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with the sound of a trumpet, with the voice of words, which those who heard, he says, begged that the word should not be spoken to them. Therefore they themselves became the cause of God appearing in the flesh. And what did they say? Let Moses speak to us, and let not God speak to us. Those who make the comparisons rather extol those things, in order to show that these are much greater; but I, while considering those things admirable (for they are the works of God, and a proof of His power), yet in this way also I show that our things are better and more wonderful. For they are great in two ways: both because they are glorious and, being greater, are more accessible and gentle. This also he says when writing in the Epistle to the Corinthians: But we with unveiled face, beholding as in a mirror the glory of the Lord, and not as Moses put a veil over his face. They were not thought worthy, he says, of what we were. For of what were they counted worthy? They saw darkness, gloom; they heard a voice. But you too have heard a voice, not through gloom, but through flesh; you were not troubled nor disturbed, but you stood and conversed with the mediator. In another way, He also shows the invisible through the darkness. And darkness, it says, was under His feet. Then even Moses was afraid, but now no one is; the people stood below then, but we are not below, but higher than heaven, near to God as sons, but not as Moses. There was a wilderness, here a city, and to the general assembly of ten thousands of angels; here He shows joy and gladness, instead of the gloom and the darkness and the tempest And to the church of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God the Judge of all. They did not draw near, but stood afar off, even Moses; but you have drawn near. Here he frightens them by saying, And to God the Judge of all. Therefore He will sit as Judge not of the Jews only, nor of the faithful, but of the whole world. And to the spirits of just men made perfect. He means the souls of the approved. And to Jesus the mediator of a new covenant, and to the blood of sprinkling; that is, of purification. That speaks better than that of Abel. And if the blood speaks, much more does He who was slain live. But what does it speak? Listen: And the Spirit, it says, speaks with groanings which cannot be uttered. How does it speak? For wherever it falls upon a sincere mind, it raises it up, and makes it speak. See that you do not refuse Him who is speaking; that is, do not despair. For if they did not escape who refused Him who spoke on earth. Whom does he mean? It seems to me, Moses. But what he says is this: If they did not escape by refusing him who gave laws on earth, how shall we escape him who gives laws from heaven? Here he shows, not that that one is different; God forbid; he is not showing one and another, but that He appears