167

towards the goal of piety. For I will not consent to ever shrink back because someone, having received a letter from men, thinks highly of it, but not even if one comes from the very heavens, but does not conform to the sound word of the faith, can I consider him a communicant with the saints. 214.3 For consider, O admirable one, that the counterfeiters of the truth, those who introduce the Arian schism into the sound faith of the Fathers, put forward no other reason for not accepting the pious dogma of the Fathers than the concept of the *homoousios*, which they wickedly and for the slander of the faith explain, saying that the Son is said by us to be of one substance (*homoousios*) according to hypostasis. If we give them any occasion from those who are carried about, saying these things or things similar to them more through simplicity than through malice, nothing prevents us from giving them irrefutable handles against ourselves, and from making their heresy strong, for whom the one practice in discussions in the Church is not to establish their own views, but to slander ours. What slander could be more grievous than this and more able to unsettle the many, than if some from among us should appear saying one hypostasis of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, who, even if they dogmatize very clearly the difference of the persons, yet since this same thing has been anticipated by Sabellius saying: that God is one in hypostasis, but is represented in persons by Scripture differently according to the property of the underlying need at any given time, and now he takes to himself the Fatherly utterances, when it is time for this person, and now those befitting the Son, when he descends for our care or for certain other economic activities, and now he assumes the person of the Spirit, when the time demands the utterances from such a person; if therefore some appear among us saying that the Father and the Son and the Holy Spirit are one in the underlying subject, while confessing three perfect persons, how will they not seem to furnish a clear and irrefutable proof that the things said about us are true? 214.4 And concerning the fact that hypostasis and ousia are not the same thing, the brothers from the West also, I think, have indicated, inasmuch as they, being suspicious of the narrowness of their own language, have handed over the name of ousia to the Greek tongue, so that, if there should be any difference of concept, this might be preserved in the clear and unconfused distinction of the names. But if we too must state our opinion in brief, we will say that the relation which the common has to the particular, this ousia has to hypostasis. For each of us both participates in being by the common definition of ousia and by the properties concerning him is this particular person or that. Thus also in that case the definition of ousia is common, such as goodness, divinity, or whatever else might be conceived; but the hypostasis is contemplated in the particular property of Fatherhood, or of Sonship, or of the sanctifying power. If, then, they say the persons are without hypostasis, the argument is absurd on the face of it; but if they concede that they exist in a true hypostasis, which they confess, let them also number them, so that both the doctrine of the *homoousios* may be preserved in the unity of the Godhead and the knowledge of piety may be proclaimed in the perfect and complete hypostasis of each of the ones named, Father and Son and Holy Spirit. Nevertheless, I want your reverence to be persuaded of this, that both you and everyone who cares for the truth similarly to you and who struggles for piety without dishonoring them must wait for the leaders of the Churches to take the lead in this union and peace, whom I consider pillars and a foundation of the truth, and I reverence them all the more the longer they are exiled, with separation being brought upon them as a punishment. I beseech you, therefore, keep yourself unprejudiced for us, so that we may have you to rely upon, whom God has graciously given to us all as a staff and support.

