222

to make a record of it at once, but on the following day to report to him whoever had been left behind, in order that the fitting punishment might be inflicted upon him. 5.25.17 And he commanded the artisans to use musical instruments on the circuit-wall by night, and he sent some of the soldiers, and not least of the Maurusians, outside, who were to be constantly bivouacking about the moat, and with them he let loose dogs, in order that no one approaching 5.25.18 the circuit-wall even from a distance should escape notice; at that time also some of the Romans attempted secretly to force open 5.25.19 the doors of the temple of Janus. This Janus was the first of the ancient gods, whom the Romans in their own tongue used to call Penates. And he has his temple in the forum in front of the senate-house, a little beyond the 5.25.20 Tria Fata. For so the Romans have been accustomed to call the Fates. And the whole temple is of bronze, set up in a square shape, but just large enough to cover the statue 5.25.21 of Janus. This statue is of bronze and not less than five cubits high, in all other respects resembling a man, but it has a double-faced head, and of the two faces one is turned toward the rising sun, and the 5.25.22 other toward the setting sun. And there are bronze doors before each face, which the Romans of old were accustomed to close in time of peace and prosperity, but they opened them when war was upon them. 5.25.23 But since the Romans came to honour the Christian faith, if any people ever did, they no longer opened these doors even when 5.25.24 they were at war. But during this very siege some men, having in mind, I think, the ancient opinion, had undertaken to open them secretly, but they were not entirely able to do so, except indeed that the doors were not closed against each other as they had been previously. 5.25.25 And indeed those who had undertaken to do this escaped notice. And no investigation of the act was made, since it had happened in a great tumult, because it was not known to the magistrates, nor did it come to the people, except to a very few. 5.26.1 But Wittigis, at first overcome by anger and perplexity, sent some of his bodyguards to Ravenna and ordered them to kill all the Romans of the senatorial class, whom at the beginning of this war he had brought there. 