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But let us not deceive ourselves and, following after the desires of our flesh, commit fornication in our practices, setting ourselves up as teachers, and leaders and high priests and priests, becoming, clearly, contemptuous of God and of our own salvation. For if when Jesus said to Nicodemus: “Unless one is born from above, he cannot see the kingdom of God,” and Nicodemus answered him: “How can a man be born when he is old? Can he enter a second time into his mother’s womb and be born?”(363) Jesus rebuked him and said: “Are you the teacher of Israel and do not know these things?” even though he had not yet believed at all nor understood the things of grace, of how much condemnation, then, are we worthy, who, being teachers after grace, do not understand the mysteries of grace, who have enjoyed so much teaching and are daily taught and forewarned by apostles and prophets and teachers and the Lord Himself?

For if we do not know how we ought to conduct ourselves in this life, nor how we must first be nurtured in good works and present ourselves as slaves to righteousness, as standing before the Lord and not men, and having committed ourselves to serve the living God blamelessly, nor what sort and what kind of men we ought first to become and thus to preside over others, how, tell me, shall we be entrusted with the keeping and care of the Master's flock? How shall we shepherd it according to the will of the chief shepherd Christ and lead it out to ever-living pastures? But oh, the hardness of our hearts and our contempt for God and divine things! For like an asp stopping its ears, as if having become deaf and mute in the manner of the dead, and having the senses of our soul maimed, we have no perception of what is spoken, nor do we know what Christianity even is, but being ignorant of the mystery of the economy and not knowing precisely the mysteries of the Christians (364), yet as if concerning the light of knowledge, or rather, we shamelessly attempt to show the very light of knowledge to the many. Knowledge is not the light, but the light is knowledge, because in it and through it and from it are all things; whose vision we deny, making it clear that we have been neither born nor have come forth into the light from above, but still being embryos or, to speak more truly, abortions, we leap into the sacred places and mount the apostolic thrones and, what is indeed more grievous, most of us purchase the priesthood with money, without fear of God, and seek to preside over the royal flock as shepherds, we who have never even been lambs; and this, only to fill our own bellies like beasts and to accomplish all the other things that the impulse for the worse demands and the desire and appetite for lower things.

Were the apostles like this from the beginning, brothers? Were the successors of the apostles like this? Were our fathers and teachers like this? Alas for the terrible audacity of such men, that not only do they become betrayers of tangible possessions and sacrilegious, they who incline only towards the money-box, but they even dare to lay hands on the divine wealth itself, whence they are not even ashamed to say: “It is ours to bind and to loose, and this we have received from above in the present life.” O the shamelessness, not to mention the utmost madness! From whom, you sir, tell me, and why have you received this authority from above? Because, having left all things, you followed Christ? (365) Because you have despised earthly glory? Because you have become humble in spirit? Because, having sold all things, you have given to the poor? Because you have lost your own soul, that is, you have died to the world and have not found it in any desire of the flesh? Or have you too, like the disciples of Christ of old, heard from Him,

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Ἀλλά μηδέ ἐξαπατῶμεν ἑαυτούς ἡμᾶς καί, ὀπίσω τῶν τῆς σαρκός ἡμῶν θελημάτων ἀκολουθοῦντες, ἐκπορνεύσωμεν ἐν τοῖς ἐπιτηδεύμασιν ἡμῶν, διδασκάλους ἡμᾶς ἑαυτούς καθιστῶντες, ἡγούμενοί τε καί ἀρχιερεῖς καί ἱερεῖς ἐν καταφρονήσει Θεοῦ καί τῆς ἑαυτῶν σωτηρίας δηλονότι γενόμενοι. Εἰ γάρ εἰπόντος Ἰησοῦ τῷ Νικοδήμῳ· "Ἐάν μή τις γεννηθῇ ἄνωθεν, οὐ δύναται τήν βασιλείαν ἰδεῖν τοῦ Θεοῦ", καί τοῦ Νικοδήμου ἀνταποκριθέντος αὐτῷ· "Πῶς δύναται ἄνθρωπος γεννηθῆναι γέρων ὤν; Μή δύναται εἰς τήν κοιλίαν τῆς μητρός αὐτοῦ δεύτερον εἰσελθεῖν καί γεννηθῆναι;"(363) ἐμέμψατο αὐτόν ὁ Ἰησοῦς καί εἶπε· "Σύ εἶ ὁ διδάσκαλος τοῦ Ἰσραήλ καί ταῦτα οὐ γινώσκεις;" καίτοι μήπω μηδαμῶς πιστεύσαντος μηδέ τά τῆς χάριτος ἐπισταμένου, πόσης ἄρα κατακρίσεώς ἐσμεν ἡμεῖς ἄξιοι, οἱ μετά τήν χάριν ὄντες διδάσκαλοι καί μή τά μυστήρια τῆς χάριτος ἐπιστάμενοι, οἱ τοσαύτης ἀπολαύσαντες διδασκαλίας καί καθ᾿ ἑκάστην δι᾿ ἀποστόλων καί προφητῶν καί διδασκάλων καί αὐτοῦ τοῦ Κυρίου διδασκόμενοί τε καί προμαρτυρούμενοι;

