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But the enemy, having seized Rufinus, 4.10.11 were leading him away. And straightway one of the leaders, Medisinissas, fearing lest he should escape and cause them trouble again, takes off his head, and taking it to his own home, he showed it to his wives, as it was a remarkable sight for its exceeding size and the abundance of its hair. 4.10.12 But since the course of the history has brought us to this point, it is necessary to tell from the beginning both whence the nations of the Maurusii came to Libya and how they settled there. 4.10.13 When the Hebrews withdrew from Egypt and came near the borders of Palestine, Moses, a wise man, who led them on their journey, died, and the leadership was taken over by Jesus, the son of Nave, who both led this people into Palestine and, displaying a valor in war greater than is natural for a man, 4.10.14 took possession of the land. And having subjugated all the nations, he easily reduced their cities, 4.10.15 and he seemed to be altogether invincible. At that time the coastal country from Sidon to the borders of Egypt 4.10.16 was all called Phoenicia. And one king in ancient times was in charge of it, as is agreed by all who have written the most ancient history of the Phoenicians. 4.10.17 There dwelt most populous nations, the Girgashites and the Jebusites and others having certain names by which the history of the Hebrews calls them. 4.10.18 When this people saw that the invading general was an irresistible force, they migrated from their ancestral homes and proceeded to Egypt, which was their neighbor. 4.10.19 There, finding no place sufficient for them to inhabit, since Egypt had been populous from of old, 4.10.20 they were sent on to Libya. And having founded many cities they held all of Libya as far as the Pillars of Heracles, and there they have dwelt even to my time, using the Phoenician language. 4.10.21 They also built a fortress in Numidia, 4.10.22 where the city of Tigisis now is and is so named. There, near the great spring, are two pillars made of white stone, bearing Phoenician letters engraved, which say in the Phoenician tongue as follows: “We are “those who fled from the face of Jesus the robber, son of 4.10.23 “Nave.” And there were other nations settled in Libya previously, who were said to be autochthonous because they had been established there from of old. 4.10.24 And for this reason they said that Antaeus, their king, who wrestled with Heracles in Clipea, 4.10.25 was a son of the earth. And later in time, all those who migrated from Phoenicia with Dido came to those settled in Libya as to kinsmen. These willingly allowed them to found and to possess Carthage. 