5.26.2 And some of them, learning of it beforehand, were able to escape, among whom were Bergentinus and Reparatus, the brother of Vigilius, the chief priest of Rome, who both made their way to Liguria and remained there. But all the rest 5.26.3 were put to death. After this Wittigis, seeing that the enemy had great freedom both to carry out anything they wished from the city and to bring in provisions by land and sea, decided to seize the harbour, which the 5.26.4 Romans call Portus. This is one hundred and twenty-six stades distant from the city. For by so great a measure is Rome cut off from being on the sea. 5.26.5 It is where the river Tiber has its mouth, which, flowing from Rome, when it gets nearer the sea, at a distance of about fifteen stades, splits in two and there forms the so-called Sacred Isle. 5.26.6 And as the river proceeds the island becomes wider, so that the measure of its width is proportional to its length, for each of the two streams flows for fifteen stades. And the Tiber remains navigable on both sides. 5.26.7 Now the branch of the river on the right empties into the harbour, and outside this the Romans of old built a city on the bank, surrounded by a very strong wall, and they call it Portus, giving it the same name as the harbour; 5.26.8 but on the left, at the other mouth of the Tiber into the sea, lies the city of Ostia, outside the river's bank, worthy of much account in olden times, but now being altogether without walls. 5.26.9 Now the road which leads to Rome from Portus the Romans had made level from the beginning and with no obstacle. 5.26.10 And many barges are always moored purposely in the harbour, and a goodly number of oxen stand in readiness very near at hand. 5.26.11 Whenever, therefore, the merchants arrive at the harbour with their ships, taking up the cargoes from there and placing them in the barges, they sail up the Tiber to Rome, with sails

222

καταστήσασθαι ἐν τῷ παραυτίκα, ἀναφέρειν δὲ τῇ ὑστεραίᾳ ἐφ' ἑαυτὸν, ὅστις ποτὲ ὁ ἀπολειφθεὶς εἴη, ὅπως δὴ κόλασις ἡ προσήκουσα ἐς αὐτὸν γίνοιτο. 5.25.17 καὶ μουσικοῖς μὲν ὀργάνοις χρήσασθαι τοὺς τεχνίτας ἐν τῷ περιβόλῳ νύκτωρ ἐκέλευε, τῶν δὲ στρατιωτῶν τινας καὶ οὐχ ἥκιστα τῶν Μαυρουσίων ἔξω ἔπεμπεν, οἳ ἀμφὶ τὴν τάφρον διανυκτερεύσειν ἀεὶ ἔμελλον, καὶ ξὺν αὐτοῖς κύνας ἠφίει, ὅπως δὴ μηδὲ ἄποθέν τις 5.25.18 ἐπὶ τὸν περίβολον ἰὼν διαλάθοι· τότε καὶ τοῦ Ἰάνου νεὼ τὰς θύρας τῶν τινες Ῥωμαίων βιασάμενοι ἀνα5.25.19 κλῖναι λάθρα ἐπειράσαντο. ὁ δὲ Ἴανος οὗτος πρῶτος μὲν ἦν τῶν ἀρχαίων θεῶν, οὓς δὴ Ῥωμαῖοι γλώσσῃ τῇ σφετέρᾳ Πένατες ἐκάλουν. ἔχει δὲ τὸν νεὼν ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ πρὸ τοῦ βουλευτηρίου ὀλίγον ὑπερβάντι τὰ 5.25.20 Τρία Φᾶτα. οὕτω γὰρ Ῥωμαῖοι τὰς Μοίρας νενομίκασι καλεῖν. ὅ τε νεὼς ἅπας χαλκοῦς ἐν τῷ τετραγώνῳ σχήματι ἕστηκε, τοσοῦτος μέντοι, ὅσον τὸ ἄγαλμα 5.25.21 τοῦ Ἰάνου σκέπειν. ἔστι δὲ χαλκοῦν οὐχ ἧσσον ἢ πηχῶν πέντε τὸ ἄγαλμα τοῦτο, τὰ μὲν ἄλλα πάντα ἐμφερὲς ἀνθρώπῳ, διπρόσωπον δὲ τὴν κεφαλὴν ἔχον, καὶ τοῖν προσώποιν θάτερον μὲν πρὸς ἀνίσχοντα, τὸ 5.25.22 δὲ ἕτερον πρὸς δύοντα ἥλιον τέτραπται. θύραι τε χαλκαῖ ἐφ' ἑκατέρῳ προσώπῳ εἰσὶν, ἃς δὴ ἐν μὲν εἰρήνῃ καὶ ἀγαθοῖς πράγμασιν ἐπιτίθεσθαι τὸ παλαιὸν Ῥωμαῖοι ἐνόμιζον, πολέμου δὲ σφίσιν ὄντος ἀνέῳγον. 