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He who legislated for us to turn the other cheek also to him who strikes (338) us on the right cheek, and to him who wishes to sue us and take our tunic to give him our cloak as well, and not to ask back from him who takes what is ours, how could He have commanded the one who is to shepherd His sheep about taking revenge at all for any earthly matter, or to be concerned in any way with the cares of this life, or to cast the sheep into such anxieties and undertakings, from which the shepherd himself was first commanded to abstain? Not at all. And this the apostles confirmed by their own deeds after the Lord's ascension into heaven. For not only did they take no thought at all for their own needs and those of the disciples with them, but they did not even deign to manage the very money that was offered by those who believed in our Lord Jesus Christ and laid at their feet, or to make provision for the brethren in matters of food and clothing. For they said, it says, to the people: "It is not right for us to neglect the word of God to serve tables. Let us appoint capable men for this task, while we will devote ourselves to prayer and to the ministry of the word."

Since, then, it has been demonstrated that we have been commanded to be anxious about no earthly matter at all, not even about our own necessary needs, nor to seek revenge either for ourselves or for our brethren when they are wronged and mistreated by certain people, come let us examine what was said by the Lord to the chief of the apostles: "If you love me," he says, "more than these, feed my sheep." I know that from what has been said this has become clear and many of the prudent have perhaps already understood the power of the saying, but it is necessary for us also to say a few things to your love for the sake of those who do not know.

Therefore, to shepherd is nothing other than the care (339) of the shepherded through word and teaching; and this Christ Himself showed when he spoke thus to Peter: "How many times Satan has asked to sift you like wheat? And I have prayed for you, that your faith may not fail." Then He added this, saying to him: "And you, when you have turned back, strengthen your brothers." What then is "strengthen your brothers"? From the example, He says, in you, fully convince them never to be turned to despair, if it should happen that they sin in any way. For what is worse, he says, than to deny me, the Master of all? But when you repented and wept bitterly, I immediately deemed you worthy of sympathy and, though you were unable to speak freely, I called you to myself on the mountain with the rest of the disciples and did not reproach you for this even with a single word. Therefore, you too, having turned back, strengthen your brothers; feed my sheep. And you will shepherd them not by leading them in and out from pasture to pasture and keeping them well-fed and fat in body, nor by enclosing them with fences and walls, but by teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you, not observing some things and despising others, but keeping all that I have commanded you. "For go," He says, "and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you." And he adds: "He who believes and is baptized will be saved, but he who does not believe will be condemned."

"Feed my sheep." The shepherd of irrational sheep does not care for farming, or business, or a house, or bountiful tables, or glory, or honor; he is not anxious about any other matter of this life, nor to cling (340) to these things

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ἡμῖν νομοθετήσας τῷ τύπτοντι (338) εἰς τήν δεξιάν σιαγόνα καί στρέφειν αὐτῷ καί τήν ἄλλην, καί τῷ θέλοντι κριθῆναι καί λαβεῖν ἡμῶν τόν χιτῶνα ἀφεῖναι τούτῳ καί τό ἱμάτιον καί μή ἀπαιτεῖν τῷ αἴροντι τά ἡμέτερα, πῶς περί ἐκδικήσεως ὅλως γηΐνου τινός πράγματος τῷ ποιμαίνειν μέλλοντι τά πρόβατα αὐτοῦ προσέταξεν, ἤ μερίμνης βιωτικῆς ποσῶς ἅπτεσθαι, ἤ τά πρόβατα εἰς τοιαύτας ἐμβάλλειν φροντίδας καί ἐγχειρήσεις, ὧν αὐτός πρῶτος ὁ ποιμήν προσετάγη ἀπέχεσθαι; Οὐδαμῶς. Καί τοῦτο μετά τήν εἰς οὐρανούς τοῦ Κυρίου ἀνάληψιν αὐτοῖς ἔργοις οἱ ἀπόστολοι ἐβεβαίωσαν. Οὐ μόνον γάρ οὐδέν ὅλως εἰς χρείαν αὐτῶν τε καί τῶν παρ᾿ αὐτοῖς μαθητευομένων ἐφρόντισαν, ἀλλ᾿ οὐδέ αὐτά τά παρά τῶν πιστευόντων εἰς τόν Κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν προσφερόμενα καί παρά τούς πόδας αὐτῶν προτιθέμενα χρήματα ὅλως αὐτοί καταδέξαντο διοικεῖν καί τήν τῶν ἀδελφῶν πρόνοιαν εἰς τροφάς καί ἐνδύσεις ποιεῖσθαι. Εἶπον γάρ, φησί, πρός τόν λαόν· «Οὐ δίκαιόν ἐστιν ἡμᾶς καταλείψαντας τόν λόγον τοῦ Θεοῦ διακονεῖν τραπέζαις. Καταστήσωμεν δέ ἐπί τούτῳ ἄνδρας ἱκανούς, ἡμεῖς δέ τῇ εὐχῇ καί τῇ διακονίᾳ τοῦ λόγου προσκαρτερήσωμεν».