167

πρὸς τὸν τῆς εὐσεβείας σκοπόν. Ἐγὼ γάρ, οὐχ ὅπως εἰ ἐπιστολήν τις ἀνθρώπων δεξάμενος ἐπ' αὐτῇ μέγα φρονεῖ, τούτου ἕνεκεν ὑποσταλῆναί ποτε καταδέξομαι, ἀλλ' οὐδ' ἂν ἐξ αὐτῶν ἥκῃ τῶν οὐρανῶν, μὴ στοιχῇ δὲ τῷ ὑγιαίνοντι λόγῳ τῆς πίστεως, δύναμαι αὐτὸν κοινωνὸν ἡγήσασθαι τῶν ἁγίων. 214.3 Ἐνθυμήθητι γάρ, ὦ θαυμάσιε, ὅτι οἱ παραχαράκται τῆς ἀληθείας, οἱ τὸ Ἀρειανὸν σχίσμα τῇ ὑγιεῖ τῶν Πατέρων ἐπεισάγοντες πίστει, οὐδεμίαν ἄλλην αἰτίαν προβάλλονται τοῦ μὴ παραδέχεσθαι τὸ εὐσεβὲς τῶν Πατέ ρων δόγμα ἢ τὴν τοῦ ὁμοουσίου διάνοιαν, ἣν αὐτοὶ πονη ρῶς καὶ ἐπὶ διαβολῇ τῆς πίστεως ἐξηγοῦνται λέγοντες τὸν Υἱὸν κατὰ τὴν ὑπόστασιν ὁμοούσιον λέγεσθαι παρ' ἡμῶν. Οἷς ἐάν τινα δῶμεν ἀφορμὴν ἐκ τοῦ περιφέρεσθαι τοῖς δι' ἁπλότητα μᾶλλον ἢ διὰ κακίαν ταῦτα ἢ τὰ τούτοις παραπλήσια λέγουσιν, οὐδὲν κωλύει καὶ ἡμᾶς ἀναντιρρή τους μὲν δοῦναι καθ' ἑαυτῶν τὰς λαβάς, ἰσχυρὰν δὲ ἐκείνοις κατασκευάσαι τὴν αἵρεσιν, οἷς μία μελέτη ἐστὶν ἐν τοῖς ἐπὶ τῆς Ἐκκλησίας λόγοις οὐ τὰ ἑαυτῶν κατασκευάζειν, ἀλλὰ τὰ ἡμέτερα διαβάλλειν. Τίς δ' ἂν γένοιτο τῆς διαβολῆς ταύτης χαλεπωτέρα καὶ μᾶλλον δυναμένη τοὺς πολλοὺς διασαλεῦσαι, ἢ εἰ φανείησάν τινες ἐξ ἡμῶν Πατρὸς καὶ Υἱοῦ καὶ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος μίαν ὑπόστασιν λέγοντες, οἳ κἂν πάνυ τὸ τῶν προσώπων διά φορον ἐναργῶς δογματίζωσιν, ἀλλ' οὖν τῷ παρὰ τοῦ Σα βελλίου προειλῆφθαι τὸ αὐτὸ τοῦτο λέγοντος· ἕνα μὲν εἶναι τῇ ὑποστάσει τὸν Θεόν, προσωποποιεῖσθαι δὲ ὑπὸ τῆς Γραφῆς διαφόρως κατὰ τὸ ἰδίωμα τῆς ὑποκειμένης ἑκάστοτε χρείας, καὶ νῦν μὲν τὰς πατρικὰς ἑαυτῷ περιτι θέναι φωνάς, ὅταν τούτου καιρὸς ᾖ τοῦ προσώπου, νῦν δὲ τὰς Υἱῷ πρεπούσας, ὅταν πρὸς τὴν ἡμετέραν ἐπιμέ λειαν ἢ πρὸς ἄλλας τινὰς οἰκονομικὰς ἐνεργείας ὑπο βαίνῃ, νῦν δὲ τὸ τοῦ Πνεύματος ὑποδύεσθαι πρόσωπον, ὅταν ὁ καιρὸς τὰς ἀπὸ τοῦ τοιούτου προσώπου φωνὰς ἀπαιτῇ· ἐὰν οὖν καὶ παρ' ἡμῖν φανῶσί τινες ἓν τῷ ὑποκειμένῳ Πατέρα καὶ Υἱὸν καὶ Ἅγιον