Chapter XII.—Human Nature Possesses an Adaptation for Perfection; The Gnostic Alone Attains It.

By which consideration1540    i.e., that mentioned in the last sentence of chap xi., which would more appropriately be transferred to chap. xii. is solved the question propounded to us by the heretics, Whether Adam was created perfect or imperfect? Well, if imperfect, how could the work of a perfect God—above all, that work being man—be imperfect? And if perfect, how did he transgress the commandments? For they shall hear from us that he was not perfect in his creation, but adapted to the reception of virtue. For it is of great importance in regard to virtue to be made fit for its attainment. And it is intended that we should be saved by ourselves. This, then, is the nature of the soul, to move of itself. Then, as we are rational, and philosophy being rational, we have some affinity with it. Now an aptitude is a movement towards virtue, not virtue itself. All, then, as I said, are naturally constituted for the acquisition of virtue.

But one man applies less, one more, to learning and training. Wherefore also some have been competent to attain to perfect virtue, and others have attained to a kind of it. And some, on the other hand, through negligence, although in other respects of good dispositions, have turned to the opposite. Now much more is that knowledge which excels all branches of culture in greatness and in truth, most difficult to acquire, and is attained with much toil. “But, as seems, they know not the mysteries of God. For God created man for immortality, and made him an image of His own nature;”1541    Wisd. ii. 22, 25. according to which nature of Him who knows all, he who is a Gnostic, and righteous, and holy with prudence, hastes to reach the measure of perfect manhood. For not only are actions and thoughts, but words also, pure in the case of the Gnostic: “Thou hast proved mine heart; Thou hast visited me by night,” it is said; “Thou hast subjected me to the fire, and unrighteousness was not found in me: so that my mouth shall not speak the works of men.”1542    Ps. xvii. 3, 4.

And why do I say the works of men? He recognises sin itself, which is not brought forward in order to repentance (for this is common to all believers); but what sin is. Nor does he condemn this or that sin, but simply all sin; nor is it what one has done ill that he brings up, but what ought not to be done. Whence also repentance is twofold: that which is common, on account of having transgressed; and that which, from learning the nature of sin, persuades, in the first instance, to keep from sinning, the result of which is not sinning.

Let them not then say, that he who does wrong and sins transgresses through the agency of demons; for then he would be guiltless. But by choosing the same things as demons, by sinning; being unstable, and light, and fickle in his desires, like a demon, he becomes a demoniac man. Now he who is bad, having become, through evil, sinful by nature, becomes depraved, having what he has chosen; and being sinful, sins also in his actions. And again, the good man does right. Wherefore we call not only the virtues, but also right actions, good. And of things that are good we know that some are desirable for themselves, as knowledge; for we hunt for nothing from it when we have it, but only [seek] that it be with us, and that we be in uninterrupted contemplation, and strive to reach it for its own sake. But other things are desirable for other considerations, such as faith, for escape from punishment, and the advantage arising from reward, which accrue from it. For, in the case of many, fear is the cause of their not sinning; and the promise is the means of pursuing obedience, by which comes salvation. Knowledge, then, desirable as it is for its own sake, is the most perfect good; and consequently the things which follow by means of it are good. And punishment is the cause of correction to him who is punished; and to those who are able to see before them he becomes an example, to prevent them falling into the like.

