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of them, O Gog." The nations now do not need Gog for instruction about the God of all things; for through the Lord Christ they have received this knowledge. But long ago, before the incarnation of the Lord, it needed such wonders. For when Sennacherib lost those many thousands in Judea, the nations came to know the God of all through the wonder. Therefore the blessed David also cries out: "God is known in Judea, His name is great in Israel." And when these nations were destroyed in Judea, all learned the power of the God of all things and moved their tongues to sing hymns. Therefore he says: "That all the nations may know me, when I am sanctified in you." That is, When I am glorified, my power having been made manifest. 17. Thus says Adonai the Lord to Gog: You are he of whom I spoke in former days by the hand of my servants the prophets of Israel, who prophesied in those days and years, that I would bring you against them. And Joel, and Hosea, and Micah, and the other prophets prophesied concerning these nations. For Hosea says: "And I will make a covenant for them on that day with the beasts of the field, and with the birds of the sky, and with the creeping things of the earth; and I will break bow, and sword, and war from the earth, and I will make you dwell in hope." And Joel, "Behold," he says, "I in those days, and at that time, 81.1208 when I restore the captivity of Judah and Jerusalem, I will also gather all the nations, and will bring them down into the valley of Jehoshaphat, and will plead with them there for my people, and my heritage Israel." But Micah speaks thus: "Be in pain, and be strong, O daughter of Zion, like a woman in travail: for now you shall go forth out of the city, and you shall dwell in the plain, and you shall come to Babylon; thence the Lord your God will deliver you from the hand of your enemies. And now many nations are gathered against you, who say: 'Let us rejoice, and our eyes will look upon Zion,' but they did not know the Lord’s reasoning, and they did not understand his counsel, for he has gathered them as sheaves of the threshing-floor. Arise and thresh them, O daughter of Zion, for I will make your horns iron, and I will make your hoofs bronze, and you shall break in them nations, and you shall destroy many peoples, and you shall dedicate their multitude to the Lord, and their strength to the Lord of all the earth." And Zechariah also says: "This is the word of the Lord to Zerubbabel, saying: 'Not by great power, nor by might, but by my Spirit,' says the Lord Almighty. 