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born from above, how can they see the glory of those born from there - as the Lord said - of those born of God and who have become children of God? Those who did not wish to experience this, but through carelessness have also lost this—for they did receive authority to become such—by what knowledge, tell me, can they be able to understand or even be strong enough in any way to conceive what sort of people those have become?

God is Spirit, invisible, immortal, unapproachable, incomprehensible, and He makes those born of Him to be such, like the Father who begot them, being perceptible and visible in body only, but in other respects (316) known only by God and knowing God alone, or rather, wishing to be known by God alone, toward whom they always long to look and by whom they yearn to be seen. Otherwise, just as the illiterate cannot read books equally with the literate, so also those who have not wished to go through the commandments of Christ by practice will not, equally with those who have kept vigil over them and fulfilled them and for their sake have poured out their own blood, ever be able, like them, to be deemed worthy of the revelation of the Holy Spirit. For just as a man who has taken a sealed and closed book cannot see what is written in it or conceive what it is like, as long as the book is sealed, even if he has learned all the wisdom of the world, so too one who has all the divine Scriptures, as we said, on his lips will never be able to know and perceive the mystical and divine glory and power hidden in them, unless he goes through all the commandments of God and receives the Paraclete with himself, who opens the words to him like the book and shows the glory in them mystically, but also revealing the hidden good things of God in them, together with the eternal life that gushes forth from them, which are altogether veiled and unseen by all who are contemptuous and careless. And reasonably so; for since they have nailed all their senses to the vanity of the world and are attached to the pleasures of life and the beauties of bodies, carrying about the eye of the soul in darkness, they are unable to see and look up to the intelligible beauties of the ineffable (317) good things of God.

And just as one with weak bodily eyes cannot look at all at a more brightly shining sunbeam, but if he does stare at it, he immediately and completely loses what light he has, so indeed also one who has the eyes of the soul weak and its senses full of passion cannot perceive beauty or the loveliness of a body without passion and without harm, but lingering in the contemplation of passion, he also loses that very peace of thoughts and tranquility from evil desire which he had before this. Therefore such a one cannot perceive his own weakness at all. For if he had considered himself to be weak, he would have believed that there are others who are healthy, and perhaps he would have at some time blamed himself as being the cause for himself and would have taken thought for deliverance from it. But now, since such a one considers everyone to be full of passion, he makes himself equal to them and says it is impossible for him to become superior to everyone. Why this? So that he may die along with his passion, the wretched one not wanting to be delivered from such an evil. For if he had wished, he would have been able, since he has received the ability from God. For as many of us as were baptized into His name, we received authority from Him to take off the former ignoble birth of corruption like an old garment and to be called sons of God and to put on Christ.

But may it not be, brothers, that we become like those who are in such a state and think such things, being uncultivated and earthly. But may we follow Christ, the

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γεννηθέντες ἄνωθεν, τῶν γεννηθέντων ἐκεῖθεν - καθώς εἶπεν ὁ Κύριος - τήν δόξαν πῶς ἴδωσι, τῶν ἐκ Θεοῦ γεννηθέντων καί τέκνων γενομένων Θεοῦ; Οἱ μή τοῦτο παθεῖν ἐθελήσαντες, ἀλλά δι᾿ ἀμελείας ταύτην προσαπολέσαντες - καί γάρ ἔλαβον ἐξουσίαν τοῦ γενέσθαι τοιοῦτοι , ποίᾳ γνώσει δυνηθῶσιν, εἰπέ μοι, κατανοῆσαι ἤ κἄν ὁπωσοῦν ἐννοῆσαι ἰσχύσωσιν, οἷοι ἐκεῖνοι ἐχρημάτισαν;