fearsome, sending forth a voice from heaven. He therefore is both this one and that one, but this one is fearsome; for he does not speak of a difference of persons, but of the giving. How is this clear? From what he added, saying: For if they did not escape, who refused Him who spoke on earth, much more shall not we, who turn away from Him who speaks from heaven. What then? Is this one different from that one? how then does he say, 63.222 Whose voice then shook the earth? for the voice of Him who then gave the law shook the earth. But now He has promised, saying, Yet once more I shake not only the earth, but also heaven. And this, 'Yet once more,' signifies the removal of those things that are shaken, as of things that have been made. Therefore all things will be removed from the midst, and will be established for the better from above; for he hints at this by saying these things here. Why then are you grieved, suffering in a world that does not last, being afflicted in a world that will shortly pass away? If the rest were in the latter part of the world, then one ought to be afflicted looking towards the end. That the things which cannot be shaken, he says, may remain. And what are the things that cannot be shaken? The things to come. 3. Let us therefore do all things for this, that we may attain to those things, that we may enjoy those good things. Yes, I beseech and entreat, let us be zealous for this. No one builds in a city that is about to fall down. Tell me, I pray, if someone said that after a year this city will fall, but that one will not at all, would you have built in

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σάλπιγγος ἤχῳ, φωνῇ ῥημάτων, ἧς οἱ ἀκούσαντες παρῃτήσαντο, φησὶ, μὴ προστεθῆναι αὐτοῖς τὸν λόγον. Ἄρα αὐτοὶ γεγόνασιν αἴτιοι τοῦ διὰ σαρκὸς φανῆναι τὸν Θεόν. Τί δὲ καὶ ἔλεγον; Λαλείτω ἡμῖν Μωϋσῆς, καὶ μὴ λαλείτω ἡμῖν ὁ Θεός. Οἱ τὰς συγκρίσεις ποιοῦντες, μᾶλλον ἐκεῖνα αἴρουσιν, ἵνα ταῦτα πολλῷ μείζονα δείξωσιν· ἐγὼ δὲ κἀκεῖνα ἡγούμενος θαυμαστὰ (Θεοῦ γὰρ ἔργα, καὶ τῆς αὐτοῦ δυνάμεως ἀπόδειξις), ὅμως καὶ ταύτῃ κρείττονα καὶ θαυμασιώτερα τὰ ἡμέτερα δείκνυμι. ∆ιπλῇ γὰρ μεγάλα· ὅτι τε λαμπρὰ καὶ ὅτι μείζονα ὄντα, εὐπρόσιτα μᾶλλόν ἐστι καὶ ἡμερώτερα. Τοῦτο καὶ ἐν τῇ πρὸς Κορινθίους Ἐπιστολῇ γράφων φησί· Ἡμεῖς δὲ ἀνακεκαλυμμένῳ προσώπῳ τὴν δόξαν Κυρίου κατοπτριζόμεθα, καὶ οὐχ ὡς Μωϋσῆς ἐτίθει κάλυμμα ἐπὶ πρόσωπον αὐτοῦ. Οὐκ ἠξιώθησαν, φησὶν, ὧν ἡμεῖς ἐκεῖνοι. Τίνος γὰρ κατηξιώθησαν; σκότος εἶδον, γνόφον, φωνῆς ἤκουσαν. Ἀλλὰ καὶ σὺ φωνῆς ἤκουσας, οὐ διὰ γνόφου, ἀλλὰ διὰ σαρκός· οὐ διεταράχθης οὐδὲ διεθορυβήθης, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἔστης καὶ διελέχθης τῷ μεσίτῃ. Ἄλλως δὲ, καὶ τὸ ἀόρατον δείκνυσι διὰ τοῦ σκότους. Καὶ γνόφος, φησὶν, ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας αὐτοῦ. Τότε καὶ Μωϋσῆς ἔδεισε, νυνὶ δὲ οὐδείς· κάτω εἱστήκει ὁ λαὸς τότε, ἡμεῖς δὲ οὐκ ἐσμὲν κάτω, ἀλλὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἀνώτεροι, ἐγγὺς