4.10.26 And as time went on the power of the Carthaginians became great and populous. 4.10.27 And when a battle took place between them and their neighbors, who, as was said, had come earlier from Palestine and are now called Maurusii, the Carthaginians defeated them and forced them to live as far as possible from Carthage. 4.10.28 Then the Romans, having become superior to all in war, settled the Maurusii in the extremities of the inhabited land in Libya, and made the Carthaginians and the other Libyans tributaries 4.10.29 to themselves. And later the Maurusii, having won many victories against the Vandals, took possession of both what is now called Mauretania, which extends from Gades to the borders of Caesarea, and the greater part of the rest of Libya. So the story of the settlement of the Maurusii in Libya is roughly as follows. 4.11.1 But Solomon, having heard what had happened concerning Rufinus and Aigan, both prepared for war and wrote to the leaders of the Maurusii 4.11.2 as follows: “It has happened before now that certain other men have become “mad and have been destroyed, who had no previous “proof to show how their 4.11.3 “madness would turn out for them. But you, for whom the example is close at hand “from your neighbors the Vandals, what in the world has “possessed you that you have decided to raise your hands against the great king 4.11.4 “and to throw away your own safety? And “this when you have the most dreadful oaths in writing

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Ῥουφῖνον δὲ οἱ πολέμιοι ἁρπάσαντες 4.10.11 ἦγον. αὐτίκα δὲ τῶν ἀρχόντων εἷς Μεδισινίσσας, δείσας μὴ διαφυγὼν πράγματα σφίσιν αὖθις παρέχοι, τῆς τε κεφαλῆς αὐτὸν ἀφαιρεῖται καὶ ταύτην ἐς τὰ οἰκεῖα λαβὼν ταῖς γυναιξὶ ταῖς αὑτοῦ ἔδειξε, μεγέθους τε ὑπερβολῇ καὶ τριχῶν πλήθει ἀξιοθέατον οὖσαν. 4.10.12 ἐπεὶ δὲ ἡμᾶς ὁ τῆς ἱστορίας λόγος ἐνταῦθα ἤγαγεν, ἐπάναγκες εἰπεῖν ἄνωθεν ὅθεν τε τὰ Μαυρουσίων ἔθνη ἐς Λιβύην ἦλθον καὶ ὅπως ἐνταῦθα ᾠκήσαντο. 4.10.13 Ἐπειδὴ Ἑβραῖοι ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἀνεχώρησαν καὶ ἄγχι τῶν Παλαιστίνης ὁρίων ἐγένοντο, Μωσῆς μὲν σοφὸς ἀνὴρ, ὃς αὐτοῖς τῆς ὁδοῦ ἡγήσατο, θνήσκει, διαδέχεται δὲ τὴν ἡγεμονίαν Ἰησοῦς ὁ τοῦ Ναυῆ παῖς, ὃς ἔς τε τὴν Παλαιστίνην τὸν λεὼν τοῦτον εἰσήγαγε καὶ ἀρετὴν ἐν τῷ πολέμῳ κρείττω ἢ κατὰ ἀνθρώπου φύσιν ἐπι4.10.14 δειξάμενος τὴν χώραν ἔσχε. καὶ τὰ ἔθνη ἅπαντα καταστρεψάμενος τὰς πόλεις εὐπετῶς παρεστήσατο, 4.10.15 ἀνίκητός τε παντάπασιν ἔδοξεν εἶναι. τότε δὲ ἡ ἐπιθαλασσία χώρα ἐκ Σιδῶνος μέχρι τῶν Αἰγύπτου ὁρίων 4.10.16 Φοινίκη ξύμπασα ὠνομάζετο. βασιλεὺς δὲ εἷς τὸ παλαιὸν αὐτῇ ἐφειστήκει, ὥσπερ ἅπασιν ὁμολογεῖται, οἳ Φοινίκων 4.10.17 τὰ ἀρχαιότατα ἀνεγράψαντο. ἐνταῦθα ᾤκηντο ἔθνη πολυανθρωπότατα, Γεργεσαῖοί τε καὶ Ἰεβουσαῖοι καὶ ἄλλα ἄττα ὀνόματα ἔχοντα, οἷς δὴ αὐτὰ ἡ τῶν Ἑβραίων 4.10.18 ἱστορία καλεῖ. οὗτος ὁ λεὼς ἐπεὶ ἄμαχόν τι χρῆμα τὸν ἐπηλύτην στρατηγὸν εἶδον, ἐξ ἠθῶν τῶν πατρίων ἐξαναστάντες ἐπ' Αἰγύπτου ὁμόρου οὔσης ἐχώρησαν. 