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from behind, by a shout, they indicated to those after them what they had heard, so that in a short time even the enemies further away heard, and all came together quickly to the same place. Surrounding the small building in a circle and heaping a great deal of wood around it, they set it on fire; and immediately the flame, driven as it happened by a favorable wind, went through the wood. At the same time, the things stored in the building caught fire and burned the emperor himself and those around him. He died being about fifty years old, having reigned for thirteen years with his brother, and three after him.

7.t.1 ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF HERMIAS SOZOMENUS SCHOLASTICUS BOOK SEVEN

7.1.1 Thus, then, it came to pass that Valens died; but the barbarians, elated by the victory, again plundered Thrace and finally overran the suburbs of Constantinople. When matters were then in peril, a few sent by Mavia from among the allied Saracens, and a great many from the people, became a great help. For as Domnica, the wife of Valens, provided them with a stipulated pay from the public treasury, each armed himself as he could and went out against them, and defending themselves against the enemy, they drove them far from the city. But Gratian, who was ruling the entire Roman empire together with his brother, not approving of his uncle’s opinion which he had persistently held concerning those who thought differently from him, restored the right of return to all those who had been condemned by him to exile on account of religion, and he enacted a law that everyone should worship as they wished and hold assemblies, except for the Manichaeans and the followers of Photinus and Eunomius. 7.2.1 But considering that, since the barbarians around the Ister were harassing the Illyrians and Thracians, it was fitting to help, and it was also necessary to be present in the western parts of the empire, especially with the Alamanni doing harm to the Gauls there, he made Theodosius a partner in the empire at Sirmium, a man of the Iberian race from around the Pyrenees mountain, both a patrician and one who had often conducted himself most excellently in wars, so that even before his reign he seemed suitable for rule in the opinions of his subjects. At this time, except for Jerusalem, the followers of Arius still controlled the churches throughout the East. But the Macedonians, and especially those in Constantinople, after the agreements with Liberius, did not differ greatly from those who praised the doctrine of those who assembled at Nicaea; and as holding the same opinion, they mingled in the cities and held communion with each other. But after the law enacted by Gratian, some of the bishops of this heresy, taking advantage of the license, took possession of the churches from which they had been deprived under Valens. And having assembled in Antioch in Caria, they decreed that it was not necessary to call the Son "homoousios" with the Father, but "homoiousios" as before. From this, some separated and held church separately, while others, condemning the opposition and contentiousness of those who had decreed these things, withdrew from them and were more firmly in agreement with those who worshipped according to the doctrine of the synod of Nicaea. Of the bishops who at that time returned according to the law of Gratian from the exile that had befallen them during the reign of Valens, some cared nothing for the presidency, but preferring the concord of the peoples, they begged those of the Arian heresy not to abandon them nor to cut up the church by dissension, which, having been handed down as one from God and the apostles, contentions and love of presidency had divided into many. Of this zeal was also Eulalius, the bishop in Amaseia near Pontus; it is said, at least, that after his return he found another presiding over his church, one of the Arian bishops, and that those who obeyed him in the city were not in all

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ὄπισθεν βοῇ τοῖς μετ' αὐτοὺς ἐδήλουν ὃ ἤκουον, ὡς ἐν βραχεῖ καὶ τοὺς πορρωτέρω πολε6.40.5 μίους ἀκοῦσαι καὶ διὰ τάχους εἰς ταὐτὸν πάντας συνελθεῖν. περιλαβόντες δὲ κύκλῳ τὸ δωμάτιον καὶ πλείστην ὕλην περὶ τοῦτο νήσαντες πῦρ ἐνέβαλον· αὐτίκα δὲ ἡ φλὸξ ὑπὸ ἐπιφόρου πνεύματος ὧδε συμβὰν ἐλαυνομένη τὴν ὕλην διῆλθεν. ἅμα δὲ καὶ τὰ ἀποκείμενα ἐν τῷ δωματίῳ τοῦ πυρὸς μετέσχεν καὶ αὐτὸν τὸν βασιλέα καὶ τοὺς ἀμφ' αὐτὸν συγκατέκαυσεν. ἐτελεύτησε δὲ γεγονὼς ἀμφὶ τὰ πεντήκοντα ἔτη, τρισκαίδεκα δὲ σὺν τῷ ἀδελφῷ βασιλεύσας καὶ μετ' ἐκεῖνον τρία.