Let us then receive knowledge, not desiring its results, but embracing itself for the sake of knowing. For the first advantage is the habit of knowledge (γνωστική), which furnishes harmless pleasures and exultation both for the present and the future. And exultation is said to be gladness, being a reflection of the virtue which is according to truth, through a kind of exhilaration and relaxation of soul. And the acts which partake of knowledge are good and fair actions. For abundance in the actions that are according to virtue, is the true riches, and destitution in decorous1543    Sylburgius proposes κοσμικάς, worldly, instead of κοσμίας, decorous; in which case the sentence would read: “and [true] poverty, destitution in worldly desires.” desires is poverty. For the use and enjoyment of necessaries are not injurious in quality, but in quantity, when in excess. Wherefore the Gnostic circumscribes his desires in reference both to possession and to enjoyment, not exceeding the limit of necessity. Therefore, regarding life in this world as necessary for the increase of science (ἐπιστήμη) and the acquisition of knowledge (γνῶσις), he will value highest, not living, but living well. He will therefore prefer neither children, nor marriage, nor parents, to love for God, and righteousness in life. To such an one, his wife, after conception, is as a sister, and is judged as if of the same father; then only recollecting her husband, when she looks on the children; as being destined to become a sister in reality after putting off the flesh, which separates and limits the knowledge of those who are spiritual by the peculiar characteristics of the sexes. For souls, themselves by themselves, are equal. Souls are neither male nor female, when they no longer marry nor are given in marriage. And is not woman translated into man, when she is become equally unfeminine, and manly, and perfect? Such, then, was the laughter of Sarah1544    Gen. xviii. 12. when she received the good news of the birth of a son; not, in my opinion, that she disbelieved the angel, but that she felt ashamed of the intercourse by means of which she was destined to become the mother of a son.

And did not Abraham, when he was in danger on account of Sarah’s beauty, with the king of Egypt, properly call her sister, being of the same father, but not of the same mother?1545    The reading of the text has, “not of the same mother, much less of the same father,” which contradicts Gen. xx. 12, and has been therefore amended as above.

To those, then, who have repented and not firmly believed, God grants their requests through their supplications. But to those who live sinlessly and gnostically, He gives, when they have but merely entertained the thought. For example, to Anna, on her merely conceiving the thought, conception was vouchsafed of the child Samuel.1546    1 Sam. i. 13. “Ask,” says the Scripture, “and I will do. Think, and I will give.” For we have heard that God knows the heart, not judging1547    Or, “judging from the motion of the soul;” the text reading here οὐ κινήματος ψυχῆς, for which, as above, is proposed, οὐκ ἐκ κινήματος ψυχῆν. the soul from [external] movement, as we men; nor yet from the event. For it is ridiculous to think so. Nor was it as the architect praises the work when accomplished that God, on making the light and then seeing it, called it good. But He, knowing before He made it what it would be, praised that which was made, He having potentially made good, from the first by His purpose that had no beginning, what was destined to be good actually. Now that which has future He already said beforehand was good, the phrase concealing the truth by hyperbaton. Therefore the Gnostic prays in thought during every hour, being by love allied to God. And first he will ask forgiveness of sins; and after, that he may sin no more; and further, the power of well-doing and of comprehending the whole creation and administration by the Lord, that, becoming pure in heart through the knowledge, which is by the Son of God, he may be initiated into the beatific vision face to face, having heard the Scripture which says, “Fasting with prayer is a good thing.”1548    Tob. xii. 8.

Now fastings signify abstinence from all evils whatsoever, both in action and in word, and in thought itself. As appears, then, righteousness is quadrangular;1549    Metaphorical expression for perfect. The phrase “a quadrangular man” is found in Plato and Aristotle. [The proverbial τετρἀγονος ἄνευ ψόγου, of the Nicomach. Ethics, i. 10, and of Plato in the Protagoras, p. 154. Ed. Bipont, 1782.] on all sides equal and like in word, in deed, in abstinence from evils, in beneficence, in gnostic perfection; nowhere, and in no respect halting, so that he does not appear unjust and unequal. As one, then, is righteous, so certainly is he a believer. But as he is a believer, he is not yet also righteous—I mean according to the righteousness of progress and perfection, according to which the Gnostic is called righteous.