4.10.19 ἔνθα χῶρον οὐδένα ἱκανὸν σφίσιν ἐνοικήσασθαι εὑρόντες, ἐπεὶ ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ πολυανθρωπία ἐκ παλαιοῦ 4.10.20 ἦν, ἐς Λιβύην ἐστάλησαν. πόλεις τε οἰκήσαντες πολλὰς ξύμπασαν Λιβύην μέχρι στηλῶν τῶν Ἡρακλείων ἔσχον, ἐνταῦθά τε καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ τῇ Φοινίκων φωνῇ χρώμενοι 4.10.21 ᾤκηνται. ἐδείμαντο δὲ καὶ φρούριον ἐν Νουμιδίᾳ, 4.10.22 οὗ νῦν πόλις Τίγισίς ἐστί τε καὶ ὀνομάζεται. ἔνθα στῆλαι δύο ἐκ λίθων λευκῶν πεποιημέναι ἄγχι κρήνης εἰσὶ τῆς μεγάλης, γράμματα Φοινικικὰ ἐγκεκολαμμένα ἔχουσαι τῇ Φοινίκων γλώσσῃ λέγοντα ὧδε «ἡμεῖς ἐσμεν «οἱ φυγόντες ἀπὸ προσώπου Ἰησοῦ τοῦ λῃστοῦ υἱοῦ 4.10.23 «Ναυῆ.» ἦσαν δὲ καὶ ἄλλα ἔθνη ἐν Λιβύῃ πρότερον ᾠκημένα, οἳ διὰ τὸ ἐκ παλαιοῦ ἐνταῦθα ἱδρῦσθαι 4.10.24 αὐτόχθονες εἶναι ἐλέγοντο. καὶ ἀπ' αὐτοῦ Ἀνταῖον, τὸν αὐτῶν βασιλέα, ὃς ἐν Κλιπέᾳ Ἡρακλεῖ ἐπάλαισε, 4.10.25 τῆς γῆς υἱὸν ἔφασαν εἶναι. χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον καὶ ὅσοι μετὰ ∆ιδοῦς ἐκ Φοινίκης ἀνέστησαν ἅτε πρὸς ξυγγενεῖς τοὺς ἐν Λιβύῃ ᾠκημένους ἀφίκοντο. οἳ δὴ αὐτοῖς Καρχηδόνα κτίσαι τε καὶ ἔχειν ἐθελούσιοι 4.10.26 ξυνεχώρησαν. προϊόντος δὲ τοῦ χρόνου ἡ τῶν Καρχηδονίων δύναμις μεγάλη ἐγίνετο καὶ πολυάνθρωπος. 4.10.27 μάχης τε σφίσι γενομένης πρὸς τοὺς ὁμόρους, οἳ πρότεροι, ὥσπερ ἐρρήθη, ἐκ Παλαιστίνης ἀφίκοντο καὶ τὰ νῦν Μαυρούσιοι καλοῦνται, ἐκράτησάν τε αὐτῶν οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι καὶ ὡς ἀπωτάτω οἰκεῖν Καρχηδόνος ἠνάγκα4.10.28 σαν. ἔπειτα δὲ Ῥωμαῖοι πάντων καθυπέρτεροι τῷ πολέμῳ γενόμενοι Μαυρουσίους μὲν ἐς τὰς ἐσχατιὰς τῆς ἐν Λιβύῃ οἰκουμένης χώρας ἱδρύσαντο, Καρχηδονίους δὲ καὶ Λίβυας τοὺς ἄλλους κατηκόους 4.10.29 σφίσιν ἐς φόρου ἀπαγωγὴν ἐποιήσαντο. ὕστερον δὲ οἱ Μαυρούσιοι πολλὰς κατὰ Βανδίλων νίκας ἀνελόμενοι Μαυριτανίαν τε τὴν νῦν καλουμένην ἐκ Γαδείρων μέχρι τῶν Καισαρείας ὁρίων τείνουσαν καὶ Λιβύης τῆς ἄλλης τὰ πλεῖστα ἔσχον. τὰ μὲν δὴ τῆς Μαυρουσίων ἐν Λιβύῃ ἐνοικήσεως ταύτῃ πη ἔσχε. 4.11.1 Σολόμων δὲ τὰ ἐς Ῥουφῖνον καὶ Ἀιγὰν ξυνενεχθέντα ἀκούσας τόν τε πόλεμον ἐν παρασκευῇ ἐποιεῖτο καὶ πρὸς τοὺς Μαυρουσίων ἄρχοντας ἔγραψε 4.11.2 τάδε «Ἤδη μὲν καὶ ἄλλοις ἀνθρώπων τισὶν ἀπονενοῆ»σθαί τε καὶ ἀπολωλέναι τετύχηκεν, οἳ οὐδενὶ πρότε»ρον τεκμηριῶσαι ἔσχον ὅπη ποτὲ αὐτοῖς τὰ τῆς ἀπο4.11.3 «νοίας ἐκβήσεται. ὑμεῖς δὲ, οἷς τὸ παράδειγμα ἐγγύθεν «ἐκ τῶν συνοίκων ὑμῖν Βανδίλων ἐστὶ, τί ποτε ἆρα «παθόντες χεῖράς τε ἀνταίρειν ἔγνωτε βασιλεῖ τῷ με4.11.4 «γάλῳ καὶ τὴν ὑμῶν αὐτῶν σωτηρίαν προέσθαι; καὶ «ταῦτα ὅρκους τε τοὺς δεινοτάτους ἐν γράμμασι