7.τ.1 ΕΡΜΕΙΟΥ ΣΩΖΟΜΕΝΟΥ ΣΧΟΛΑΣΤΙΚΟΥ ΕΚΚΛΗΣΙΑΣΤΙΚΗΣ ΙΣΤΟΡΙΑΣ ΤΟΜΟΣ ΕΒ∆ΟΜΟΣ

7.1.1 Οὐάλεντι μὲν οὖν ὧδε θανεῖν ξυνηνέχθη· οἱ δὲ βάρβαροι ἐπαρθέντες τῇ νίκῃ πάλιν τὴν Θρᾴκην ἐδῄουν καὶ τελευτῶντες τὰ προάστεια Κωνσταντινουπόλεως κατέτρεχον. κινδυνεύουσι δὲ τότε τοῖς πράγμασι μέγα γεγόνασιν ὄφελος ἐκ μὲν τῶν ὑποσπόνδων Σαρακηνῶν ὀλίγοι παρὰ Μαυίας 7.1.2 ἀποσταλέντες, πλεῖστοι δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ δήμου. ῥητὸν γὰρ ἐκ τοῦ δημοσίου μισθὸν αὐτοῖς χορηγούσης ∆ομνίκης τῆς Οὐάλεντος γαμετῆς, ὡς ἔτυχεν ἕκαστος ὁπλιζόμενος ἀντεπεξῄεσαν καὶ τοὺς πολεμίους ἀμυνόμενοι πόρρω 7.1.3 τῆς πόλεως ἀπεδίωκον. Γρατιανὸς δὲ ἅμα τῷ ἀδελφῷ πᾶσαν τὴν ῾Ρωμαίων ἀρχὴν διέπων, οὐκ ἐπαινέσας τὸν θεῖον τῆς γνώμης, ἣν περὶ τοὺς ἑτέρως αὐτῷ δοξάζοντας διετέλεσεν ἔχων, πᾶσι τοῖς ὑπ' ἐκείνου διὰ τὴν θρησκείαν φεύγειν καταδικασθεῖσι τὴν κάθοδον ἀπέδωκε, καὶ νόμον ἔθετο μετὰ ἀδείας ἑκάστους θρησκεύειν ὡς βούλονται καὶ ἐκκλησιάζειν πλὴν Μανιχαίων καὶ τῶν τὰ Φωτεινοῦ καὶ Εὐνομίου φρονούντων. 7.2.1 Λογισάμενος δέ, ὡς τῶν ἀμφὶ τὸν ῎Ιστρον βαρβάρων ᾿Ιλλυριοὺς καὶ Θρᾷκας ἐνοχλούντων ἐπαμύνειν προσῆκεν, ἀναγκαῖον δὲ καὶ τοῖς πρὸς ἑσπέραν τῆς ἀρχομένης παρεῖναι καὶ μάλιστα ᾿Αλαμανῶν τοὺς ἐνθάδε Γαλάτας κακουργούντων, κοινωνὸν ἐποιήσατο τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐν τῷ Σιρμίῳ Θεοδόσιον, γένος τῶν ἀμφὶ τὸ Πυρηναῖον ὄρος ᾿Ιβήρων, εὐπατρίδην τε καὶ ἄριστα πολλάκις ἐν πολέμοις διαγενόμενον, ὡς καὶ πρὸ τῆς βασιλείας ἐν ταῖς τῶν 7.2.2 ὑπηκόων γνώμαις ἐπιτήδειον αὐτὸν δόξαι πρὸς ἡγεμονίαν. ἐν τούτῳ δὲ πλὴν ῾Ιεροσολύμων ἔτι τῶν ἀνὰ τὴν ἕω ἐκκλησιῶν οἱ τὰ ᾿Αρείου φρονοῦντες ἐκράτουν. Μακεδονιανοὶ δὲ καὶ μάλιστα οἱ ἐν Κωνσταντινουπόλει μετὰ τὰς πρὸς Λιβέριον συνθήκας οὐ μέγα τι διεφέροντο πρὸς τοὺς ἐπαινοῦντας τὸ δόγμα τῶν ἐν Νικαίᾳ συνελθόντων· ὡς ὁμοδόξοις δὲ κατὰ πόλεις ἐπεμί7.2.3 γνυντο καὶ ἐκοινώνουν ἀλλήλοις. μετὰ δὲ τὸν τεθέντα παρὰ Γρατιανοῦ νόμον ἀδείας λαβόμενοί τινες τῶν ἐπισκόπων ταύτης τῆς αἱρέσεως κατέλαβον τὰς ἐκκλησίας, ὧν ἐπὶ Οὐάλεντος ἀφῄρηντο. καὶ συνελθόντες ἐν ᾿Αντιοχείᾳ τῆς Καρίας ἐψηφίσαντο μὴ δεῖν ὁμοούσιον τῷ πατρὶ τὸν υἱὸν 7.2.4 ὀνομάζειν, ἀλλ' ὁμοιούσιον ὡς πρόσθεν. ἐκ τούτου δὲ οἱ μὲν διακριθέντες ἰδίᾳ ἐκκλησίαζον, οἱ δὲ τῶν ταῦτα ψηφισαμένων ἐναντιότητα καὶ φιλονικίαν καταγνόντες ἀπέστησαν αὐτῶν καὶ βεβαιότερον ὡμοφρόνουν τοῖς κατὰ τὸ δόγμα τῆς ἐν Νικαίᾳ συνόδου θρησκεύουσιν. 7.2.5 ᾿Εκ δὲ τῶν τότε κατὰ τὸν Γρατιανοῦ νόμον ἐπανελθόντων ἐπισκόπων ἀπὸ τῆς συμβάσης αὐτοῖς φυγῆς ἐπὶ τῆς Οὐάλεντος βασιλείας οἱ μὲν προεδρίας οὐδὲν ἐφρόντισαν, ἀλλὰ τὴν ὁμόνοιαν τῶν λαῶν προτιμήσαντες μὴ καταλιπεῖν σφᾶς ἐδεήθησαν τῶν ἀπὸ τῆς ᾿Αρείου αἱρέσεως μηδὲ διχονοίᾳ κατατέμνειν τὴν ἐκκλησίαν, ἣν παρὰ θεοῦ καὶ ἀποστόλων μίαν παραδοθεῖ7.2.6 σαν φιλονικίαι καὶ φιλοπροεδρίαι εἰς πολλὰς κατεμέρισαν. ταύτης δὲ τῆς σπουδῆς ἐγένετο καὶ Εὐλάλιος ὁ ἐν ᾿Αμασείᾳ τῇ πρὸς τῷ Πόντῳ ἐπίσκοπος· λέγεται γοῦν μετὰ τὴν ἐπάνοδον εὑρεῖν ἕτερον προϊστάμενον τῆς αὐτοῦ ἐκκλησίας τῶν ᾿Αρείου ἐπισκόπων, εἶναι δὲ τοὺς πειθομένους αὐτῷ ἐν τῇ πόλει οὐδ' ὅλους