Ἐπεί οὖν ἀποδέδεικται μηδέν ὅλως περί γηΐνου πράγματος προστετάχθαι μεριμνᾶν ἡμᾶς μηδέ περί αὐτῆς τῆς ἀναγκαίας χρείας ἡμῶν, μήτε δέ διεκδικεῖν ἤ ἡμᾶς αὐτούς ἤ τούς ἀδελφούς ἡμῶν ἀδικουμένους καί ἐπηρεαζομένους παρά τινων, φέρε δή ἐξετάσωμεν τί ἐστι τό ῥηθέν παρά τοῦ Κυρίου τῷ κορυφαίῳ τῶν ἀποστόλων· «Εἰ φιλεῖς με, φησί, πλεῖον τούτων, ποίμαινε τά πρόβατά μου». Οἶδα δέ ὅτι ἐκ τῶν εἰρημένων σαφές τοῦτο γέγονε καί πολλοί τῶν συνετῶν ἴσως ἔγνωσαν ἤδη τοῦ λόγου τήν δύναμιν, ἀλλά δεῖ καί ἡμᾶς διά τούς ἀγνοοῦντας μικρά τινα πρός τήν ὑμετέραν ἀγάπην εἰπεῖν.

Οὐδέν τοιγαροῦν ἕτερόν ἐστι τό ποιμαίνειν εἰ μή ἡ διά (339) τοῦ λόγου καί τῆς διδασκαλίας τῶν ποιμαινομένων ἐπιμέλεια· καί τοῦτο αὐτός ἔδειξεν ὁ Χριστός οὕτως τῷ Πέτρῳ εἰπών· «Ποσάκις ᾐτήσατο ὁ Σατανᾶς σινιᾶσαί σε ὡς τόν σῖτον; Κἀγώ ἐδεήθην περί σοῦ, ἵνα μή ἐκλείπῃ ἡ πίστις σου». Εἶτα προσέθετο καί τοῦτο εἰπεῖν πρός αὐτόν· «Καί σύ οὖν ἐπιστρέψας ποτέ, στήριξον τούς ἀδελφούς σου». Τί οὖν ἐστι τό «στήριξον τούς ἀδελφούς σου»; Ἐκ τοῦ εἰς σέ, φησίν, ὑποδείγματος, πληροφόρησον μηδέποτε εἰς ἀπόγνωσιν καταστρέφεσθαι, εἴ τι δ᾿ ἄν καί συμβῇ αὐτοῖς ἁμαρτῆσαι. Τί γάρ χεῖρον, φησί, τοῦ ἀρνήσασθαί με τόν τῶν ἁπάντων δεσπότην; Ἀλλά μεταμεληθέντα καί πικρῶς κλαύσαντα εὐθύς τῆς συμπαθείας σε ἠξίωσα καί ἀπαρρησίαστον ὄντα πρός ἐμαυτόν μετά καί τῶν λοιπῶν μαθητῶν ἐν τῷ ὄρει ἐκάλεσα καί οὐδέ λόγῳ σοι μόνῳ ὑπέρ τούτου ὠνείδισα. Λοιπόν οὖν καί σύ ἐπιστρέψας στήριξον τούς ἀδελφούς σου· ποίμανον τά πρόβατά μου. Ποιμανεῖς δέ οὐκ ἐν τῷ εἰσάγειν καί ἐξάγειν ἀπό νομῶν εἰς νομάς καί εὔτροφα καί πίονα ταῦτα τῷ σώματι συντηρεῖν, οὐδ᾿ ἐν τῷ περικλείειν φραγμοῖς καί τοίχοις, ἀλλ᾿ ἐν τῷ διδάσκειν αὐτά τηρεῖν πάντα ὅσα ἐνετειλάμην ὑμῖν, οὐ τά μέν τηρεῖν, τῶν δέ καταφρονεῖν, ἀλλά πάντα φυλάττειν ὅσα ἐνετειλάμην ὑμῖν. «Πορευθέντες γάρ, φησί, μαθητεύσατε πάντα τά ἔθνη, βαπτίζοντες αὐτούς εἰς τό ὄνομα τοῦ Πατρός καί τοῦ Υἱοῦ καί τοῦ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος, διδάσκοντες αὐτούς τηρεῖν πάντα ὅσα ἐνετειλάμην ὑμῖν». Καί ἐπιφέρει· «Ὁ πιστεύσας καί βαπτισθείς σωθήσεται, ὁ δέ ἀπιστήσας κατακριθήσεται».

«Ποίμανε τά πρόβατά μου». Ὁ ποιμήν τῶν ἀλόγων προβάτων οὐ γεωργίας, οὐ πραγματείας, οὐκ οἰκίας, οὐκ εὐθηνουσῶν τραπεζῶν, οὐ δόξης, οὐ τιμῆς φροντίζει· οὐδέν ἑτερον τῶν βιωτικῶν μεριμνᾷ πραγμάτων, οὐδέ ἀντέχεσθαι (340) τούτων