For instance, on Abraham becoming a believer, it was reckoned to him for righteousness, he having advanced to the greater and more perfect degree of faith. For he who merely abstains from evil conduct is not just, unless he also attain besides beneficence and knowledge; and for this reason some things are to be abstained from, others are to be done. “By the armour of righteousness on the right hand and on the left,”1550    2 Cor. vi. 7. the apostle says, the righteous man is sent on to the inheritance above,—by some [arms] defended, by others putting forth his might. For the defence of his panoply alone, and abstinence from sins, are not sufficient for perfection, unless he assume in addition the work of righteousness—activity in doing good.

Then our dexterous man and Gnostic is revealed in righteousness already even here, as Moses, glorified in the face of the soul,1551    Ex. xxxiv. 29. as we have formerly said, the body bears the stamp of the righteous soul. For as the mordant of the dyeing process, remaining in the wool, produces in it a certain quality and diversity from other wool; so also in the soul the pain is gone, but the good remains; and the sweet is left, but the base is wiped away. For these are two qualities characteristic of each soul, by which is known that which is glorified, and that which is condemned.

And as in the case of Moses, from his righteous conduct, and from his uninterrupted intercourse with God, who spoke to him, a kind of glorified hue settled on his face; so also a divine power of goodness clinging to the righteous soul in contemplation and in prophecy, and in the exercise of the function of governing, impresses on it something, as it were, of intellectual radiance, like the solar ray, as a visible sign of righteousness, uniting the soul with light, through unbroken love, which is God-bearing and God-borne. Thence assimilation to God the Saviour arises to the Gnostic, as far as permitted to human nature, he being made perfect “as the Father who is in heaven.”1552    Matt. v. 48.

