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and I give them the first-fruits for enjoyment, and the portions set aside from the sacrifices I have again assigned to them. For I am in need of nothing.

CHAPTER 45. And he commands that a certain land be set apart as a suburb for the priests; from

east to west, ten thousand cubits; and from north to south twenty-five thousand, so that, he says, having their tithes, and their first-fruits, and their firstborn, and the appointed portions of the sacrifices, and the consolation from the land, they may love what is just, and not strive for more, nor wrong the people, while enjoying self-sufficiency. Wherefore he added: 81.1237 9. Let it be sufficient for you, O rulers of Israel; cast off injustice and affliction, and execute judgment and justice, and remove oppression from the people, says the Lord Adonai. Then he legislates concerning balances, and weights, and measures, and says that these too are to be honored with equality and justice, and he commands that there be one measure for entry and exit. And he teaches us that the kor has ten gomor, and each gomor has ten choinikes, so that the kor is one hundred choinikes. And he says the ephah is equal in measure to the choinix. And he commands the mina to have fifty shekels, and each shekel twenty obols; and the ten kotylai of oil he calls a gomor, which he said is a tenth of a kor. And he commands that the first-fruit offering from wheat and from barley be a sixth of a gomor, which is called among us a hemimedimnos; for since the kor is thirty medimnoi, and the gomor is called a tenth of the kor, the gomor must be three medimnoi, and a sixth of three medimnoi is a hemimedimnos. He also ordered one kotyle to be offered from ten kotylai, and likewise the tithes of the sheep. All these things, he says, the people will give to the leader for the need of the sacrifices, so that both on the feasts and on the new moons, and on the Sabbaths the sacred rites may be fulfilled by him, and that God may be propitiated for the people. Then he teaches what is proper to do on the new moon of the tenth month, and what on the fourteenth, and what again in the seventh month. And the offering of fine flour he calls a sacrifice: "For you shall make, he says, a sacrifice of a cake for the calf, and a cake for the ram, and a hin of oil for the cake." And the hin I found as a hemina in the Syriac.

CHAPTER 46. And he commands that the gate looking towards the east, during the six

days of the week be closed, but on the Sabbath be opened for the entire day. When the priests, he says, are offering the sacrifices for the high priest, he himself shall stand at this gate, and as the sacrifice is being offered, standing at the vestibule he shall worship, and so he shall go out; and all the people, standing before this door, shall offer worship to God, both on the Sabbaths and on the new moons; but the high priest shall offer the whole burnt offering of the Sabbaths. For he calls him 'the leader'. He also states the number of the priests; and likewise he teaches what must be offered on the new moons. And he calls the sacrifice of fine flour 'manaa'; for so the Syriac has interpreted it. And he also commands those entering to worship God into the outer court, if they should enter from the gate to the north, to exit through the one facing south; but if from there 81.1240 they should make their entrance, to make their exit through the other, so that entering and exiting in order, they may offer worship to God without any disturbance; and let the high priest also be present when these things are happening, so that the worship may occur with greater reverence. And for all the people on the Sabbaths and on the

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καὶ τὰς ἀπαρχὰς αὐτοῖς εἰς ἀπόλαυσιν δίδωμι, καὶ τὰ ἀπὸ τῶν θυσιῶν ἀφοριζόμενα πάλιν αὐτοῖς ἀπένειμα. Ἐγὼ γὰρ ἀνεν δεής.

ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ ΜΕʹ. Κελεύει δὲ καὶ γῆν τινα ἀφορισθῆναι προάστειον τοῖς ἱερεῦσι· ἀπὸ μὲν

