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taking away some of the present joy, but nevertheless, having become courageous, it also rouses the intellect; and sometimes the intellect, from what the soul suffers, suffers along with it and is forced to be under the night, but does not accept it, but struggles to remain in the light and perhaps illuminates the soul as well. At other times, again, by the irregularity of the body, both are tyrannized vehemently, sometimes being burdened from without and perceiving the burden and having their peaceful state intact, but at other times being troubled from within, so that the one suffering does not even hope to return to the former calm state. Thus, therefore, the soul and the intellect err because of the body, and the intellect again because of the soul itself, and the soul again because of the intellect and the body. But not always are the two, the soul and the intellect, (326) disturbed, but again from these sometimes the soul alone suffers, with the intellect asking it: "What," it says, "is the matter with you?" and comforting it, but at other times the intellect is blinded and veiled, and the soul, being free, by the power of divine fire drives out the darkness and lifts the veil and makes the intellect see clearly.

For this reason I said, O fathers and brothers, that we must not only understand the turnings and changes and the alterations that happen to us, but also know from where these come and how and from what things, and what sort of winds of thoughts are blowing and from where the rivers of passions and temptations descend or come upon us, so that we may both securely support the house of the soul and rightly steer the rudder of the ship and not handle it unskillfully or clumsily. And knowledge of these things is provided by a life accomplished with precision and a rule without omission. For the monk must set a boundary and a standard in himself and know how he must pass each day, so that he may be swift in the work of virtue and not be hindered by inexperience in its course. For thus he will also smooth for himself the rough and laborious road, being clearly in the habit and custom of this good, and progressing in God and setting ascents in his heart, he will be well-pleasing, running up from the smaller things to the greater and more perfect, and he will come to have knowledge of all the things that have been said and will be called a teacher of virtue to many others, enlightening through his word and life those who encounter him, since indeed he himself has been enlightened from above, and revealing deep things (327) to those who seek with longing to learn the depths of the Spirit, in Christ Jesus our Lord, to whom be glory for ever. Amen.

Discourse 26. (328)

Concerning the beginning of a life most beneficial and salutary, fitting for those who have just renounced the world and the things in the world and are turning to the monastic life. And of instruction for beginners

most profitable. Brothers and fathers, every man who has just renounced the world and all the things in the world,

and has run away to this life and the stadium of the monks, if indeed he has renounced for the sake of God and chooses to learn this art of arts and does not wish his withdrawal from the world to be in vain, from the very beginning with all eagerness and most fervent purpose ought to zealously do the things of virtue. And so that we might hand down in writing some preliminary instruction in the elements of the science of sciences, I mean of our ascetic practice, to those who have just come from the world as to this school, we set forth such things from the start, as in

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ὑφελομένη τι τῆς προσούσης χαρᾶς, πλήν ὅμως ἀνδρισαμένη καί τόν νοῦν διανίστησι· ποτέ δέ ὁ νοῦς, ἐξ ὧν ἡ ψυχή πάσχει, συμπάσχει καί οὗτος καί ὑπό τήν νύκτα γενέσθαι καταναγκάζεται μέν, οὐ καταδέχεται δέ, βιάζεται δέ μένειν ἐν τῷ φωτί καί ἴσως διαυγάζει καί τήν ψυχήν. Ἄλλοτε ὑπό τῆς ἀνωμαλίας πάλιν τοῦ σώματος τά ἀμφότερα τυραννοῦνται σφοδρῶς, ποτέ μέν ἔξωθεν βαρούμενα καί τό μέν βάρος ἐπαισθανόμενα καί τήν εἰρηνικήν κατάστασιν σῶαν ἔχοντα, ποτέ δέ ἔσωθεν ταραττόμενα, ὡς μηδέ ἐλπίζειν τόν πάσχοντα εἰς τήν προτέραν ἐπανελθεῖν γαληνιαίαν κατάστασιν. Οὕτω τοίνυν ἡ μέν ψυχή καί ὁ νοῦς ἀπό τοῦ σώματος, ὁ δέ νοῦς ἀπό τῆς ψυχῆς πάλιν αὐτῆς καί ἡ ψυχή αὖθις ἀπό τοῦ νοός καί τοῦ σώματος πλημμελεῖ. Οὐ τά δύο δέ πάντοτε, ἡ ψυχή καί ὁ νοῦς, (326) ἐκταράσσονται, ἀλλά καί ἐκ τούτων πάλιν ποτέ μέν ἡ ψυχή μόνη πάσχει, τοῦ νοός ἐρομένου αὐτήν· "Τί, φησίν, ἔχεις;" καί παραμυθουμένου αὐτήν, ποτέ δέ ὁ νοῦς ἐκτυφλοῦται καί συγκαλύπτεται καί ἡ ψυχή, ἐλευθέρα οὖσα, δυνάμει θείου πυρός ἐκδιώκει τόν ζόφον καί αἴρει τό κάλυμμα καί τόν νοῦν διαβλέπειν ποιεῖ.