It is He Himself who says, “Little children, a little while I am still with you.”1553    John xiii. 33. Since also God Himself remains blessed and immortal, neither molested nor molesting another;1554    This is cited by Diogenes Laertius as the first dictum of Epicurus. It is also referred to as such by Cicero, De Natura Deorum, and by others. not in consequence of being by nature good, but in consequence of doing good in a manner peculiar to Himself. God being essentially, and proving Himself actually, both Father and good, continues immutably in the self-same goodness. For what is the use of good that does not act and do good?

Ὧι λόγῳ λύεται τὸ πρὸς τῶν αἱρετικῶν ἀπορούμενον ἡμῖν, πότερον τέλειος ἐπλάσθη ὁ Ἀδὰμ ἢ ἀτελής· ἀλλ' εἰ μὲν ἀτελής, πῶς τελείου θεοῦ ἀτελὲς τὸ ἔργον καὶ μάλιστα ἄνθρωπος; εἰ δὲ τέλειος, πῶς παραβαίνει τὰς ἐντολάς; ἀκούσονται γὰρ καὶ παρ' ἡμῶν ὅτι τέλειος κατὰ τὴν κατασκευὴν οὐκ ἐγένετο, πρὸς δὲ τὸ ἀναδέξασθαι τὴν ἀρετὴν ἐπιτήδειος· διαφέρει γὰρ δή που ἐπὶ τὴν ἀρετὴν γεγονέναι ἐπιτήδειον πρὸς τὴν κτῆσιν αὐτῆς· ἡμᾶς δὲ ἐξ ἡμῶν αὐτῶν βούλεται σῴζεσθαι. αὕτη οὖν φύσις ψυχῆς ἐξ ἑαυτῆς ὁρμᾶν· εἶτα λογικοὶ ὄντες λογικῆς οὔσης τῆς φιλοσοφίας συγγενές τι ἔχομεν πρὸς αὐτήν· ἡ δὲ ἐπιτηδειότης φορὰ μέν ἐστι πρὸς ἀρετήν, ἀρετὴ δ' οὔ. Πάντες μὲν οὖν, ὡς ἔφην, πρὸς ἀρετῆς κτῆσιν πεφύκασιν, ἀλλ' ὃ μὲν μᾶλλον, ὃ δ' ἧττον πρόσεισι τῇ τε μαθήσει τῇ τε ἀσκήσει, διὸ καὶ οἳ μὲν ἐξήρκεσαν μέχρι τῆς τελείας ἀρετῆς, οἳ δὲ μέχρι τινὸς ἔφθασαν, ἀμεληθέντες δ' αὖ τινες, καὶ εἰ ἄλλως ἦσαν εὐφυεῖς, εἰς τοὐναντίον ἀπετράπησαν. πολὺ δὲ μᾶλλον ἡ μεγέθει πασῶν μαθήσεων καὶ ἀληθείᾳ διαφέρουσα γνῶσις χαλεπωτάτη κτήσασθαι καὶ ἐν πολλῷ καμάτῳ περιγίνεται. ἀλλ', ὡς ἔοικεν, οὐκ ἔγνωσαν μυστήρια θεοῦ, ὅτι ὁ θεὸς ἔκτισεν τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἐπὶ ἀφθαρσίᾳ καὶ εἰκόνα τῆς ἰδίας ἰδιότητος ἐποίησεν αὐτόν, καθ' ἣν ἰδιότητα τοῦ πάντα εἰδότος ὁ γνωστικὸς καὶ δίκαιος καὶ ὅσιος μετὰ φρονήσεως εἰς μέτρον ἡλικίας τελείας ἀφικνεῖσθαι σπεύδει. ὅτι