5.25.23 ἐπεὶ δὲ τὸ Χριστιανῶν δόγμα, εἴπερ τινὲς ἄλλοι, Ῥωμαῖοι ἐτίμησαν, ταύτας δὴ τὰς θύρας οὐκέτι οὐδὲ πο5.25.24 λεμοῦντες ἀνέκλινον. ἀλλ' ἐν ταύτῃ δὴ τῇ πολιορκίᾳ τινὲς τὴν παλαιὰν, οἶμαι, δόξαν ἐν νῷ ἔχοντες ἐγκεχειρήκασι μὲν αὐτὰς ἀνοιγνύναι λάθρα, οὐ μέντοι παντάπασιν ἴσχυσαν, πλήν γε δὴ ὅσον μὴ ἐς ἀλλήλας, 5.25.25 ὥσπερ τὸ πρότερον, μεμυκέναι τὰς θύρας. καὶ ἔλαθόν γε οἱ τοῦτο δρᾶν ἐγκεχειρηκότες. ζήτησις δὲ τοῦ ἔργου οὐδεμία ἅτε ἐν μεγάλῳ θορύβῳ ἐγεγόνει, ἐπεὶ οὔτε τοῖς ἄρχουσιν ἐγνώσθη, οὔτε ἐς τὸ πλῆθος, ὅτι μὴ ἐς ὀλίγους κομιδῆ, ἦλθεν. 5.26.1 Οὐίττιγις δὲ τὰ μὲν πρῶτα θυμῷ τε καὶ ἀπορίᾳ ἐχόμενος τῶν δορυφόρων τινὰς ἐς Ῥάβενναν πέμψας Ῥωμαίων τοὺς ἐκ βουλῆς ἅπαντας, οὕσπερ κατ' ἀρχὰς τοῦδε τοῦ πολέμου ἐνταῦθα ἤγαγε, κτείνειν 5.26.2 ἐκέλευε. καὶ αὐτῶν τινες μὲν προμαθόντες φυγεῖν ἴσχυσαν, ἐν οἷς Βηργεντῖνός τε ἦν καὶ Ῥεπάρατος, Βιγιλίου ἀδελφὸς, τοῦ Ῥώμης ἀρχιερέως, οἵπερ ἄμφω ἐς Λιγούρους κομισθέντες αὐτοῦ ἔμενον. οἱ δὲ λοιποὶ 5.26.3 ἅπαντες διεφθάρησαν. μετὰ δὲ Οὐίττιγις πολλὴν ἄδειαν ὁρῶν τοῖς πολεμίοις οὖσαν ἐκφορεῖν τε εἴ τι ἐκ τῆς πόλεως βούλοιντο, καὶ τὰ ἐπιτήδεια κατά τε γῆν καὶ θάλασσαν ἐσκομίζεσθαι, τὸν λιμένα, ὃν δὴ 5.26.4 Πόρτον Ῥωμαῖοι καλοῦσι, καταλαβεῖν ἔγνω. ὃς δὴ ἀπέχει μὲν τῆς πόλεως ἓξ καὶ εἴκοσι καὶ ἑκατὸν σταδίους. μέτρῳ γὰρ τοσούτῳ τὸ μὴ ἐπιθαλασσία εἶναι διείργεται 5.26.5 Ῥώμη. ἔστι δὲ ᾗ ὁ ποταμὸς Τίβερις τὰς ἐκβολὰς ἔχει, ὃς δὴ ἐκ Ῥώμης φερόμενος, ἐπειδὰν τῆς θαλάσσης ἐγγυτέρω γένηται ὅσον ἀπὸ σταδίων πεντεκαίδεκα, δίχα σχιζόμενος τὴν ἱερὰν νῆσον καλουμένην ἐνταῦθα 5.26.6 ποιεῖ. προϊόντος τε τοῦ ποταμοῦ εὐρυτέρα ἡ νῆσος γίνεται, ὡς τῷ μήκει τὸ τοῦ εὔρους μέτρον κατὰ λόγον εἶναι, σταδίους γὰρ πεντεκαίδεκα ῥεῦμα ἑκάτερον ἐν μέσῳ ἔχει. ναυσίπορός τε ὁ Τίβερις ἀμφοτέρωθι μένει. 5.26.7 τὸ μὲν οὖν ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ ποταμοῦ μέρος ἐς τὸν λιμένα τὰς ἐκβολὰς ποιεῖται, ὧν ἐκτὸς πόλιν ἐκ παλαιοῦ Ῥωμαῖοι πρὸς τῇ ὄχθῃ ἐδείμαντο, τεῖχος περιβεβλημένην ἐχυρὸν μάλιστα, Πόρτον τε αὐτὴν τῷ λιμένι ὁμωνύ5.26.8 μως καλοῦσιν· ἐν ἀριστερᾷ δὲ πρὸς τῇ ἑτέρᾳ τοῦ Τιβέριδος ἐς τὴν θάλασσαν ἐκβολῇ πόλις Ὀστία κεῖται, τῆς τοῦ ποταμοῦ ἠϊόνος ἐκτὸς, λόγου μὲν πολλοῦ τὸ παλαιὸν ἀξία, νῦν δὲ ἀτείχιστος παντάπασιν οὖσα. 5.26.9 ὁδὸν τοίνυν, ἣ ἐς Ῥώμην ἐκ τοῦ Πόρτου φέρει, ὁμαλήν τε καὶ ἐμπόδιον οὐδὲν ἔχουσαν τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς Ῥω5.26.10 μαῖοι πεποίηνται. βάρεις τε ἀεὶ πολλαὶ ἐξεπίτηδες ἐν τῷ λιμένι ὁρμίζονται, καὶ βόες οὐκ ὀλίγοι ἐν παρα5.26.11 σκευῇ ἀγχοτάτω ἑστᾶσιν. ἐπειδὰν οὖν οἱ ἔμποροι ταῖς ναυσὶν ἐς τὸν λιμένα ἀφίκωνται, ἄραντες τὰ φορτία ἐνθένδε καὶ ταῦτα ἐνθέμενοι ἐν ταῖς βάρεσι, πλέουσι διὰ τοῦ Τιβέριδος ἐπὶ τὴν Ῥώμην, ἱστίοις