∆ιά τοῦτο εἶπον, ὦ πατέρες καί ἀδελφοί, ὅτι οὐ χρή νοεῖν μόνον ἡμᾶς τάς τροπάς καί μεταβολάς καί τάς συμβαινούσας ἀλλοιώσεις ἡμῖν, ἀλλά καί εἰδέναι πόθεν αὗται καί πῶς καί ἀπό τίνων, ὁποῖοί τε πνεύουσιν ἄνεμοι λογισμῶν καί ἐκ τίνων οἱ ποταμοί κατέρχονται ἤ ἐπέρχονται τῶν παθῶν τε καί πειρασμῶν, ἵνα καί τήν οἰκίαν στηρίξωμεν ἀσφαλῶς τῆς ψυχῆς καί τό πηδάλιον εὐθύνωμεν τοῦ πλοίου καλῶς καί μή ἀτεχνῶς ἤ ἀφυῶς αὐτό μεταχειρισώμεθα. Τούτων δέ τήν γνῶσιν βίος παρέχει μετά ἀκριβείας καί κανόνος ἀπαραλείπτως ἐπιτελούμενος. Θεῖναι γάρ ὅρον ἐν ἑαυτῷ χρεών καί τύπον τόν μοναχόν καί εἰδέναι αὐτόν, πῶς ἑκάστην ἡμέραν διέρχεσθαι δεῖ, ὡς ἄν εὔδρομος πρός ἐργασίαν τῆς ἀρετῆς ᾗ καί μή ἐμποδίζηται τῇ ἀπειρίᾳ πρός τόν δρόμον αὐτῆς. Οὕτω γάρ καί ἑαυτῷ τήν ὁδόν ἐξομαλίσει τήν τραχεῖαν ὁμοῦ καί ἐπίπονον, ταύτης ἐν ἕξει τοῦ καλοῦ καί συνηθείᾳ δηλονότι γενόμενος καί Θεῷ προκόπτων καί ἀναβάσεις τιθέμενος ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ εὐαρεστήσει, ἐκ τῶν μικροτέρων ἐπί τά μείζω καί τελεώτερα ἀνατρέχων, καί τῶν εἰρημένων ἁπάντων ἐν γνώσει γενήσεται καί πολλῶν ἄλλων διδάσκαλος ἀρετῆς χρηματίσει, φωτίζων διά τοῦ λόγου καί τοῦ βίου τούς αὐτῷ ἐντυγχάνοντας, ἅτε δή ὡς φωτισθείς καί αὐτός ἄνωθεν, καί ἀνακαλύπτων βαθέα (327) τοῖς μετά πόθου ζητοῦσι τά βάθη μαθεῖν τά τοῦ Πνεύματος, ἐν Χριστῷ Ἰησοῦ τῷ Κυρίῳ ἡμῶν, ᾧ ἡ δόξα εἰς τούς αἰῶνας. Ἀμήν.

Λόγος Κστ΄. (328)

Περί ἀρχῆς βίου λίαν ἐπωφελοῦς καί σωτηρίου, ἁρμοζούσης τοῖς ἄρτι τῷ κόσμῳ καί τοῖς ἐν κόσμῳ ἀποτασσομένοις καί πρός τόν μοναδικόν ἀποτρέχουσι βίον. Καί διδασκαλίας εἰς ἀρχαρίους

λυσιτελεστάτη. Ἀδελφοί καί πατέρες, πᾶς ἄνθρωπος ὁ ἄρτι τῷ κόσμῳ καί τοῖς ἐν κόσμῳ πᾶσιν

ἀποταξάμενος, ἐπί δέ τόν βίον τοῦτον καί τό στάδιον τῶν μοναχῶν ἀποδραμών, εἴ γε διά Θεόν ἀπετάξατο καί τήν τέχνην τῶν τεχνῶν ταύτην μαθεῖν αἱρεῖται καί μή εἰς κενόν βούλεται γενέσθαι τήν ἀπό τοῦ κόσμου αὐτοῦ ἀναχώρησιν, ἐξ αὐτῆς ἀρχῆς μετά προθυμίας πάσης καί θερμοτάτης προθέσεως τά τῆς ἀρετῆς σπουδαίως ὀφείλει ποιεῖν. Καί ἵνα προπαίδειάν τινα τῶν στοιχείων τῆς ἐπιστήμης τῶν ἐπιστημῶν, λέγω δή τῆς ἡμετέρας ἀσκήσεως, τοῖς ἄρτι πρός ταύτην οἱονεί τήν σχολήν ἀπό τοῦ κόσμου παραγενομένοις ἔγγραφον παραδώσωμεν, τοιαῦτα ἐκ προοιμίων ὑποτιθέμεθα, ὡς ἐν