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of the truth revealing and of the light of the gospel, brightly illuminating the whole inhabited world and saving the sons of the true faith in truth. Therefore, as if having destroyed a serpent peeking out from a nearby † lair through some small instrument, and having left it dead, let us proceed to the next things according to our promise, taking with us the help of God to present his truth.

Against the Apelleians, ˉκˉδ, but of the sequence, ˉμˉδ. 1. This aforementioned Lucian is succeeded by Apelles, not that holy one commended by the holy apostle, but another from whom the Apelleians are named, being himself also a fellow-student of this Lucian and a disciple of the aforementioned Marcion, like offshoots from one root, having grown wild with many thorns. But this one 2.190 wishes to teach different doctrines from the others, arming himself both against his own teacher and against the truth, in order to gather for himself also a school of erring men, he wishes to teach such things, claiming that it is not so, he says, but Marcion was mistaken, so that from every side folly and lawlessness, being refuted and crushed within itself, might be revealed, and inciting its own overthrow; while the truth is always steadfast and has no need of help, but is self-subsistent and is always commended by the God who truly is. For this aforementioned Apelles and those from him claim that there are not three principles nor two, as seemed right to those around Lucian and Marcion, but, he says, there is one good God and one principle and one unnameable power; for whom, the one God, that is, the one principle, there is no 2.191 concern for the things that have come to be here in this world, but this same holy and good God from above made another God; and this other God who was made created all things, heaven and earth and all things in the world. But he turned out to be not good, and the things made by him, he says, were not well worked, but according to his own vile intention the things by him * were created. Who would endure such words and not rather laugh at such vain labor? For in two ways he will be found not acting appropriately, using such a supposition. And for this reason I will speak to him as if he were present: tell me, you there. For you will grant, O Apelles, either that the God who did not know the future made the god whom you claim to have created his works badly, or that, foreknowing that the god created by him would turn out to be such, he made him for this reason, so that he himself might not be the cause of the things badly created by him. And in any case the God above will himself be the creator, having made the one who made all things, and no longer will the one who made the creations be the cause, but the God above who made the creator and is himself the creator of all things. And he says that Christ came in the last times, being the son of the good God above, and likewise his holy spirit for the salvation of those coming to the knowledge of him, and that when he came he did not 2.192 appear in semblance, but in truth had taken flesh, not from Mary the virgin, but that he had true flesh and body, neither from the seed of a man nor from a virgin woman. But he had true flesh, and in this manner: and, he says, in coming from the heavenly regions he came to the earth and gathered for himself a body from the four elements. And how is it that this one also is not eager for his lawlessness to be exposed, which follows the opinions of the ancient Greek poets concerning this empty talk? For this one also claims, as they did and even more feebly than they

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δηλούσης τῆς ἀληθείας καὶ τοῦ φωτὸς τοῦ εὐαγγελίου, φωτεινῶς τὴν πᾶσαν οἰκουμένην καταυγάζοντος καὶ σῴζοντος τοὺς υἱοὺς τῆς ἀληθινῆς πίστεως ἐν ἀληθείᾳ. ὡς οὖν ἐκ συντόμου † σκοποῦ ὄφιν παρακύψαντα διὰ μικροῦ τινος σκεύους ἀνελόντες θανατωθεῖσάν τε ταύτην καταλελοιπότες ἐπὶ τὰς ἑξῆς ἴωμεν κατὰ τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν, τὴν τοῦ θεοῦ συμπαραλαβόντες βοήθειαν εἰς τὸ παραστῆσαι τὴν αὐτοῦ ἀλήθειαν.