δ' οὐ μόνον αἱ πράξεις καὶ αἱ ἔννοιαι, ἀλλὰ καὶ οἱ λόγοι καθαρεύουσι τῷ γνωστικῷ, ἐδοκίμασας τὴν καρδίαν μου, ἐπεσκέψω νυκτὸς φησίν· ἐπύρωσάς με καὶ οὐχ εὑρέθη ἐν ἐμοὶ ἀδικία, ὅπως ἂν μὴ λαλήσῃ τὸ στόμα μου τὰ ἔργα τῶν ἀνθρώπων. καὶ τί λέγει τὰ ἔργα τῶν ἀνθρώπων; αὐτὴν τὴν ἁμαρτίαν γνωρίζει, οὐ παραχθεῖσαν ἐπὶ μετάνοιαν (κοινὸν γὰρ τοῦτο καὶ τῶν ἄλλων πιστῶν), ἀλλ' ὅ ἐστιν ἁμαρτία· οὐδὲ γὰρ τῆσδέ τινος καταγινώσκει, ἀλλ' ἁπλῶς πάσης τῆς ἁμαρτίας· οὐδ' ὃ ἐποίησέν τις κακῶς, ἀλλὰ τὸ μὴ ποιητέον συνίστησιν. ὅθεν καὶ ἡ μετάνοια δισσή· ἣ μὲν κοινὴ ἐπὶ τῷ πεπλημμεληκέναι, ἣ δέ, τὴν φύσιν τῆς ἁμαρτίας καταμαθοῦσα, ἀφίστασθαι τοῦ ἁμαρτάνειν αὐτοῦ κατὰ προηγούμενον λόγον πείθει, ᾧ ἕπεται τὸ μὴ ἁμαρτάνειν. Μὴ τοίνυν λεγόντων ὡς ὁ ἀδικῶν καὶ ἁμαρτάνων κατ' ἐνέργειαν δαιμόνων πλημμελεῖ, ἐπεὶ κἂν ἀθῷος γένοιτο, τὰ δὲ αὐτὰ τοῖς δαιμονίοις κατὰ τὸ ἁμαρτάνειν αἱρούμενος, ἀνέδραστος καὶ κοῦφος καὶ εὐμετάβολος ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις, ὡς δαίμων, γίνεται ἄνθρωπος δαιμονικός. αὐτίκα ὁ μὲν κακὸς φύσει, ἁμαρτητικὸς διὰ κακίαν γενόμενος, φαῦλος καθέστηκεν, ἔχων ἣν ἑκὼν εἵλετο· ἁμαρτητικὸς δὲ ὢν καὶ κατὰ τὰς πράξεις διαμαρτάνει· ἔμπαλιν δὲ ὁ σπουδαῖος κατορθοῖ. διὸ οὐ μόνον τὰς ἀρετάς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰς πράξεις τὰς καλὰς ἀγαθὰ καλοῦμεν· τῶν δὲ ἀγαθῶν ἴσμεν τὰ μὲν αὐτὰ δι' αὑτὰ αἱρετά, ὡς τὴν γνῶσιν (οὐ γὰρ ἄλλο τι ἐξ αὐτῆς θηρῶμεν, ἐπειδὰν παρῇ, ἢ μόνον τὸ παρεῖναι αὐτὴν καὶ ἐν ἀδιαλείπτῳ θεωρίᾳ ἡμᾶς εἶναι καὶ εἰς αὐτὴν καὶ δι' αὐτὴν ἀγωνίζεσθαι), τὰ δὲ δι' ἕτερα, [ὡς] τὴν πίστιν διὰ τὴν ἐξ αὐτῆς περιγενομένην φυγήν τε τῆς κολάσεως καὶ ὠφέλειαν τὴν ἐκ τῆς ἀνταποδόσεως. φόβος μὲν γὰρ αἴτιος τοῦ μὴ ἁμαρτάνειν τοῖς πολλοῖς, ἐπαγγελία δὲ ἀφορμὴ τοῦ διώκειν ὑπακοήν, δι' ἧς ἡ σωτηρία. τελειότατον ἄρα ἀγαθὸν ἡ γνῶσις, δι' αὑτὴν οὖσα αἱρετή, κατ' ἐπακολούθημα δὲ καὶ τὰ διὰ ταύτης ἀκολουθοῦντα καλά. καὶ ἡ κόλασις τῷ μὲν κολαζομένῳ διορθώσεως αἰτία, τοῖς δὲ διορᾶν πόρρωθεν δυναμένοις παράδειγμα γίνεται, δι' οὗ τὸ συνεμπίπτειν τοῖς ὁμοίοις