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great things that happen, but also by nature itself. And the saying is truly dreadful and fearful, yet it must be said, that it might shake and disturb our mind; showing that we fear men much more than God, and we honor men more than God. Consider this: the adulterer knows that God sees him, and yet he despises Him; but if a man sees him, he restrains his desire. Does he not only prefer men, does he not insult God, but also what is much worse, fearing them, he despises Him. For if he sees them, he restrains the flame of desire. Or rather, what flame? It is no longer a flame, but an outrage. For if it were not permitted to have a wife, the matter would reasonably be a flame; but now it is an outrage and wantonness. For if he sees men, he stops his madness; but he cares less for the long-suffering of God. Again, another, the thief, knows that he is stealing, and he tries to deceive men, and makes excuses to his accusers, and gives a form to his defense; but not being able to persuade God, he does not care, nor is he ashamed, nor does he honor Him. And if the king commands to abstain from the property of another, or rather to even give one's own, we all readily contribute; but when God commands not to steal, nor to take what belongs to others, we do not tolerate it. Do you see that we prefer men to God? The saying is burdensome and offensive; but show that it is burdensome, flee from the deed; but if you do not fear the deed, how can I believe you when you say, "We fear the words, and you are hard on us?" You burden yourselves by the deed, and no one says a word; but if I speak the words for the things you do, you are indignant? And how is this not absurd? May what I say be false; I wish to gain the reputation of a reviler on that day, as having reviled you rashly and in vain, rather than to see you accused for such things. Not only do you yourselves prefer men to God, but you also compel others. Many have compelled many servants and children; some they dragged into marriage against their will, others to serve in improper ministries and defiled love and thefts and avarice and acts of violence; so that the crime is twofold, and they find no excuse even from necessity. For if you yourself unwillingly do evil things, and because of the command of a ruler; although this is not a sufficient defense, yet the sin becomes more grievous when you also compel them to fall into the same things. For what pardon could there be for such a person then? I have said these things, not wishing to condemn you, but to show how much we are debtors to God. For if, even by honoring a man equally with God, we insult God; how much more when we prefer men. If even these sins committed against men are shown to be much greater