἑαυτῶν, ἀλλ᾿ οὗτινός εἰσιν, ἐξ ἐκείνου καί περί τούτων διδάσκονται. Ποτέ μέν γάρ, ἐκ τῶν ἀνωμαλιῶν τῶν ἐν τῷ νοΐ συμβαινουσῶν, ἡ ψυχή στενοῦται καί στυγνή γίνεται,