Πνεῦμά ἐστιν ὁ Θεός ἀόρατον, ἀθάνατον, ἀπρόσιτον, ἀκατάληπτον, καί τοιούτους ποιεῖ τούς ἐξ αὐτοῦ γεννωμένους, ὁμοίους τῷ γεγενηκότι Πατρί, σώματι μόνῳ ληπτούς ὄντας καί ὁρατούς, τά δ᾿ ἄλλα (316) μόνῳ Θεῷ γινωσκομένους καί Θεόν μόνον γινώσκοντας, μᾶλλον δέ μόνῳ Θεῷ βουλομένους γινώσκεσθαι, πρός ὅν καί βλέπειν ἀεί ἐφίενται καί ὑπ᾿ αὐτοῦ γλίχονται ὁρᾶσθαι. Ἄλλως δέ, καθάπερ οἱ ἄπειροι τῶν γραμμάτων ἴσον τοῖς ἐμπείροις τάς βίβλους ἀναγινώσκειν οὐ δύναται, οὕτως οὐδέ οἰ μή διά πράξεως τάς τοῦ Χριστοῦ ἐντολάς διελθεῖν ἐθελήσαντες, ἴσον τῶν εἰς αὐτάς ἐπαγρυπνησάντων καί πεπληρωκότων αὐτάς καί ὑπέρ αὐτῶν τό αἷμα κεκενωκότων τό ἴδιον, ἰσχύσουσιν, ὡς ἐκεῖνοι, τῆς τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος ἀποκαλύψεως ἀξιωθῆναί ποτε. Ὥσπερ γάρ ὁ βιβλίον ἐσφραγισμένον καί κεκλεισμένον λαβών ἄνθρωπος οὐ δύναται τά ἐν αὐτῷ γεγραμμένα ἰδεῖν ἤ ὁποῖά εἰσιν ἐννοῆσαι ἕως ἐσφραγισμένον ἐστί τό βιβλίον, κἄν πᾶσαν τήν σοφίαν τοῦ κόσμου μεμάθηκεν, οὕτως οὐδέ ὁ πάσας τάς θείας Γραφάς, ὡς εἴπομεν, ἐπί στόματος ἔχων δυνήσεταί ποτε τήν ἐν αὐταῖς ἐγκεκρυμμένην μυστικήν καί θείαν δόξαν ὁμοῦ καί δύναμιν γνῶναι καί κατιδεῖν, εἰ μή πάσας διέλθῃ τάς ἐντολάς τοῦ Θεοῦ καί τόν Παράκλητον λάβῃ μεθ᾿ ἑαυτοῦ, διανοίγοντα τούς λόγους αὐτῷ ὡς τό βιβλίον καί τήν ἐν αὐτοῖς ἐπιδεικνύοντα δόξαν μυστικῶς, οὐ μήν ἀλλά καί τά ἐν τούτοις ἀποκεκρυμμένα τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀγαθά σύν αὐτῇ τῇ ταῦτα βλυζούσῃ αἰωνίᾳ ζωῇ ἀποκαλύπτοντα, ἅ πᾶσι τοῖς καταφρονηταῖς καί ἀμελεστέροις κεκαλυμμένα ὑπάρχει καί ἀφανῆ τό καθόλου. Καί εἰκότως· ἐπειδή γάρ τάς αἰσθήσεις αὐτῶν πάσας εἰς τήν τοῦ κόσμου ματαιότητα προσήλωσαν καί τοῖς τερπνοῖς τοῦ βίου καί ταῖς ὡραιότησι τῶν σωμάτων προσπάσχουσι, σκοτεινόν τό τῆς ψυχῆς ὀπτικόν περιφέροντες, πρός τά νοητά κάλλη τῶν ἀπορρήτων (317) τοῦ Θεοῦ ἀγαθῶν ἰδεῖν καί ἀναβλέψαι οὐ δύνανται.

Καί καθάπερ ὁ ἀσθενῶν τάς ὄψεις τοῦ σώματος οὐ δύναται κἄν ποσῶς εἰς ἡλιακήν ἀκτῖνα τρανότερον λάμπουσαν ἀποβλέψαι, ἀλλ᾿ εἰ καί πρός αὐτήν ἀτενίσει, τέλεον εὐθύς καί ὅπερ κέκτηται φῶς προσαπόλλυσιν, οὕτω δή καί ὁ τά τῆς ψυχῆς ὄμματα ἀσθενῆ καί τάς αἰσθήσεις αὐτάς ἐμπαθεῖς ἔχων, ἀπαθῶς καί βλάβης ἐκτός κάλλος ἤ ὡραιότητα σώματος καί κατανοῆσαι οὐ δύναται, ἀλλά καί ἥνπερ πρό τούτου εἰρήνην εἶχε τῶν λογισμῶν καί γαλήνην τῆς πονηρᾶς ἐπιθυμίας, καί αὐτήν χρονίζων ἐν τῇ μελέτῃ τοῦ πάθους ἀπόλλυσι. Τοιγαροῦν οὐδέ τήν ἑαυτοῦ ἀσθένειαν ὁ τοιοῦτος καταμαθεῖν ὅλως δύναται. Εἰ γάρ ἀσθενεῖν ἑαυτόν πεποίηκεν, ἐπίστευσεν ἄν ὅτι εἰσί τινες ὑγιαίνοντες ἕτεροι, καί ἴσως ἐμέμψατο ἑαυτόν ποτε ὡς αἴτιον αὐτόν ἑαυτῷ χρηματίσαντα καί τά πρός ἀπαλλαγήν ταύτης ἐφρόντισε. Νυνί δέ τούς πάντας ἔχων ἐμπαθεῖς ὁ τοιοῦτος, αὐτοῖς ἑαυτόν ἐξισοῖ καί ἀδύνατον λέγει εἶναι τό ὑπέρ τούς πάντας γενέσθαι αὐτόν. Τί τοῦτο; Ἵνα συναποθάνῃ τῷ πάθει, μή θέλων τοῦ τοιούτου κακοῦ ἀπαλλαγῆναι ὁ ἄθλιος. Εἰ γάρ ἠβουλήθη, ἴσχυσεν ἄν, ὡς ἐκ Θεοῦ τό δύνασθαι εἰληφώς. Ὅσοι γάρ εἰς τό ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐβαπτίσθημεν, ἐξουσίαν ἐλάβομεν παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ τήν πρῴην δυσγένειαν τῆς φθορᾶς ὡς ἱμάτιον παλαιόν ἀποδύσασθαι καί υἱοί Θεοῦ χρηματίσαι καί τόν Χριστόν ἐπενδύσασθαι.

Ἀλλά μή γένοιτο ἡμᾶς, ἀδελφοί, ἐξομοιωθῆναι τοῖς οὕτω ἔχουσι καί τοιαῦτα φρονοῦσι, κεχερσωμένοις οὖσι καί χοϊκοῖς. Γένοιτο δέ ἐξακολουθῆσαι Χριστῷ, τῷ