Εἰ γάρ οὐκ οἴδαμεν πῶς δεῖ ἡμᾶς ἐν τῷδε τῷ βίῳ ἀναστρέφεσθαι, οὐδέ ὅπως ἐν ἔργοις πρότερον ἀγαθοῖς ἐντρέφεσθαι δεῖ καί παριστάνειν ἑαυτούς ἡμᾶς δούλους τῇ δικαιοσύνῃ, ὡς ἐνώπιον Κυρίου καί οὐκ ἀνθρώπων ἱσταμένους καί ἀμέμπτως Θεῷ δουλεύειν ζῶντι συνταξαμένους, οὐδέ ὁποῖοί τε καί ποταποί ὀφείλομεν πρῶτον γίνεσθαι καί οὕτω τῶν ἄλλων προΐστασθαι, πῶς εἰπέ μοι, τοῦ δεσποτικοῦ ποιμνίου τήν φυλακήν ἐγχειρισθῶμεν καί ἐπιμέλειαν; Πῶς ποιμάνωμεν αὐτό κατά τό θέλημα τοῦ ἀρχιποιμένος Χριστοῦ καί ἐπί νομάς ἐξαγάγωμεν αὐτό ἀειζώους; Ἀλλ᾿ ὤ τῆς πωρώσεως ἡμῶν καί τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ καί τῶν θείων καταφρονήσεως! Ὥσπερ γάρ ἀσπίς τά ὦτα βύσαντες, ὡσεί κωφοί τε καί ἄλαλοι γεγονότες δίκην νεκρῶν καί πεπηρωμένοι ὄντες τά τῆς ψυχῆς αἰσθητήρια, οὐδέ τῶν λαλουμένων λαμβάνομεν αἴσθησιν, οὐδ᾿ ὅτι ποτέ ἐστι χριστιανισμός ἐπιστάμεθα, ἀλλά καί τό τῆς οἰκονομίας μυστήριον ἀγνοοῦντες καί ἀκριβῶς τά τῶν χριστιανῶν (364) μυστήρια μή εἰδότες, ἀλλ᾿ ὡς περί τοῦ φωτός τῆς γνώσεως, μᾶλλον δέ αὐτό τό τῆς γνώσεως φῶς δεικνύειν τοῖς πολλοῖς ἀναισχύντως ἐπιχειροῦμεν. Ἡ γνῶσις οὐκ ἔστι τό φῶς, ἀλλά τό φῶς ἡ γνῶσις ὑπάρχει, ἐπειδή ἐν αὐτῷ καί δι᾿ αὐτοῦ καί ἐξ αὐτοῦ τά πάντα· οὗ ἡμεῖς τήν ὅρασιν ἀπαρνούμενοι, δήλους ἑαυτούς ποιοῦμεν μήτε γεννηθέντας μήτε εἰς φῶς τό ἄνωθεν προελθόντας, ἀλλ᾿ ἔτι ἔμβρυα ὄντες ἤ ἐκτρώματα, εἰπεῖν ἀληθέστερον, τοῖς ἱερεῖς τόποις ἐπιπηδῶμεν καί τῶν ἀποστολικῶν ἐπιβατεύομεν θρόνων καί, τό δή χαλεπώτερον, χρήμασιν οἱ πλείους τήν ἱερωσύνην ἀφοβίᾳ Θεοῦ ἐξωνούμεθα καί τῆς βασιλικῆς ποίμνης ὡς ποιμένες, οἱ μηδέ ἄρνες ποτέ γεγονότες, ζητοῦμεν προΐστασθαι· καί ταῦτα πρός τό μόνον ἐμπλῆσαι δίκην θηρῶν τάς ἑαυτῶν γαστέρας καί τἆλλα πάντα τελέσαι ὅσαπερ ἡ ἔφεσις τοῦ χείρονος ἀπαιτεῖ καί ἡ πρός τά κάτω ἐπιθυμία καί ὄρεξις.

Οὕτως ὑπῆρχον ἐξ ἀρχῆς, ἀδελφοί, οἱ ἀπόστολοι; Οὕτως οἱ τῶν ἀποστόλων διάδοχοι; Οὕτως οἱ πατέρες ἡμῶν καί διδάσκαλοι; Βαβαί τῆς τόλμης τῶν τοιούτων τῆς φοβερᾶς, ὅτι οὐ μόνον εἰς τά χρήματα προδόται τά αἰσθητά καί ἱερόσυλοι γίνονται, οἱ πρός μόνον τό γλωσσόκομον ἀπονεύοντες, ἀλλα καί αὐτοῦ τοῦ θείου πλούτου κατατολμῶσιν ἐφάψασθαι, ὅθεν οὐδέ αἰσχύνονται λέγειν· "Ἡμέτερόν ἐστι τό δεσμεῖν καί λύειν, καί τοῦτο κατά τήν παροῦσαν ἐλάβομεν ζωήν ἡμεῖς ἄνωθεν". Ὤ τῆς ἀναισχυντίας, ἵνα μή λέγω τῆς ἐσχάτης παραπληξίας! Ἀπό τίνος, ὦ οὗτος, εἰπέ μοι, καί διατί τήν ἐξουσίαν ταύτην ἄνωθεν ἔλαβες; Ὅτι πάντα καταλιπών τῷ Χριστῷ ἠκολούθησας; (365) Ὅτι τῆς ἐπιγείου δόξης καταπεφρόνηκας; Ὅτι ταπεινός τῷ πνεύματι γέγονας; Ὅτι πάντα πωλήσας τοῖς πένησι δέδωκας; Ὅτι τήν σεαυτοῦ ψυχήν ἀπώλεσας ἤτοι τῷ κόσμῳ ἐνέκρωσας καί ἐν οὐδενί σαρκός θελήματι ταύτην εὕρηκας; Ἤ καί σύ, ὥσπερ πάλαι οἱ μαθηταί τοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἤκουσας παρ᾿ αὐτοῦ,