'Who are you, the great mountain before the face of Zerubbabel, to set things aright?'" From which it is clear that after the return these nations marched, and were destroyed by the divine hand. 18, 19. And it shall be in that day, in the day that Gog shall come upon the land of Israel, says Adonai the Lord, my wrath shall come up in my anger. And my zeal in the fire of my wrath; I have spoken to you, in that day there shall be a great earthquake upon the land of Israel. -He calls the magnitude of the matter an earthquake. For just as we all perceive the sensation of an earthquake with fear, so also the knowledge of great wonders. And it is not unlikely that an earthquake would also occur when punishment is brought upon the impious and beastly. And we will understand the wrath, and the anger, and the zeal, and the fire of the wrath, in a way befitting God. For he has set them down in human terms, signifying the punishment. And he says that not only men will be shaken by the fear of what has happened, but also the fish, and the birds, and the creeping things, and the beasts; and the mountains shall be rent, and the valleys shall be filled up, and the walls shall be destroyed. From which it is clear that he in fact called the earthquake an earthquake. For the earthquake inspires fear not only in the rational, but also in the irrational, and it rends mountains, so that from the detached fragments the valleys are blocked. And it demolishes walls, and buries cities, and in a word, experience is the teacher of this. 21. And I will summon against him a fear of the sword on all my mountains, says Adonai the Lord. Of the earthquake,

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αὐτῶν, ὦ Γώγ." Τὰ ἔθνη νῦν οὐ χρῄζει τοῦ Γὼγ εἰς διδασκαλίαν τοῦ τῶν ὅλων Θεοῦ· διὰ γὰρ τοῦ ∆εσπότου Χριστοῦ τὴν ἐπίγνωσιν ταύτην ἐδέξατο. Πάλαι δὲ, πρὸ τῆς τοῦ Κυρίου ἐνανθρωπήσεως, τῶν τοιούτων ἐδεῖτο θαυμά των. Καὶ γὰρ τοῦ Σενναχηρεὶμ ἐν τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ τὰς πολλὰς ἐκείνας ἀπωλέσαντος χιλιάδας, ἐπέγνω τὰ ἔθνη διὰ τοῦ θαύματος τὸν τῶν ἁπάντων Θεόν. ∆ιὸ καὶ ὁ μακάριος βοᾷ ∆αβίδ· "Γνωστὸς ἐν τῇ Ἰου δαίᾳ ὁ Θεὸς, ἐν τῷ Ἰσραὴλ μέγα τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ." Καὶ τῶν ἐθνῶν δὲ τούτων ἀναιρεθέντων ἐν τῇ Ἰουδαίᾳ, μαθόντες ἅπαντες τοῦ Θεοῦ τῶν ὅλων τὴν δύ ναμιν, εἰς ὑμνῳδίαν τὰς γλώσσας ἐκίνησαν. ∆ιό φησιν· "Ἵνα γνῷ με πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, ἐν τῷ ἁγιασθῆναί με ἐν σοί." Τουτέστιν, Ἐν τῷ δοξασθῆναί με δήλης μου τῆς δυνάμεως γενομένης. ιζʹ. Τάδε λέγει Ἀδωναῒ Κύριος τῷ Γώγ· Σὺ εἶ, περὶ οὗ ἐλάλησα πρὸ ἡμερῶν τῶν ἔμπροσθεν διὰ χειρὸς τῶν δούλων μου τῶν προφητῶν τοῦ Ἰσραὴλ, τῶν προφητευσάντων ἐν ταῖς ἡμέ ραις ἐκείναις καὶ ἔτεσι, τοῦ ἀναγαγεῖν σε ἐπ' αὐτούς. Καὶ Ἰωὴλ, καὶ Ὠσηὲ, καὶ Μιχαίας, καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι προφῆται περὶ τούτων τῶν ἐθνῶν προεθέσπι σαν. Ὠσηὲ μὲν γὰρ λέγει· "Καὶ διαθήσομαι αὐ τοῖς διαθήκην ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ, μετὰ τῶν θηρίων τοῦ ἀγροῦ, καὶ μετὰ τῶν πετεινῶν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ μετὰ τῶν ἑρπετῶν τῆς γῆς· καὶ τόξον, καὶ ῥομ φαίαν, καὶ πόλεμον συντρίψω ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς, καὶ κατ οικιῶ σε