Chapter VIII.

And it is not matter of surprise that in certain generations there have existed prophets who, in the reception of divine influence,638    ἐν τῇ παραδοχῇ τῆς θειότητος. surpassed, by means of their stronger and more powerful (religious) life, other prophets who were their contemporaries, and others also who lived before and after them.  And so it is not at all wonderful that there should also have been a time when something of surpassing excellence639    ἐξαίρετόν τι χρῆμα. took up its abode among the human race, and which was distinguished above all that preceded or even that followed.  But there is an element of profound mystery in the account of these things, and one which is incapable of being received by the popular understanding.  And in order that these difficulties should be made to disappear, and that the objections raised against the advent of Christ should be answered—viz., that, “after so long a period of time, then, did God now bethink himself of making men live righteous lives, but neglect to do so before?”—it is necessary to touch upon the narrative of the divisions (of the nations), and to make it evident why it was, that “when the Most High divided the nations, when He separated the sons of Adam, He set the bounds of the nations according to the number of the angels of God, and the portion of the Lord was His people Jacob, Israel the cord of His inheritance;”640    Deut. xxxii. 8, 9 (according to the LXX.). and it will be necessary to state the reason why the birth of each man took place within each particular boundary, under him who obtained the boundary by lot, and how it rightly happened that “the portion of the Lord was His people Jacob, and Israel the cord of His inheritance,” and why formerly the portion of the Lord was His people Jacob, and Israel the cord of His inheritance.  But with respect to those who come after, it is said to the Saviour by the Father, “Ask of Me, and I will give Thee the heathen for Thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for Thy possession.”641    Cf. Ps. ii. 8.  For there are certain connected and related reasons, bearing upon the different treatment of human souls, which are difficult to state and to investigate.642    Εἰσὶ γάρ τινες εἱρμοὶ καὶ ἀκολουθίαι ἄφατοι καὶ ἀνεκδιήγητοι περὶ τῆς κατὰ τὰς ἀνθρωπίνας ψυχὰς διαφόρου οἰκονομίας.

Οὐδὲν δὲ θαυμαστὸν τὸ γενεαῖς τισι προφήτας γεγο νέναι, ὑπερέχοντας ἐν τῇ παραδοχῇ τῆς θειότητος διὰ τὸν ἐπὶ πλεῖον εὔτονον καὶ ἐρρωμένον βίον ἑτέρων προφητῶν, τινῶν μὲν κατ' αὐτοὺς ἄλλων δὲ προγενεστέρων ἢ μεταγε νεστέρων. Οὕτω δὲ οὐ θαυμαστὸν καί τινα καιρὸν γεγονέναι, ὅτ' ἐξαίρετόν τι χρῆμα ἐπιδεδήμηκε τῷ γένει τῶν ἀνθρώπων καὶ διαφέρον παρὰ τοὺς προγενεστέρους αὐτοῦ ἢ καὶ μετα γενεστέρους. Ἔχει δέ τι ὁ περὶ τούτων λόγος μυστικώτερον καὶ βαθύτερον καὶ μὴ πάνυ τι φθάνειν δυνάμενον ἐπὶ τὴν δημωδεστέραν ἀκοήν. Καὶ δεῖ ὑπὲρ τοῦ ταῦτα σαφηνισθῆναι καὶ ἀπαντηθῆναι πρὸς τὰ λεγόμενα περὶ τῆς Χριστοῦ ἐπιδημίας, ὅτι νῦν ἆρα μετὰ τοσοῦτον αἰῶνα ὁ θεὸς ἀνεμνήσθη δικαιῶσαι τὸ ἀνθρώπων γένος, πρότερον δὲ ἠμέλει; ἅψασθαι τοῦ περὶ μερίδων λόγου καὶ σαφηνίσαι, διὰ τί "Ὅτε διεμέ ριζεν ὁ ὕψιστος ἔθνη, ὡς διέσπειρεν υἱοὺς Ἀδάμ, ἔστησεν ὅρια ἐθνῶν κατ' ἀριθμὸν ἀγγέλων θεοῦ· καὶ ἐγενήθη μερὶς κυρίου λαὸς αὐτοῦ Ἰακώβ, σχοίνισμα κληρονομίας αὐτοῦ Ἰσραήλ"· καὶ δεήσει τὴν αἰτίαν εἰπεῖν τῆς εἰς ἕκαστον ὅριον γενέσεως ὑπὸ τὸν κεκληρωμένον τὸ ὅριον, καὶ πῶς εὐλόγως "ἐγενήθη μερὶς κυρίου λαὸς αὐτοῦ Ἰακώβ, σχοίνισμα κληρονομίας αὐτοῦ Ἰσραήλ"· καὶ διὰ τί πρότερον μὲν ἦν "μερὶς κυρίου λαὸς αὐτοῦ Ἰακώβ, σχοίνισμα κληρονομίας αὐτοῦ Ἰσραήλ", περὶ δὲ τῶν ὕστερον λέγεται πρὸς τὸν σωτῆρα ὑπὸ τοῦ πατρός· "Αἴτησαι παρ' ἐμοῦ, καὶ δώσω σοι ἔθνη τὴν κληρονομίαν σου καὶ τὴν κατάσχεσίν σου τὰ πέρατα τῆς γῆς." Εἰσὶ γάρ τινες εἱρμοὶ καὶ ἀκολουθίαι ἄφατοι καὶ ἀνεκδιήγητοι περὶ τῆς κατὰ τὰς ἀνθρωπίνας ψυχὰς διαφόρου οἰκονομίας.