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for such a one in no way endures to see a transgression of the commandment of God, but as if he himself were sinning, he mourns unceasingly for those who sin; then thus, if he hungers and thirsts for the righteousness of God; for it is possible to find someone pursuing a certain righteousness, without hungering or thirsting for it; for God is righteousness, just as you hear him called the sun of righteousness. Therefore, he who hungers and thirsts for him considers the whole world and the things in the world as refuse, and he reckons the honors of rulers as shame, or is not at all sensible of human honors.

(402) And again: "Blessed are the merciful." Who then are the merciful? Those who give money and feed the poor? No! But who? Those who have become poor for the sake of him who became poor for us, and have nothing to give, but are ever mindful in spirit of the poor and widows and orphans and those in sickness, and often seeing and sympathizing with them and weeping warmly for them, such as was Job, who said: "But I wept for every helpless man," who, when they have something, show mercy to them with cheerfulness and abundantly remind everyone of the things for the salvation of the soul, obeying him who said: "I learned without guile and I impart without grudging." These are the ones called blessed by the Lord, the truly merciful; wherefore also from such mercy, as by a certain step, ascending, they arrive at the perfect purity of the soul.

Hence, and from this, God called blessed those who are pure in heart, saying thus: "Blessed are the pure in heart, for they shall see God," knowing, as being God and our lawgiver, that unless our soul comes to such a disposition, it neither mourns perpetually, nor becomes completely meek, nor thirsts for God, nor is cleansed from the passions, nor becomes like a clean mirror. And if these things do not happen, it will never clearly see the face of the Master in itself; but the one that has become such sees God completely and is reconciled to him, and peace comes to be between our Creator and God and the soul that was formerly hostile to him, and then (403) as a peacemaker it is called blessed by God; "For blessed," he says, "are the peacemakers, for they shall be called sons of God," those who have consciously reconciled themselves to the one who came to give peace to those who are near and to those who are far, to him who came to reconcile us, who were enemies, to his own Father and to unite the separated into one, that is, to impart to us the Holy Spirit and for him to take our flesh. Therefore, those who have seen him, it is clear that they have also truly been reconciled to him, having brought about the sought-after peace and having become sons of God. "But if God is the one who justifies, who is the one who condemns? And if you do not love your brother, how can you love God, whom you have not seen? And if we are not able to love him, or rather to say, we are not willing, it is clear that we have not been reconciled to him either. But let us hasten to see and be reconciled to and love him, brothers, as he himself commanded, with our whole soul.

Then again he hears him saying: "Blessed are those who are persecuted for righteousness' sake," and he reflects, examining himself, whether he has been persecuted for the sake of a commandment of God, since "all who desire to live in Christ will be persecuted," as the apostle says. Wherefore he also adds, saying: "Blessed are you, when they revile and persecute you and say all kinds of evil against you falsely for my sake. Rejoice and be glad, for your reward is great in heaven." For what reason, then, did he place last those who are persecuted and reviled, and commands with authority, exclaiming to them, "Rejoice and be glad"? (404) Because he who has shown repentance worthy of his own transgressions and has become humble from this—so that I might repeat the same things to you again—, and is counted worthy to mourn daily and becomes meek and from his soul hungers and thirsts for the sun of righteousness and is rendered merciful and compassionate, so that the passions of all and the afflictions and the infirmities for himself