Πνεῦμα λέγον τες, τρία δὲ πρόσωπα τέλεια ὁμολογοῦντες, πῶς οὐχὶ σαφῆ καὶ ἀναντίρρητον δόξουσι παρέχεσθαι τὴν ἀπόδειξιν τοῦ ἀληθῆ εἶναι τὰ λεγόμενα περὶ ἡμῶν; 214.4 Περὶ δὲ τοῦ ὅτι ὑπόστασις καὶ οὐσία οὐ ταὐτόν ἐστι, καὶ αὐτοί, ὡς νομίζω, ὑπεσημήναντο οἱ ἀπὸ τῆς ∆ύσεως ἀδελφοὶ ἐν οἷς τὸ στενὸν τῆς ἑαυτῶν γλώττης ὑφορώμενοι τὸ τῆς οὐσίας ὄνομα τῇ Ἑλλάδι φωνῇ παραδεδώκασιν, ἵνα, εἴ τις εἴη διαφορὰ τῆς ἐννοίας, σώζοιτο αὕτη ἐν τῇ εὐκρινεῖ καὶ ἀσυγχύτῳ διαστάσει τῶν ὀνομάτων. Εἰ δὲ δεῖ καὶ ἡμᾶς τὸ δοκοῦν ἡμῖν ἐν βραχεῖ εἰπεῖν, ἐκεῖνο ἐροῦμεν ὅτι ὃν ἔχει λόγον τὸ κοινὸν πρὸς τὸ ἴδιον, τοῦτον ἔχει ἡ οὐσία πρὸς τὴν ὑπόστασιν. Ἕκαστος γὰρ ἡμῶν καὶ τῷ κοινῷ τῆς οὐσίας λόγῳ τοῦ εἶναι μετέχει καὶ τοῖς περὶ αὐτὸν ἰδιώμασιν ὁ δεῖνά ἐστι καὶ ὁ δεῖνα. Οὕτω κἀκεῖ ὁ μὲν τῆς οὐσίας λόγος κοινός, οἷον ἡ ἀγαθότης, ἡ θεότης, ἢ εἴ τι ἄλλο νοοῖτο· ἡ δὲ ὑπόστασις ἐν τῷ ἰδιώματι τῆς πατρότητος ἢ τῆς υἱότητος ἢ τῆς ἁγιαστικῆς δυνάμεως θεωρεῖται. Εἰ μὲν οὖν ἀνυπόστατα λέγουσι τὰ πρόσωπα, αὐτόθεν ἔχει ὁ λόγος τὴν ἀτοπίαν· εἰ δὲ ἐν ὑποστάσει αὐτὰ εἶναι ἀληθινῇ συγχωροῦσιν, ὃ ὁμολογοῦσι, καὶ ἀριθ μείτωσαν, ἵνα καὶ ὁ τοῦ ὁμοουσίου λόγος διαφυλαχθῇ ἐν τῇ ἑνότητι τῆς θεότητος καὶ ἡ τῆς εὐσεβείας ἐπί γνωσις Πατρὸς καὶ Υἱοῦ καὶ Ἁγίου Πνεύματος ἐν τῇ ἀπηρτισμένῃ καὶ ὁλοτελεῖ ἑκάστου τῶν ὀνομαζομένων ὑποστάσει κηρύσσηται. Ὅμως δὲ ἐκεῖνο βούλομαι πεπεῖσθαι τὴν σεμνότητά σου, ὅτι καὶ σὲ καὶ πάντα τὸν παραπλησίως σοι τῆς ἀληθείας φροντίζοντα καὶ τοὺς ὑπὲρ τῆς εὐσε βείας ἀγωνιζομένους μὴ ἀτιμάζοντα ἀναμένειν δεῖ κα θηγήσασθαι τῆς συναφείας ταύτης καὶ τῆς εἰρήνης τοὺς προστάτας τῶν Ἐκκλησιῶν, οὓς ἐγὼ στύλους καὶ ἑδραίωμα τῆς ἀληθείας τίθεμαι, καὶ τοσούτῳ πλέον αὐτοὺς αἰδοῦμαι ὅσῳ ἂν μακρότερον ἐξοικισθῶσιν ἀντὶ τιμωρίας αὐτοῖς ἐπαγομένου τοῦ χωρισμοῦ. Παρακαλῶ οὖν, φύλαξον ἡμῖν σεαυτὸν ἀπρόληπτον, ἵν' ἔχωμέν σοι ἐπαναπαύεσθαι ὃν ἐν πᾶσιν ἡμῖν ὁ Θεὸς βακτηρίαν καὶ ἔρεισμα ἐχαρίσατο.