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(378) If, then, what God says and all the saints first did completely, and then wrote and left behind for our admonition, is impossible for us to do in deed and to keep without fail, why is it that they both labored then and wrote, and now these things are read in church? Those who say these things close the heaven which Christ opened for us, and they cut off the ascent to him, which he himself renewed for us. For while he, the God over all, stands as it were at the gate of heaven above, and peers through, and is seen by the faithful, and through the holy Gospel cries out and says: "Come to me, all you who labor and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest," these who are opposed to God or, rather, antichrists, say: "This is impossible, impossible! ".

To whom the Master rightly says with a loud voice: "Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees! Woe to you, blind guides of the blind, for you neither enter the kingdom yourselves, nor do you permit those who want to enter". While He openly blesses those who now mourn, these men say it is impossible for anyone to mourn and weep every day. O the insensibility and the unbridled mouth, that sends forth foul words against the Most High God and causes Christ's sheep, for whom the Only-Begotten Son of God himself shed his blood, to become prey to wild beasts. Truly, David the forefather of God (379) says well concerning such people: "Sons of men, whose teeth are weapons and arrows, and their tongue a sharp sword".

For why, tell me, is it impossible? And by what else did the saints shine upon the earth and become luminaries in the world? If it were impossible, not even they would ever have been able to accomplish these things. For they too were human beings, just as we are, and they possessed nothing more than we, except a good intention, zeal and patience and humility and love for God. Therefore, you too acquire these things, and your soul which is now stony will become for you a fountain of tears. But if you do not wish to be afflicted and distressed, at least do not say the thing is impossible. For he who says this denies purification; for from the beginning of time it has not been heard that a soul which has sinned after baptism was cleansed from the filth of sin without tears. For through baptism God took away every tear from the face of the earth, pouring out his Holy Spirit richly. But, as I have heard from the divine Scripture, even in baptism itself some adults being baptized, being moved to compunction by the coming of the Spirit, wept; not painful and grievous tears, but by the energy of the Holy Spirit and by His gift, sweet beyond honey, emptying these out through the eyes somehow without effort and without a sound. Therefore, those who have once been deemed worthy to have experience of such tears will know what has been said and will bear witness (380) that these things are true, as the theological voice will also bear witness with me. For he says: "Let one bring this, and another that," and after enumerating many things in between, after all of them he cried out: "All bring tears, all bring purification, all bring ascent and the stretching forward to what lies ahead".

Did he then distinguish or separate any from the others in this, and say to some that this is possible, but to others that it is impossible? Did the great Gregory also say this—as you say foolishly, so that I may deservedly rebuke you, uncircumcised in heart and ears—that some have been allotted a hard nature and could never be moved to compunction and weep? May it not be so! There is no human nature that does not naturally have tears and weeping and mourning; neither did this saint, nor any other of the saints, say or write this. But that weeping belongs to all of us by nature, let the newborn infants themselves teach you. For as soon as they come forth from the womb and fall upon the earth, they weep, and this is shown to the midwives and mothers as a sign of life. For if the infant does not weep, it is not said to be alive; having wept

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(378) Εἰ οὖν ἅ ὁ Θεός λέγει καί πάντες οἱ ἅγιοι πρῶτον μέν ἅπαντα ἔπραξαν, εἶτα καί γράψαντες εἰς νουθεσίαν ἡμῶν κατέλιπον, ἀδύνατον ἡμῖν ἔργῳ ταῦτα ποιῆσαι καί ἀπαραλείπτως φυλάξαι, τί ὅτι καί τότε ἐκεῖνοι κοπιάσαντες ἔγραψαν καί νῦν ἐπί ἐκκλησίας ἀναγινώσκονται; Οἱ ταῦτα λέγοντες τόν οὐρανόν, ὅν ὁ Χριστός ἡμῖν ἤνοιξε, κλείουσι καί τήν πρός ἐκεῖνον ἄνοδον, ἥν αὐτός ἐκεῖνος ἡμῖν ἐνεκαίνισε, διακόπτουσιν. Ἄνωθεν γάρ ἐκείνου τοῦ ἐπί πάντων Θεοῦ πρός τῇ πύλῃ οἱονεί τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἱσταμένου καί διακύπτοντος καί ὑπό τῶν πιστῶν ὁρωμένου καί διά τοῦ ἁγίου Εὐαγγελίου βοῶντος καί λέγοντος· "∆εῦτε πρός με πάντες οἱ κοπιῶντες καί πεφορτισμένοι κἀγώ ἀναπαύσω ὑμᾶς", οἱ ἀντίθεοι οὗτοι ἤ, μᾶλλον εἰπεῖν, ἀντίχριστοι λέγουσιν· "Ἀδύνατον τοῦτο, ἀδύνατον! ".

Πρός οὕς εἰκότως ὁ ∆εσπότης μεγαλοφώνως φησίν· "Οὐαί ὑμῖν, γραμματεῖς καί φαρισαῖοι ! Οὐαί ὑμῖν ὁδηγοί τυφλοί τυφλῶν, ὅτι ὑμεῖς εἰς τήν βασιλείαν οὐκ εἰσέρχεσθε καί τούς θέλοντας εἰσελθεῖν κωλύετε". Ἐκείνου τούς νῦν πενθοῦντας ἀναφανδόν μακαρίζοντος, οὗτοι ἀδύνατον φασιν καθ᾿ ἑκάστην πενθεῖν καί κλαίειν τινά. Ὤ τῆς ἀναισθησίας καί τοῦ ἀπυλώτου στόματος, μιαράς ἐκπέμποντος κατά τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ Ὑψίστου φωνάς καί τά τοῦ Χριστοῦ πρόβατα ποιοῦντος γίνεσθαι θηριάλωτα, ὑπέρ ὧν αὐτός ὁ Μονογενής Υἱός τοῦ Θεοοῦ τό αἷμα ἐκένωσεν. Ὄντως καλῶς περί τῶν τοιούτων ὁ θεοπάτωρ (379) λέγει ∆αυίδ· "Υἱοί ἀνθρώπων, οἱ ὀδόντες αὐτῶν ὅπλα καί βέλη· καί ἡ γλῶσσα αὐτῶν μάχαιρα ὀξεῖα".