ἐπ' ἐλπίδι." Καὶ Ἰωὴλ δὲ, "Ἰδοὺ, φησὶν, ἐγὼ ἐν ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐκείναις, καὶ ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκεί 81.1208 νῳ, ὅταν ἐπιστρέψω τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν Ἰούδα καὶ Ἱερουσαλὴμ, καὶ συνάξω πάντα τὰ ἔθνη, καὶ κατάξω αὐτὰ εἰς τὴν κοιλάδα Ἰωσαφὰτ, καὶ διακριθήσομαι πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἐκεῖ ὑπὲρ τοῦ λαοῦ μου, καὶ τῆς κληρο νομίας μου Ἰσραήλ." Μιχαίας δὲ οὕτω φησίν· "Ὤδινε καὶ ἀνδρίζου, θύγατερ Σιὼν, ὡς τίκτουσα, διότι νῦν ἐξελεύσῃ ἐκ πόλεως, καὶ κατασκηνώσεις ἐν πεδίῳ, καὶ ἥξεις ἕως Βαβυλῶνος· ἐκεῖθεν ῥύσε ταί σε Κύριος ὁ Θεός σου ἐκ χειρὸς ἐχθρῶν σου. Καὶ νῦν ἐπισυνήχθη ἐπὶ σὲ ἔθνη πολλὰ, οἱ λέγοντες· Ἐπιχαρούμεθα, καὶ ἐπόψονται οἱ ὀφθαλμοὶ ἡμῶν ἐπὶ Σιὼν, καὶ αὐτοὶ οὐκ ἔγνωσαν τὸν λογισμὸν Κυρίου, καὶ οὐ συνῆκαν τὴν βουλὴν αὐτοῦ, ὅτι συνήγαγεν αὐτοὺς, ὡς δράγματα ἅλωνος. Ἀνάστηθι καὶ ἀλόα αὐτοὺς, θύγατερ Σιὼν, ὅτι τὰ κέρατά σου θήσομαι σιδηρᾶ, καὶ τὰς ὁπλάς σου θήσομαι χαλκᾶς, καὶ κατ άξεις ἐν αὐτοῖς ἔθνη, καὶ λεπτυνεῖς λαοὺς πολλοὺς, καὶ ἀναθήσεις τῷ Κυρίῳ πλῆθος αὐτῶν, καὶ τὴν ἰσχὺν αὐτῶν τῷ Κυρίῳ πάσης τῆς γῆς." Καὶ Ζα χαρίας δέ φησιν· "Οὗτος ὁ λόγος Κυρίου πρὸς Ζο ροβάβελ, λέγων· Οὐκ ἐν δυνάμει μεγάλῃ, οὐδὲ ἐν ἰσχύϊ, ἀλλ' ἐν Πνεύματί μου, λέγει Κύριος παντο κράτωρ. Τίς εἶ σὺ, τὸ ὄρος τὸ μέγα, τὸ πρὸ προσ ώπου Ζοροβάβελ, τοῦ κατορθῶσαι;" Ἐξ ὧν δῆλον, ὡς μετὰ τὴν ἐπάνοδον ἐπεστράτευσε τὰ ἔθνη ταῦτα, καὶ κατελύθη θείᾳ χειρί. ιηʹ, ιθʹ. Καὶ ἔσται ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ, ἐν ᾖ ἂν ἡμέρᾳ ἔλθῃ ὁ Γὼγ ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν Ἰσραὴλ, λέγει Ἀδωναῒ Κύριος, ἀναβήσεται ὁ θυμός μου ἐν ὀργῇ μου. Καὶ ὁ ζῆλός μου ἐν πυρὶ τῆς ὀργῆς μου· ἐλάλησα ὑμῖν, ἐν τῇ ἡμέρᾳ ἐκείνῃ ἔσται σει σμὸς μέγας ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς τοῦ Ἰσραήλ. -Σει σμὸν καλεῖ τὸ τοῦ πράγματος μέγεθος. Ὥσπερ γὰρ τοῦ σεισμοῦ τὴν αἴσθησιν ἅπαντες μετὰ δέους δεχό μεθα, οὕτω καὶ τῶν μεγάλων θαυμάτων τὴν γνῶσιν. Οὐδὲν δὲ ἀπεικὸς, καὶ σεισμὸν γενέσθαι τῆς τιμωρίας τοῖς δυσσεβέσι καὶ θηριώδεσιν ἐπαγομένης. Τὸν δὲ θυμὸν, καὶ τὴν ὀργὴν, καὶ τὸν ζῆλον, καὶ τὸ πῦρ τῆς ὀργῆς, θεοπρεπῶς νοήσομεν. Ἀνθρωπίνως γὰρ αὐτὰ τέθεικε τὴν τιμωρίαν παραδηλῶν. Λέγει δὲ σεισθήσεσθαι ἀπὸ τοῦ φόβου τῶν γεγονότων οὐ μόνον τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὺς ἰχθύας, καὶ τὰ πε τεινὰ, καὶ τὰ ἑρπετὰ, καὶ τὰ θηρία· τά τε ὄρη ῥα γήσεσθαι, καὶ τὰς φάραγγας συγχωσθήσεσθαι, καὶ τὰ τείχη διαλυθήσεσθαι. Ἐξ ὧν δῆλον, ὅτι σεισμὸν τῷ ὄντι τὸν σεισμὸν ἐκάλεσεν. Οὐ γὰρ μόνον τοῖς λο γικοῖς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς ἀλόγοις δέος ἐπιτίθησιν ὁ σει σμὸς, καὶ ὄρη διαῤῥήγνυσιν, ὡς ἐκ τῶν ἀποσχιζο μένων τμημάτων ἀποφράττεσθαι τὰς φάραγγας. Καὶ τείχη καταλύει, καὶ πόλεις συγχώννυσι, καὶ ἁπαξα πλῶς τούτου διδάσκαλος ἡ πεῖρα. καʹ. Καὶ συγκαλέσω ἐπ' αὐτὸν φόβον μαχαί ρας εἰς πάντα τὰ ὄρη μου, λέγει Ἀδωναῒ Κύριος. Τοῦ σεισμοῦ,