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γάρ τοιοῦτος ἐν οὐδενί ἀνέχεται παράβασιν ἰδεῖν τῆς ἐντολῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἀλλ᾿ ὡς ἐκεῖνος ἁμαρτάνων ὑπέρ τῶν ἁμαρτανόντων ἀδιαλείπτως θρηνεῖ · εἶθ᾿ οὕτως, εἰ τήν δικαιοσύνην πεινᾷ καί διψᾷ τοῦ Θεοῦ· ἔστι γάρ καί δικαιοσύνην τινά μετιόντα εὑρεῖν, μή πεινῶντα μηδέ διψῶντα αὐτήν· δικαιοσύνη γάρ ὁ Θεός ἐστιν, ὥσπερ ἥλιον αὐτόν δικαιοσύνης ἀκούεις καλούμενον. Ὁ γοῦν πεινῶν αὐτόν καί διψῶν, τόν κόσμον ὅλον καί τά ἐν κόσμῳ ἡγεῖται σκύβαλα, τιμάς δέ ἀρχόντων ὡς αἰσχύνην ταῦτα λογίζεται ἤ οὐδόλως τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων τιμῶν ἐπαισθάνεται.

(402) Καί αὖθις· "Μακάριοι οἱ ἐλεήμονες". Ἄρα τίνες εἰσίν οἱ ἐλεήμονες; Οἱ τά χρήματα διδόντες καί διατρέφοντες πένητας; οὔ! Ἀλλά τίνες; Οἱ πτωχεύσαντες διά τόν πτωχεύσαντα δι᾿ ἡμᾶς καί μηδέν ἔχοντες δοῦναι, τῶν δέ πτωχῶν καί χηρῶν καί ὀρφανῶν καί τῶν ἐν ἀσθενείᾳ νοερῶς ἀεί μεμνημένοι, πολλάκις δέ καί ὁρῶντες καί συμπαθοῦντες τούτοις καί ὑπέρ αὐτῶν θερμῶς κλαίοντες, οἷος ἦν ὁ Ἰώβ λέγων· "Ἐγώ δέ ἔκλαυσα ἐπί παντί ἀδυνάτῳ", οἵτινες καί ὅταν ἔχωσιν ἐλεοῦσι τούτους ἐν ἱλαρότητι καί τά πρός σωτηρίαν ψυχῆς πάντας ἀφθόνως ὑπομιμνήσκοντες, τῷ εἰρηκότι πειθόμενοι· "Ἀδόλως τε ἔμαθον ἀφθόνως τε μεταδίδωμι". Οὗτοί εἰσιν οἱ ὑπό Κυρίου μακαριζόμενοι, οἱ ἀληθεῖς ἐλεήμονες· διό καί ἐκ τῆς τοιαύτης ἐλεημοσύνης, ὡς διά βαθμίδος τινός, εἰς τήν τῆς ψυχῆς τελείαν ἀνιόντες φθάνουσι καθαρότητα.