τοῦ Θεοῦ ὡς υἱοὶ, ἀλλ' οὐχ ὡς Μωϋσῆς. Ἐκεῖ ἔρημος ἦν, ἐνταῦθα πόλις, καὶ μυριάσιν ἀγγέλων πανηγύρει· ἐνταῦθα τὴν χαρὰν δείκνυσι καὶ τὴν εὐφροσύνην, ἀντὶ τοῦ γνόφου καὶ τοῦ σκότους καὶ τῆς θυέλλης Καὶ Ἐκκλησίᾳ πρωτοτόκων ἐν οὐρανοῖς ἀπογεγραμμένων, καὶ κριτῇ Θεῷ πάντων. Ἐκεῖνοι οὐ προσῆλθον, ἀλλὰ πόῤῥω εἱστήκεισαν, καὶ ὁ Μωϋσῆς· ὑμεῖς δὲ προσεληλύθατε. Ἐνταῦθα αὐτοὺς φοβεῖ εἰπὼν, Καὶ κριτῇ Θεῷ πάντων. Ἄρα οὐχὶ τῶν Ἰουδαίων μόνον, οὐδὲ τῶν πιστῶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῆς οἰκουμένης ἁπάσης καθεδεῖται κριτής. Καὶ πνεύμασι δικαίων τετελειωμένων. Τὰς ψυχὰς λέγει τῶν εὐδοκίμων. Καὶ διαθήκης νέας μεσίτῃ Ἰησοῦ, καὶ αἵματι ῥαντισμοῦ· τουτέστι, καθαρμοῦ. Κρεῖττον λαλοῦντι παρὰ τὸν Ἄβελ. Εἰ δὲ τὸ αἷμα λαλεῖ, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ὁ σφαγιασθεὶς ζῇ. Τί δὲ λαλεῖ, ἄκουε· Καὶ τὸ πνεῦμα, φησὶ, λαλεῖ στεναγμοῖς ἀλαλήτοις. Πῶς λαλεῖ; Ἔνθα γὰρ ἂν εἰς εἰλικρινῆ διάνοιαν ἐμπέσῃ, αὐτὴν διανίστησι, καὶ ποιεῖ λαλεῖν. Βλέπετε μὴ παραιτήσησθε τὸν λαλοῦντα· τουτέστι, Μὴ ἀπογνῶτε. Εἰ γὰρ ἐκεῖνοι οὐκ ἐξέφυγον τὸν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς παραιτησάμενοι χρηματίζοντα. Τίνα λέγει; Ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ, Μωϋσῆν. Ὃ δὲ λέγει, τοῦτόἐστιν· Εἰ ἐπὶ γῆς νομοθετοῦντα παραιτησάμενοι οὐκ ἐξέφυγον, ἀπὸ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ νομοθετοῦντα πῶς παραιτησόμεθα; Ἐνταῦθα ἐπιδείκνυσιν, οὐχ ὅτι ἄλλος ἐστὶν ἐκεῖνος· μὴ γένοιτο· οὐκ ἄλλον καὶ ἄλλον δείκνυσιν, ἀλλὰ ὅτι φοβερὸς φαίνεται φωνὴν ἀφιεὶς ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ. Αὐτὸς μὲν οὖν ἐστι καὶ οὗτος κἀκεῖνος, φοβερὸς δὲ οὗτος· οὐ γὰρ διαφορὰν λέγει προσώπων, ἀλλὰ δόσεως. Πόθεν δῆλον; Ἐξ ὧν ἐπήγαγε λέγων· Εἰ γὰρ ἐκεῖνοι οὐκ ἐξέφυγον, παραιτησάμενοι τὸν ἐπὶ γῆς χρηματίζοντα, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἡμεῖς οἱ τὸν ἀπ' οὐρανῶν ἀποστρεφόμενοι. Τί οὖν; ἄλλος οὗτός ἐστι παρ' ἐκεῖνον; πῶς οὖν φησιν, 63.222 Οὗ ἡ φωνὴ τὴν γῆν ἐσάλευσε τότε; ἡ γὰρ τοῦ τότε δόντος τὸν νόμον φωνὴ τὴν γῆν ἐσάλευσε. Νῦν δὲ ἐπήγγελται λέγων· Ἔτι ἅπαξ ἐγὼ σείω οὐ μόνον τὴν γῆν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν οὐρανόν. Τὸ δὲ, ἔτι ἅπαξ, δηλοῖ τῶν σαλευομένων τὴν μετάθεσιν ὡς πεποιημένων. Ἄρα ἐκ τοῦ μέσου πάντα ἀρεήσεται, καὶ ἐπὶ τὸ βέλτιον συμπαγήσεται ἄνωθεν· τοῦτο γὰρ αἰνίττεται ταῦτα λέγων ἐνταῦθα. Τί τοίνυν ἀλγεῖς, ἐν κόσμῳ πάσχων οὐ μένοντι, ἐν κόσμῳ θλιβόμενος μικρὸν ὕστερον παροδευομένῳ; Εἰ ἐν ὑστέρῳ τοῦ κόσμου ἡ ἄνεσις ἦν, τότε θλίβεσθαι ἐχρῆν πρὸς τὸ τέλος ὁρῶντα. Ἵνα μείνῃ, φησὶ, τὰ μὴ σαλευόμενα. Ποῖα δέ ἐστι τὰ μὴ σαλευόμενα; Τὰ μέλλοντα. γʹ. Πάντα τοίνυν ὑπὲρ τούτου πράττωμεν, ὥστε ἐκείνων τυχεῖν, ὥστε ἐκείνων ἀπολαῦσαι τῶν ἀγαθῶν. Ναὶ δέομαι καὶ ἀντιβολῶ, τοῦτο σπουδάζωμεν. Οὐδεὶς ἐν πόλει μελλούσῃ καταπίπτειν οἰκοδομεῖ. Εἰπὲ δή μοι, παρακαλῶ, εἴ τις ἔλεγεν ὅτι μετὰ ἐνιαυτὸν αὕτη πεσεῖται ἡ πόλις, ἡ δεῖνα δὲ οὐ πάντως, ἆρα ἂν ᾠκοδόμησας ἐν