ἀνακόπτουσιν. δεξώμεθα οὖν τὴν γνῶσιν οὐ τῶν ἀποβαινόντων ἐφιέμενοι, ἀλλ' αὐτοῦ ἕνεκα τοῦ γινώσκειν ἀσπαζόμενοι. πρώτη γὰρ ὠφέλεια ἡ ἕξις ἡ γνωστική, ἡδονὰς ἀβλαβεῖς παρεχομένη καὶ ἀγαλλίασιν καὶ νῦν καὶ εἰς ὕστερον. τὴν δὲ ἀγαλλίασιν εὐφροσύνην εἶναί φασιν, ἐπιλογισμὸν οὖσαν τῆς κατὰ τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἀρετῆς διά τινος ἑστιάσεως καὶ διαχύσεως ψυχικῆς. τὰ δὲ μετέχοντα τῆς γνώσεως ἔργα αἱ ἀγαθαὶ καὶ καλαὶ πράξεις εἰσίν. πλοῦτος μὲν γὰρ ἀληθὴς ὁ ἐν ταῖς κατὰ τὴν ἀρετὴν πράξεσι πλεονασμός, πενία δὲ ἡ κατὰ τὰς κοσμικὰς ἐπιθυμίας ἀπορία. αἱ κτήσεις γὰρ καὶ χρήσεις τῶν ἀναγκαίων οὐ τὴν ποιότητα ἔχουσι βλαβεράν, ἀλλὰ τὴν παρὰ τὸ μέτρον ποσότητα. διόπερ τὰς ἐπιθυμίας ὁ γνωστικὸς περιγράφει κατά τε τὴν κτῆσιν κατά τε τὴν χρῆσιν, οὐχ ὑπερβαίνων τὸν τῶν ἀναγκαίων ὅρον. τὸ ζῆν ἄρα τὸ ἐνταῦθα ἀναγκαῖον ἡγούμενος εἰς ἐπιστήμης συναύξησιν καὶ τὴν περιποίησιν τῆς γνώσεως, οὐ τὸ ζῆν, ἀλλὰ τὸ εὖ ζῆν περὶ πλείστου ποιήσεται, μήτ' οὖν παῖδας μήτ' αὖ γάμον ἢ τοὺς γονεῖς τῆς πρὸς τὸν θεὸν ἀγάπης καὶ τῆς ἐν βίῳ δικαιοσύνης προτιμῶν. ἀδελφὴ δὲ τούτῳ ἡ γυνὴ μετὰ τὴν παιδοποιίαν, ὡς καὶ ὁμοπατρία, κρίνεται, τότε μόνον τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ἀναμιμνῃσκομένη, ὁπηνίκα ἂν τοῖς τέκνοις προσβλέπῃ, ὡς ἂν ἀδελφὴ τῷ ὄντι ἐσομένη καὶ μετὰ τὴν ἀπόθεσιν τῆς σαρκὸς τῆς διαχωριζούσης καὶ διοριζούσης τὴν γνῶσιν τῶν πνευματικῶν τῇ ἰδιότητι τῶν σχημάτων. αὐταὶ γὰρ καθ' αὑτὰς ἐπ' ἴσης εἰσὶ ψυχαὶ αἱ ψυχαὶ οὐθέτεραι, οὔτε ἄρρενες οὔτε θήλειαι, ἐπὰν μήτε γαμῶσι μήτε γαμίσκωνται· καὶ μή τι οὕτως μετατίθεται εἰς τὸν ἄνδρα ἡ γυνή, ἀθήλυντος ἐπ' ἴσης καὶ ἀνδρικὴ καὶ τελεία γενομένη. τοῦτ' ἦν ἄρα ὁ τῆς Σάρρας γένεσιν παιδὸς εὐαγγελισθείσης γέλως, οὐκ ἀπιστησάσης, οἶμαι, τῷ ἀγγέλῳ, καταιδεσθείσης δὲ ἐκείνην αὖθις τὴν ὁμιλίαν, δι' ἧς ἔμελλεν παιδὸς γενήσεσθαι μήτηρ. καὶ μή τι ἔκτοτε ὁ Ἀβραάμ, ὁπηνίκα παρὰ τῷ βασιλεῖ τῆς Αἰγύπτου διὰ τὸ τῆς Σάρρας ἐκινδύνευεν κάλλος, οἰκείως αὐτὴν ἀδελφὴν προσεῖπεν καὶ ὁμοπατρίαν, ἀλλ' οὔτε ὁμομητρίαν οὐδέπω. Τοῖς μὲν οὖν ἐξ ἁμαρτιῶν μετανενοηκόσι