Ἔνθεν τοι καί ἀπό ταύτης ὁ Θεός τούς καθαρούς ἐμακάρισε τήν καρδίαν, οὕτως εἰπών· "Μακάριοι οἱ καθαροί τῇ καρδίᾳ, ὅτι αὐτοί τόν Θεόν ὄψονται", εἰδώς ὡς ἅτε Θεός καί νομοθέτης ἡμῶν, ὅτι εἰ μή εἰς τοιαύτην ἔλθῃ διάθεσιν ἡ ψυχή ἡμῶν, οὔτε ἀεννάως πενθεῖ, οὔτε πραεῖα τελείως γίνεται, οὔτε διψᾷ τόν Θεόν, οὔτε τῶν παθῶν καθαίρεται, οὔτε ὡς ἔσοπτρον καθαρόν γίνεται. Εἰ δέ μή ταῦτα γένηται, οὐδέ καθαρῶς τό πρόσωπον ἐν ἑαυτῇ ποτε τοῦ ∆εσπότου θεάσεται· ἡ δέ γενομένη τοιαύτῃ ὁρᾷ τόν Θεόν ἐκ παντός καί καταλάσσεται αὐτῷ, καί γίνεται εἰρήνη ἀναμεταξύ τοῦ Ποιητοῦ ἡμῶν καί Θεοῦ καί τῆς πρῴην ἐχθρᾶς οὔσης αὐτῷ ψυχῆς, καί τηνικαῦτα (403) ὡς εἰρηνοποιός παρά τοῦ Θεοῦ μακαρίζεται· "Μακάριοι γάρ, φησίν, οἱ εἰρηνοποιοί, ὅτι αὐτοί υἱοί Θεοῦ κληθήσονται", οἱ τῷ ἐλθόντι δοῦναι εἰρήνην τοῖς ἐγγύς καί τοῖς μακράν ἑαυτούς γνωστῶς καταλλάξαντες, τῷ καταλλάξαι ἡμᾶς ἐχθρούς ὄντας τῷ ἰδίῳ Πατρί καί ἑνῶσαι ἐλθόντι τά διεστῶτα εἰς ἕν, τουτέστι μεταδοῦναι ἡμῖν Πνεύματος Ἁγίου καί λαβεῖν αὐτόν σάρκα τήν ἡμετέραν. Οἱ τοίνυν ἰδόντες αὐτόν, εὔδηλον ὅτι καί αὐτῷ ἀληθῶς κατηλλάγησαν, τήν ζητουμένην εἰρήνην ἀποτελέσαντες καί υἱοί Θεοῦ γεγονότες. "Θεός δέ ὁ δικαιῶν, τίς ὁ κατακρίνων; Εἰ δέ τόν ἀδελφόν σου σύ, οὐκ ἀγαπᾷς, τόν Θεόν, ὅν οὐχ ἐώρακας, πῶς δύνασι ἀγαπᾶν; Εἰ δέ ἀγαπᾶν αὐτόν οὐ δυνάμεθα ἤ μᾶλλον εἰπεῖν οὐ βουλόμεθα, δῆλον ὅτι οὐδέ κατηλλάγημεν αὐτῷ. Ἀλλά σπουδάσωμεν ἰδεῖν καί καταλλαγῆναι καί ἀγαπῆσαι αὐτόν, ἀδελφοί, ὡς αὐτός ἐνετείλατο, ἐξ ὅλης ψυχῆς.

Εἶτα πάλιν ἀκούει λέγοντος· "Μακάριοι οἱ δεδιωγμένοι ἕνεκεν δικαιοσύνης", καί καταστοχάζεται ἐρευνῶν ἑαυτόν, εἰ ἕνεκεν ἐντολῆς ἐδιώχθη Θεοῦ, ἐπειδή "πάντες ὅσοι ἐν Χριστῷ θέλουσι ζῆν διωχθήσονται", καθώς φησιν ὁ ἀπόστολος. ∆ιό καί ἐπιφέρων φησί· "Μακάριοί ἐστε, ὅταν ὀνειδίσωσιν ὑμᾶς καί διώξωσι καί εἴπωσι πᾶν πονηρόν ῥῆμα καθ᾿ ὑμῶν ψευδόμενοι ἕνεκεν ἐμοῦ. Χαίρετε καί ἀγαλλιᾶσθε, ὅτι ὁ μισθός ὑμῶν πολύς ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς". Τίνος οὖν ἕνεκεν ἔσχατον τέθηκε τούς δεδιωγμένους καί ὀνειδιζομένους, καί προστάσσει μετ᾿ ἐξουσίας ἐπιφωνῶν αὐτοῖς τό "Χαίρετε καί ἀγαλλιᾶσθε"; (404) Ἐπειδή ὁ μετάνοιαν ἀξίαν τῶν ἑαυτοῦ πλημμελημάτων ἐπιδειξάμενος καί ταπεινός ἐντεῦθεν γενόμενος ἵνα σοι πάλιν δευτερῶν τά αὐτά εἴποιμι , καί πενθεῖν καθ᾿ ἑκάστην ἀξιοῦται καί πρᾷος γίνεται καί τόν ἥλιον τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἀπό ψυχῆς πεινᾷ καί διψᾷ καί ἐλεήμων ἀποτελεῖται καί συμπαθής, ὡς τά πάθη πάντων καί τάς θλίψεις καί τάς ἀσθενείας ἑαυτῷ