Κατὰ Ἀπελληϊανῶν ˉκˉδ, τῆς δὲ ἀκολουθίας ˉμˉδ. 1. Τοῦτον τὸν προειρημένον Λουκιανὸν διαδέχεται Ἀπελλῆς, οὐχ ὁ ἅγιος ἐκεῖνος ὁ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἁγίου ἀποστόλου συνιστώμενος, ἀλλ' ἕτερος ἐξ οὗπερ Ἀπελληϊανοί, ὢν καὶ αὐτὸς συσχολαστὴς αὐτοῦ Λουκιανοῦ καὶ μαθητὴς τοῦ προειρημένου Μαρκίωνος, ὡς ἐκ μιᾶς ῥίζης πολλῶν ἀκανθῶν ὑλομανήσασαι παραφυάδες. ἕτερα δὲ οὗτος 2.190 παρὰ τοὺς ἄλλους βούλεται δογματίζειν καὶ κατὰ μὲν τοῦ ἑαυτοῦ διδασκάλου ὁπλισάμενος ἑαυτὸν καὶ κατὰ τῆς ἀληθείας, εἰς τὸ συναγείρειν ἑαυτῷ καὶ αὐτὸς σχολὴν πεπλανημένων ἀνθρώπων, τὰ τοιαῦτα βούλεται δογματίζειν, φάσκων μὲν ὅτι οὐχ οὕτως, φησί, γεγένηται, ἀλλὰ πεπλάνηται Μαρκίων, ἵνα πανταχόθεν ἑαυτὴν ἐλέγχουσά τε ἡ ἄνοια καὶ ἡ ἀνομία ἐν ἑαυτῇ συντριβομένη φανήσεται καὶ καθ' ἑαυτῆς τὴν ἀνατροπὴν ἐπεγείρουσα, τῆς ἀληθείας ἀεὶ ἑδραίας οὔσης καὶ μὴ χρείαν ἐχούσης βοηθείας, ἀλλὰ αὐτοσυστάτου οὔσης καὶ παρὰ θεῷ τῷ ὄντως ὄντι ἀεὶ συνιστωμένης. Φάσκει γοῦν οὗτος ὁ προειρημένος Ἀπελλῆς καὶ οἱ ἀπ' αὐτοῦ ὅτι οὐκ εἰσὶ τρεῖς ἀρχαὶ οὔτε δύο, ὡς τοῖς περὶ Λουκιανὸν καὶ Μαρκίωνα ἔδοξεν, ἀλλά, φησίν, εἷς ἐστιν ἀγαθὸς θεὸς καὶ μία ἀρχὴ καὶ μία δύναμις ἀκατονόμαστος· ᾧ ἑνὶ θεῷ ἤγουν μιᾷ ἀρχῇ οὐδὲν μεμέ2.191 ληται τῶν ἐνταῦθα ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ τούτῳ γεγενημένων, ἀλλὰ ὁ αὐτὸς ἅγιος ἄνωθεν θεὸς καὶ ἀγαθὸς ἐποίησεν ἕνα ἄλλον θεόν· ὁ δὲ γενόμενος ἄλλος θεὸς ἔκτισε τὰ πάντα, οὐρανὸν καὶ γῆν καὶ πάντα τὰ ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ. ἀπέβη δὲ οὐκ ἀγαθὸς καὶ τὰ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ γενόμενα, φησίν, οὐκ ἀγαθῶς εἰργασμένα, ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὴν αὐτοῦ φαύλην διάνοιαν τὰ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ * ἔκτισται. Τίς δὲ ἀνέξεται τῶν τοιούτων λόγων καὶ οὐ μᾶλλον καταγελάσειε τῆς τοιαύτης ματαιοπονίας; κατὰ γὰρ δύο τρόπους εὑρεθήσεται οὐχ ἁρμοδίως πράττων, χρώμενος τῇ τοιαύτῃ ὑπονοίᾳ. καὶ διὰ τοῦτο πρὸς αὐτὸν ὡς πρὸς παρόντα ἐρῶ· λέγε μοι, ὦ οὗτος. δώσεις γάρ, ὦ Ἀπελλῆ, ἢ τὸν θεὸν ἄγνωστον τῶν μελλόντων πεποιηκότα θεὸν ὃν φάσκεις τὰ ποιήματα κακῶς δεδημιουργηκέναι, ἢ προγινώσκοντα μὲν ὅτι τοιοῦτος ὁ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ κτιζόμενος θεὸς ἀποβήσεται, τούτου χάριν αὐτὸν πεποιηκέναι, ἵνα μὴ αἴτιος γένηται τῶν κακῶς ὑπ' αὐτοῦ δεδημιουργημένων. καὶ ἔσται ἐξ ἅπαντος ὁ ἄνω θεὸς αὐτὸς δημιουργός, ποιήσας τὸν ἕνα τὸν τὰ πάντα πεποιηκότα, καὶ ἔσται οὐκέτι αἴτιος ὁ τὰς κτίσεις πεποιηκώς, ἀλλὰ ὁ ἄνω θεὸς ὁ τὸν κτιστὴν ποιήσας καὶ ὢν αὐτὸς τῶν πάντων δημιουργός. Χριστὸν δὲ ἥκειν φησὶν ἐπ' ἐσχάτων τῶν καιρῶν, υἱὸν ὄντα τοῦ ἄνω ἀγαθοῦ θεοῦ, καὶ τὸ ἅγιον αὐτοῦ πνεῦμα ὡσαύτως ἐπὶ σωτηρίᾳ τῶν εἰς γνῶσιν αὐτοῦ ἐρχομένων, καὶ ἐλθόντα οὐ δοκήσει 2.192 πεφηνέναι, ἀλλὰ ἐν ἀληθείᾳ σάρκα εἰληφέναι, οὐκ ἀπὸ Μαρίας τῆς παρθένου, ἀλλὰ ἀληθινὴν μὲν ἐσχηκέναι τὴν σάρκα καὶ σῶμα, οὔτε δὲ ἀπὸ σπέρματος ἀνδρὸς οὔτε ἀπὸ γυναικὸς παρθένου. ἀλλὰ ἔσχεν μὲν σάρκα ἀληθινήν, τούτῳ δὲ τῷ τρόπῳ· καί, φησίν, ἐν τῷ ἔρχεσθαι ἀπὸ τῶν ἐπουρανίων ἦλθεν εἰς τὴν γῆν καὶ συνήγαγεν ἑαυτῷ ἀπὸ τῶν τεσσάρων στοιχείων σῶμα. καὶ πῶς καὶ οὗτος οὐκ ἐπείγεται εἰς τὸ φωραθῆναι αὐτοῦ τὴν ἀνομίαν ἀκολουθοῦσαν ταῖς τῶν παλαιῶν Ἑλλήνων ποιητῶν περὶ τῆς κενοφωνίας ταύτης δόξαις; φάσκει γὰρ καὶ οὗτος, ὡς ἐκεῖνοι καὶ ἔτι ψυχροτέρως παρ' ἐκείνους