against God; how much more so, when the sin itself in its quality is greater and more grievous? Let a man examine himself, and he will see that he does all things for the sake of men. We would be very 63.863 blessed, if we did as much for God as we do for men, and for the glory from men and the fear, and the honor. If, therefore, we are responsible for so much, we ought with all readiness to forgive those who wrong us and take advantage of us, and not to bear a grudge. For it is a way of release from sins that requires neither labors, nor expenditure of money, nor anything else, but simply choice. One does not need to set out on a journey, nor to go into exile, nor to undergo dangers and toils, but only to be willing. What pardon, tell me, shall we have in things that seem difficult, when we do not do a thing that has such profit, and so much benefit, and no labor? Are you not able to despise money, are you not able to spend your possessions on those in need? Are you not able to will something good? are you not able to forgive the one who has wronged you? For if you were not responsible for so much, but God only commanded you to forgive, would it not be necessary? but now, being responsible for so much, you do not forgive? And this too, He requires from what you have of His. If, then, we go to a debtor of ours, he, knowing this, tries to appease

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μεγάλα γινόμενα, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτῇ τῇ φύσει. Καὶ φρικτὸς μὲν ὁ λόγος καὶ φοβερὸς ὄντως, πλὴν ἀνάγκη λεχθῆναι, ἵνα ἡμῶν τὴν διάνοιαν κατασείσῃ καὶ παρασαλεύσῃ· δεικνὺς ὅτι πολλῷ πλέον ἀνθρώπους φοβούμεθα, ἢ τὸν Θεὸν, καὶ τιμῶμεν ἀνθρώπους, ἢ τὸν Θεόν. Ἐννόησον· ὁ μοιχεύων οἶδεν, ὅτι Θεὸς αὐτὸν ὁρᾷ, καὶ τούτου μὲν καταφρονεῖ· ἂν δὲ ἄνθρωπος ἴδῃ, κατέχει τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν. Οὐχὶ προτιμᾷ ἀνθρώπους μόνον, οὐχὶ ὑβρίζει τὸν Θεὸν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ πολλῷ χαλεπώτερον, ἐκείνους δεδοικὼς, τούτου καταφρονεῖ. Ἂν μὲν γὰρ ἐκείνους ἴδῃ, κατέχει τὴν φλόγα τῆς ἐπιθυμίας. Μᾶλλον δὲ ποίαν φλόγα; οὐκέτι φλὸξ, ἀλλὰ ὕβρις. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ μὴ ἐξῆν γυναικὶ κεχρῆσθαι, εἰκότως φλὸξ τὸ πρᾶγμα ἦν· νυνὶ δὲ ὕβρις καὶ στρῆνος. Ἂν μὲν γὰρ ἀνθρώπους ἴδῃ, ἵσταται τῆς μανίας· τῆς δὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ μακροθυμίας ἔλαττον φροντίζει. Πάλιν, ἕτερος ὁ κλέπτων σύνοιδεν ὅτι ἁρπάζει, καὶ ἀνθρώπους μὲν πειρᾶται ἀπατῆσαι, καὶ ἀπολογεῖται πρὸς τοὺς ἐγκαλοῦντας, καὶ σχῆμα περιτίθησι τῇ ἀπολογίᾳ· τὸν δὲ Θεὸν μὴ δυνάμενος πεῖσαι, οὐ φροντίζει, οὐδὲ αἰδεῖται, οὐδὲ τιμᾷ. Κἂν μὲν ὁ βασιλεὺς κελεύσῃ ἀπέχεσθαι τῶν ἑτέρου χρημάτων, μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ τὰ αὐτοῦ δοῦναι, πάντες ἑτοίμως εἰσφέρομεν· τοῦ δὲ Θεοῦ κελεύοντος μὴ ἁρπάζειν, μηδὲ τὰ ἑτέρων λαμβάνειν, οὐκ ἀνεχόμεθα. Ὁρᾷς ὅτι προτιμῶμεν ἀνθρώπους τοῦ Θεοῦ; Φορτικὸν τὸ ῥῆμα καὶ ἐπαχθές· ἀλλὰ δείξατε ὅτι φορτικὸν, φύγετε τὸ ἔργον· εἰ δὲ τὸ ἔργον οὐ δεδοίκατε, πῶς ὑμῖν πιστεῦσαι δύναμαι λέγουσιν, ὅτι Τὰ ῥήματα δεδοίκαμεν, καὶ βαρεῖς ἡμᾶς; Ὑμεῖς ἑαυτοὺς τῷ ἔργῳ βαρεῖτε, καὶ οὐδεὶς λόγος· ἐγὼ δὲ, ἂν τὰ ῥήματα εἴπω, ὧν ὑμεῖς τὰ πράγματα πράττετε, ἀγανακτεῖτε; καὶ πῶς οὐκ ἄτοπον; Γένοιτο ψεῦδος εἶναι τὰ παρ' ἐμοῦ· βούλομαι αὐτὸς λοιδορίας δόξαν λαβεῖν κατ' ἐκείνην τὴν ἡμέραν, ὡς εἰκῆ καὶ μάτην λοιδορησάμενος ὑμᾶς, ἢ ἰδεῖν ὑπὲρ τοιούτων ἐγκαλουμένους. Οὐ μόνον δὲ αὐτοὶ ἀνθρώπους προτιμᾶτε τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἑτέρους ἀναγκάζετε. Πολλοὶ πολλοὺς οἰκέτας ἠνάγκασαν καὶ παῖδας· οἱ μὲν εἰς γάμον εἵλκυσαν μὴ βουλομένους, οἱ δὲ ὑπηρετήσασθαι διακονίαις ἀτόποις καὶ ἔρωτι μιαρῷ καὶ ἁρπαγαῖς καὶ πλεονεξίαις καὶ βίαις· ὥστε διπλοῦν εἶναι τὸ ἔγκλημα, καὶ μηδὲ ἀπὸ τῆς ἀνάγκης συγγνώμην αὐτοὺς εὑρέσθαι. Εἰ γὰρ αὐτὸς ἄκων πράττεις τὰ πονηρὰ, καὶ διὰ τὸ ἐπίταγμα τοῦ ἄρχοντος· μάλιστα μὲν οὐδὲ οὕτως ἱκανὴ ἡ ἀπολογία, πλὴν χαλεπωτέρα γίνεται ἡ ἁμαρτία, ὅταν καὶ ἐκείνους ἀναγκάζῃς τοῖς αὐτοῖς περιπίπτειν. Ποία γὰρ ἂν εἴη τῷ τοιούτῳ συγγνώμη λοιπόν; Ταῦτα εἶπον, οὐχὶ κατακρῖναι βουλόμενος ὑμᾶς, ἀλλὰ δεῖξαι πόσων ἐσμὲν ὀφειλέται τῷ Θεῷ. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ ἐξ ἴσου τιμῶντες ἄνθρωπον τοῦ Θεοῦ, ὑβρίζομεν τὸν Θεόν· πολλῷ μᾶλλον, ὅταν προτιμῶμεν ἀνθρώπους. Εἰ καὶ ταῦτα τὰ ἁμαρτήματα τὰ εἰς ἀνθρώπους γινόμενα, εἰς Θεὸν πολλῷ μείζονα δείκνυται· πόσῳ μᾶλλον, ὅτε καὶ αὐτὴ ἡ ἁμαρτία τῇ ποιότητι μείζων ᾖ καὶ χαλεπωτέρα; Ἐξεταζέτω τις ἑαυτὸν, καὶ ὄψεται πάντα δι' ἀνθρώπους ποιῶν. Σφόδρα ἦμεν μα 63.863 κάριοι, εἰ τοσαῦτα διὰ τὸν Θεὸν ἐπράττομεν, ὅσα δι' ἀνθρώπους, καὶ τὴν παρὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων δόξαν καὶ τὸν φόβον, καὶ τὴν τιμήν. Εἰ τοίνυν τοσούτων ἐσμὲν ὑπεύθυνοι, ὀφείλομεν μετὰ πάσης προθυμίας ἀφιέναι τοῖς ἀδικοῦσιν ἡμᾶς καὶ πλεονεκτοῦσι, καὶ μὴ μνησικακεῖν. Ὁδὸς γάρ ἐστι λύσεως ἁμαρτημάτων οὐδὲ πόνων δεομένη, οὐδὲ δαπάνης χρημάτων, οὐδὲ ἄλλου οὐδενὸς, ἀλλ' ἁπλῶς προαιρέσεως. Οὐκ ἀποδημίαν χρὴ στείλασθαι, οὐκ εἰς τὴν ὑπερορίαν ἐλθεῖν, οὐ κινδύνους ὑποστῆναι καὶ πόνους, ἀλλὰ θελῆσαι μόνον. Ποίαν, εἰπέ μοι, συγγνώμην ἕξομεν ἐν τοῖς δοκοῦσιν εἶναι δυσκόλοις, ὅταν καὶ πρᾶγμα τοσοῦτον ἔχον κέρδος, καὶ τοσαύτην τὴν ὠφέλειαν, καὶ οὐδένα πόνον, μὴ πράττωμεν; Οὐ δύνασαι χρημάτων καταφρονῆσαι, οὐ δύνασαι τὰ ὄντα δαπανῆσαι εἰς τοὺς δεομένους; θελῆσαι οὐ δύνασαί τι ἀγαθόν; ἀφεῖναι τῷ ἠδικηκότι οὐ δύνασαι; Εἰ γὰρ μὴ τοσούτων ὑπεύθυνος ἦς, ἐκέλευσε δὲ μόνον ὁ Θεὸς ἀφεῖναι, οὐκ ἔδει; νῦν δὲ τοσούτων ὑπεύθυνος ὢν οὐκ ἀφίης; καὶ ταῦτα δὲ, ἀφ' ὧν ἔχεις αὐτοῦ ἀπαιτεῖ. Ἂν μὲν οὖν ἡμεῖς παρ' ὀφειλέτην ἔλθωμεν ἡμέτερον, ἐκεῖνος εἰδὼς τοῦτο, θεραπεύει