ἀνίσχοντος ἡλίου πρὸς ἑσπέ ραν, δέκα χιλιάδας πήχεων· ἀπὸ δὲ ἄρκτου πρὸς μεσημβρίαν εἴκοσι καὶ πέντε χιλιάδας, ὥστε, φησὶν, ἔχοντας αὐτοὺς τὰς δεκάτας, καὶ τὰς ἀπαρχὰς, καὶ τὰ πρωτότοκα, καὶ τῶν θυσιῶν τὰς ἀφωρισμένας μοίρας, καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς γῆς παραψυχὴν, στέργειν τὸ δίκαιον, καὶ τοῦ πλείονος μὴ ἐφίεσθαι, μηδὲ ἀδικεῖν τὸν λαὸν, τῆς αὐταρκείας ἀπολαύοντας. ∆ιὸ ἐπήγαγεν· 81.1237 θʹ. Ἱκανούσθω ὑμῖν, οἱ ἀφηγούμενοι τοῖ Ἰσ-ραήλ· ἀδικίαν καὶ ταλαιπωρίαν ἀποῤῥίψατε, καὶ κρῖμα καὶ δικαιοσύνην ποιήσατε, καὶ ἐξάρατε καταδυναστείαν ἀπὸ τοῦ λαοῦ, λέγει Ἀδωναῒ Κύριος. Εἶτα περὶ ζυγῶν, καὶ σταθμῶν, καὶ μέτρων νομοθετεῖ, καὶ λέγει καὶ ταῦτα ἰσότητι καὶ τῷ δικαίῳ τιμᾶσθαι, καὶ παρακελεύεται εἰσόδου καὶ ἐξόδου ἓν εἶναι μέτρον. Καὶ διδάσκει ἡμᾶς τὸν μὲν κόρον ἔχειν γομὸρ δέκα, ἕκαστον δὲ γομὸρ χοίνι κας δέκα, ὡς εἶναι τὸν κόρον χοινίκων ἑκατόν. Καὶ τὸ ὑφὶ δὲ λέγει ἰσόμετρον εἶναι τῷ χοίνικι. Καὶ τὴν μνᾶν παρακελεύεται ἔχειν σίκλους πεντήκοντα, ἕκα στον δὲ σίκλον ὀβολοὺς εἴκοσι· καὶ τὰς δέκα δὲ τοῦ ἐλαίου κοτύλας γομὸρ καλεῖ, ὅπερ ἔφη δέκατον εἶναι τοῦ κόρου. Κελεύει δὲ καὶ τὴν ἀπαρχὴν τὴν προσ φερομένην ἀπό τε πυρῶν, καὶ κριθῶν, τὸ ἕκτον ἔχειν τοῦ γομὸρ, τὸ καλούμενον παρ' ἡμῖν ἡμιμέδιμνον· τριάκοντα γὰρ μεδίμνων ὄντος τοῦ κόρου, τοῦ δὲ γομὸρ δέκατον κληθέντος τοῦ κόρου, ἀνάγκη τριῶν εἶναι μεδίμνων τὸ γομὸρ, τῶν δὲ τριῶν μεδίμνων τὸ ἕκτον ἡμιμέδιμνόν ἐστι. Προσέταξε δὲ καὶ ἀπὸ τῶν δέκα κοτυλῶν μίαν κοτύλην προσφέρεσθαι, καὶ τῶν προβάτων δὲ ὡσαύτως τὰς δεκάτας. Ταῦτα δὲ πάντα, φησὶ, δώσει ὁ λαὸς τῷ ἀφηγουμένῳ εἰς τὴν χρείαν τῶν θυσιῶν, ὡς κἀν ταῖς ἑορταῖς καὶ ταῖς νουμη νίαις, κἀν τοῖς Σάββασιν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ τὰς ἱερουργίας πληροῦσθαι, καὶ ἱλάσκεσθαι τὸν Θεὸν ὑπὲρ τοῦ λαοῦ. Εἶτα διδάσκει, τίνα προσήκει ποιεῖν τῇ νουμηνίᾳ τοῦ δεκάτου μηνὸς, καὶ τίνα τῇ τεσσαρεσκαιδεκάτῃ, καὶ τίνα πάλιν τῷ ἑβδόμῳ μηνί. Τὴν δὲ προσφερομένην σεμίδαλιν θυσίαν καλεῖ· "Καὶ θυσίαν γὰρ, φησὶ, πέμμα τῷ μόσχῳ, καὶ πέμμα τῷ κριῷ ποιήσεις, καὶ ἐλαίου τὸ ἲν τῷ πέμματι." Τὸ δὲ ἲν παρὰ τῷ Σύρῳ ἡμίναν εὗρον.

ΚΕΦΑΛΑΙΟΝ Μ ςʹ. Κελεύει δὲ καὶ τὴν πύλην τὴν πρὸς ἀνατολὰς βλέ πουσαν ἐν ταῖς ἓξ τῆς

ἑβδομάδος ἡμέραις κεκλεῖσθαι, ἐν δὲ τῷ Σαββάτῳ διὰ πάσης ἀνοίγνυσθαι τῆς ἡμέρας. Τῶν δὲ, φησὶν, ἱερέων τὰς ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἀρχιερέως προσ φερόντων θυσίας, αὐτὸς ἐπὶ τῆς πύλης στήσεται ταύτης, καὶ τῆς θυσίας προσφερομένης, ἑστὼς ἐπὶ τοῦ προθύρου προσκυνήσει, καὶ οὕτως ἐξελεύσεται· καὶ πᾶς δὲ ὁ λαὸς πρὸ ταύτης τῆς θύρας ἑστὼς προσοίσει τῷ Θεῷ τὴν προσκύνησιν, ἕν τε τοῖς Σάβ βασι, καὶ ἐν ταῖς νουμηνίαις· τὸ δὲ ὁλοκαύτωμα τῶν Σαββάτων ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς προσοίσει. Αὐτὸν γὰρ καλεῖ ἀφηγούμενον. Λέγει δὲ καὶ τῶν ἱερέων τὸν ἀριθμόν· ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ τίνα δεῖ ἐν ταῖς νουμηνίαις προσφέρειν διδάσκει. Τὸ δὲ μαναὰ τὴν τῆς σεμιδά λεως θυσίαν ἀποκαλεῖ· οὕτω γὰρ καὶ ὁ Σύρος ἡρ μήνευσε. Παρακελεύεται δὲ καὶ τοὺς εἰσιόντας εἰς προσκύνησιν τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰς τὴν ἐξωτέραν αὐλὴν, εἰ μὲν ἀπὸ τῆς πύλης τῆς πρὸς βοῤῥᾶν εἰσέλθοιεν, διὰ τῆς πρὸς μεσημβρίαν ὁρώσης ἐξιέναι· εἰ δὲ ἐντεῦθεν 81.1240 τὴν εἴσοδον ποιήσαιντο, διὰ τῆς ἑτέρας ποιεῖσθαι τὴν ἔξοδον, ὥστε κατὰ τάξιν αὐτοὺς εἰσιόντας καὶ ἐξιόν τας θορύβου δίχα παντὸς προσφέρειν τῷ Θεῷ τὴν προσκύνησιν· παρέστω δὲ καὶ ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς, τούτων γινομένων, ὥστε μετὰ πλείονος αἰδοῦς γενέσθαι τὴν προσκύνησιν. Καὶ παντὶ μὲν τῷ λαῷ ἐν τοῖς Σάββασι καὶ ἐν ταῖς