καὶ μὴ στερεῶς πεπιστευκόσι διὰ τῶν δεήσεων παρέχει ὁ θεὸς τὰ αἰτήματα, τοῖς δ' ἀναμαρτήτως καὶ γνωστικῶς βιοῦσιν ἐννοησαμένοις μόνον δίδωσιν. αὐτίκα τῇ Ἄννῃ ἐννοηθείσῃ μόνον τοῦ παιδὸς ἐδόθη σύλληψις τοῦ Σαμουήλ. αἴτησαι, φησὶν ἡ γραφή, καὶ ποιήσω· ἐννοήθητι καὶ δώσω. καρδιογνώστην γὰρ τὸν θεὸν παρειλήφαμεν, οὐκ ἐκ κινήματος ψυχῆς τεκμαιρόμενον καθάπερ ἡμεῖς οἱ ἄνθρωποι, ἀλλ' οὐδὲ ἐκ τοῦ ἀποβαίνοντος (γελοῖον γὰρ οὕτως νοεῖν), οὐδέ, ὡς ὁ ἀρχιτέκτων γενόμενον τὸ ἔργον ἐπῄνεσε, καὶ ὁ θεὸς οὕτως ποιήσας τὸ φῶς, ἔπειτα ἰδών, καλὸν εἶπεν· ὃ δέ, καὶ πρὶν ἢ ποιῆσαι, οἷον ἔσται, εἰδώς, τοῦτο ἐπῄνεσεν· τὸ [δ'] ἐγένετο δυνάμει ποιοῦντος καλὸν ἄνωθεν διὰ τῆς ἀνάρχου προθέσεως τὸ ἐσόμενον ἐνεργείᾳ καλόν. αὐτίκα τὸ ἐσόμενον ἤδη προεῖπεν εἶναι καλόν, τῆς φράσεως ὑπερβατῷ κρυψάσης τὴν ἀλήθειαν. Εὔχεται τοίνυν ὁ γνωστικὸς καὶ κατὰ τὴν ἔννοιαν πᾶσαν τὴν ὥραν, δι' ἀγάπης οἰκειούμενος τῷ θεῷ. καὶ τὰ μὲν πρῶτα ἄφεσιν ἁμαρτιῶν αἰτήσεται, μετὰ δὲ τὸ μηκέτι ἁμαρτάνειν ἔτι τὸ εὖ ποιεῖν δύνασθαι καὶ πᾶσαν τὴν κατὰ τὸν κύριον δημιουργίαν τε καὶ οἰκονομίαν συνιέναι, ἵνα δή, καθαρὸς τὴν καρδίαν γενόμενος, δι' ἐπιγνώσεως τῆς διὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ τοῦ θεοῦ πρόσωπον πρὸς πρόσωπον τὴν μακαρίαν θέαν μυηθῇ, ἐπακούσας τῆς λεγούσης γραφῆς ἀγαθὸν νηστεία μετὰ προσευχῆς· νηστεῖαι δὲ ἀποχὰς κακῶν μηνύουσιν πάντων ἁπαξαπλῶς, τῶν τε κατ' ἐνέργειαν καὶ κατὰ λόγον καὶ κατὰ τὴν διάνοιαν αὐτήν. ὡς ἔοικεν οὖν ἡ δικαιοσύνη τετράγωνός ἐστι, πάντοθεν ἴση καὶ ὁμοία ἐν λόγῳ, ἐν ἔργῳ, ἐν ἀποχῇ κακῶν, ἐν εὐποιίᾳ, ἐν τελειότητι γνωστικῇ, οὐδαμῇ οὐδαμῶς χωλεύουσα, ἵνα μὴ ἄδικός τε καὶ ἄνισος φανῇ. ᾗ μὲν οὖν τίς ἐστι δίκαιος, πάντως οὗτος καὶ πιστός, ᾗ δὲ πιστός, οὐδέπω καὶ δίκαιος, τὴν κατὰ προκοπὴν καὶ τελείωσιν δικαιοσύνην λέγω, καθ' ἣν ὁ γνωστικὸς δίκαιος λέγεται. αὐτίκα τῷ Ἀβραὰμ πιστῷ γενομένῳ ἐλογίσθη εἰς δικαιοσύνην, εἰς τὸ μεῖζον καὶ τελειότερον τῆς πίστεως προβεβηκότι. οὐ γὰρ ὁ ἀπεχόμενος μόνον τῆς κακῆς πράξεως δίκαιος, ἐὰν μὴ προσεξεργάσηται καὶ τὸ εὖ ποιεῖν καὶ τὸ γινώσκειν, δι' ἣν αἰτίαν