∆ιατί γάρ, εἰπέ μοι, ἀδύνατον; ∆ιά τίνος δέ ἄλλου οἱ ἅγιοι ἐπί τῆς γῆς ἔλαμψαν καί φωστῆρες ἐν κόσμῳ γεγόνασιν; Εἰ ἦν ἀδύνατον, οὐδ᾿ ἄν ἐκεῖνοι ταῦτα κατορθῶσαί ποτε ἠδυνήθησαν. Ἄνθρωποι γάρ ὑπῆρχον κἀκεῖνοι, ὡς καί ἡμεῖς, καί οὐδέν πλέον ἡμῶν ἐκέκτηντο, εἰ μή προαίρεσιν εἰς τό ἀγαθόν, σπουδήν τε καί ὑπομονήν καί ταπείνωσιν καί ἀγάπην πρός τόν Θεόν. Ταῦτα τοιγαροῦν κτῆσαι καί αὐτός, καί γενήσεταί σοι πηγή δακρύων ἡ νυνί πετρώδης ὑπάρχουσα ψυχή. Εἰ δέ σύ μή θέλεις θλιβῆναι καί στενοχωρηθῆναι, κἄν τό πρᾶγμα μή λέγε εἶναι ἀδύνατον. Ὁ γάρ τοῦτο λέγων ἀπαρνεῖται τήν κάθαρσιν· χωρίς γάρ δακρύων οὐκ ἠκούσθη ἀπό τοῦ αἰῶνος καθαρθῆναι ψυχήν τοῦ ῥύπου τῆς ἁμαρτίας, τήν μετά τό βάπτισμα ἁμαρτήσασαν. ∆ιά γάρ τοῦ βαπτίσματος ἀφεῖλεν ὁ Θεός πᾶν δάκρυον ἀπό προσώπου τῆς γῆς, ἐκχέας τό Πνεῦμα τό Ἅγιον αὐτοῦ πλουσίως. Ἀλλά, ὡς παρά τῆς θείας Γραφῆς ἀκήκοα, καί ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ βαπτίσματι ἡλικιῶταί τινες βαπτιζόμενοι, τῇ ἐπελεύσει κατανυγέντες τοῦ Πνεύματος, ἐδάκρυσαν· οὐχί ἐνώδυνα καί ἐπίπονα δάκρυα, ἀλλ᾿ ἐνεργείᾳ τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος καί δωρεᾷ τῇ ἐκείνου γλυκέα ὑπέρ μέλι, ἀπονητί πως καί ἀψοφητί διά τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν ταῦτα κενώσαντες. Οἱ οὖν καταξιωθέντες ποτέ ἐν πείρᾳ τοιούτων δακρύων γενέσθαι τά εἰρημένα γνωρίσουσι καί ἀληθῆ ταῦτα εἶναι (380) συμμαρτυρήσουσιν, ὥς μοι καί ἡ θεολόγος συμμαρτυρήσει φωνή. Φησί γάρ· "Προσφερέτω τις, ὁ μέν τόδε, ὁ δέ τόδε", καί πολλά ἐν μέσῳ ἀπαριθμησάμενος, ὕστερον πάντων ἐβόησε· "Πάντες δάκρυα, πάντες κάθαρσιν, πάντες ἀνάβασιν καί τό τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν ἐπεκτείνεσθαι".

Μή τι οὖν διεστείλατο ἤ διεχώρισεν ἐν τούτῳ τῶν ἄλλων τινάς, καί τοῖς μέν ὡς δυνατόν εἶναι τοῦτο ἔφησε, τοῖς δέ ὡς ἀδύνατον; Μή, ὡς ὑμεῖς φατε ἀσυνέτως ἵνα καί ἀξίως καθάψωμαι ὑμῶν, ἀπερίτμητοι ταῖς καρδίαις καί τοῖς ὠσίν , ὅτι τινές ἔλαχον φύσεως σκληρᾶς καί οὐκ ἄν ποτε δυνηθεῖεν κατανυγῆναι καί κλαῦσαι, τοῦτο καί ὁ μέγας Γρηγόριος εἴρηκε; Μή γένοιτο! Οὔτε φύσις ἀνθρώπου ἐστί μή φυσικῶς ἔχουσα μᾶλλον τά δάκρυα καί τό κλαίειν καί τό πενθεῖν, οὔτε ὅ ἅγιος οὗτος, οὔτε ἕτερός τις τῶν ἁγίων, τοῦτο εἶπεν ἤ ἔγραψεν. Ὅτι δέ ἐκ φύσεως τό κλαίειν πᾶσιν ἡμῖν πρόσεστιν, αὐτά τά γεννώμενα βρέφη σε διδαξάτωσαν. Ἅμα γάρ τῷ προελθεῖν τῆς γαστρός καί πεσεῖν ἐπί τῆς γῆς κλαίουσι, καί τοῦτο σημεῖον ζωῆς ταῖς μαίαις καί ταῖς μητράσιν ἐνδείκνυται. Εἰ γάρ μή κλαύσει τό βρέφος, οὐδέ ζῆν λέγεται· κλαῦσαν