τῶν μὲν ἀφεκτέον, τὰ δ' ἐνεργητέον. διὰ τῶν ὅπλων τῆς δικαιοσύνης τῶν δεξιῶν καὶ ἀριστερῶν φησὶν ὁ ἀπόστολος παραπέμπεσθαι τὸν δίκαιον εἰς κληρονομίαν τὴν ἄκραν, ὑπὸ μὲν τῶν πεφραγμένον, τοῖς δὲ καὶ ἐνεργοῦντα. οὐ γὰρ ἡ σκέπη μόνη τῆς παντευχίας καὶ ἡ τῶν ἁμαρτημάτων ἀποχὴ ἱκανὴ πρὸς τελείωσιν, εἰ μὴ προσλάβοι τὸ ἔργον τῆς δικαιοσύνης, τὴν εἰς εὐποιίαν ἐνέργειαν. τότε ὁ περιδέξιος ἡμῖν καὶ γνωστικὸς ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ ἀποκαλύπτεται, δεδοξασμένος ἤδη κἀνθένδε καθάπερ ὁ Μωυσῆς τὸ πρόσωπον τῆς ψυχῆς, ὅπερ ἐν τοῖς πρόσθεν ἰδίωμα χαρακτηριστικὸν τῆς δικαίας εἰρήκαμεν ψυχῆς. καθάπερ γὰρ τοῖς ἐρίοις ἡ στῦψις τῆς βαφῆς ἐμμείνασα τὴν ἰδιότητα καὶ παραλλαγὴν πρὸς τὰ λοιπὰ παρέχει ἔρια οὕτως κἀπὶ τῆς ψυχῆς ὁ μὲν πόνος παρῆλθεν, μένει δὲ τὸ καλόν, καὶ τὸ μὲν ἡδὺ καταλείπεται, ἀναμάσσεται δὲ τὸ αἰσχρόν. αὗται γὰρ ἑκατέρας ψυχῆς χαρακτηριστικαὶ ποιότητες, ἀφ' ὧν γνωρίζεται ἡ μὲν δεδοξασμένη, ἡ δὲ κατεγνωσμένη. ναὶ μὴν καθάπερ τῷ Μωυσεῖ ἐκ τῆς δικαιοπραγίας καὶ τῆς κατὰ τὸ συνεχὲς πρὸς τὸν θεὸν τὸν λαλοῦντα αὐτῷ ὁμιλίας ἐπίχροιά τις ἐπεκάθιζε τῷ προσώπῳ δεδοξασμένη, οὕτως καὶ τῇ δικαίᾳ ψυχῇ θεία τις ἀγαθωσύνης δύναμις κατά τε ἐπισκοπὴν κατά τε τὴν προφητείαν κατά τε τὴν διοικητικὴν ἐνέργειαν ἐγχριπτομένη οἷον ἀπαυγάσματος νοεροῦ καθάπερ ἡλιακῆς ἀλέας ἐναποσημαίνεταί τι, δικαιοσύνης σφραγῖδα ἐπιφανῆ, φῶς ἡνωμένον ψυχῇ δι' ἀγάπης ἀδιαστάτου, θεοφορούσης καὶ θεοφορουμένης. ἐνταῦθα ἡ ἐξομοίωσις ἡ πρὸς τὸν σωτῆρα θεὸν ἀνακύπτει τῷ γνωστικῷ, εἰς ὅσον ἀνθρωπίνῃ θεμιτὸν φύσει, γινομένῳ τελείῳ ὡς ὁ πατήρ, φησίν, ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς. αὐτός ἐστιν ὁ εἰπών· τεκνία, ἔτι μικρὸν μεθ' ὑμῶν εἰμι, ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ θεός, οὐχ ᾗ φύσει ἀγαθός ἐστι, ταύτῃ μένει μακάριος καὶ ἄφθαρτος, οὔτε πράγματ' ἔχων οὔτε ἄλλῳ παρέχων, ποιῶν δὲ ἰδίως ἀγαθά, θεὸς ὄντως καὶ πατὴρ ἀγαθὸς ὤν τε καὶ γινόμενος ἐν ἀδιαλείπτοις εὐποιίαις, ἐν ταὐτότητι τῆς ἀγαθωσύνης ἀπαραβάτως μένει. τί γὰρ ὄφελος ἀγαθοῦ μὴ ἐνεργοῦντος μηδὲ ἀγαθύνοντος;