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Is there a God? From the things that are seen, he says, from the good order in all creation, from the fact that this is manifest to all. Thus, then, also accept the argument concerning judgment. How, he says. I will ask you, and you answer me. Is God Himself just, and does He give to each according to his desert, or the opposite, does He wish the unjust to prosper and live in luxury, but the good to be in the opposite circumstances? By no means, he says; for not even a man would suffer this. Where then will those who have done well here enjoy good things? and where will the wicked [enjoy] the opposite, if there is not to be a life and a recompense after this? Do you see that it is one for one, and not two for one? or rather, will it be two for nothing for the just, but for sinners who also live in luxury 63.881 here the complete opposite? For those who have lived in luxury here and then are punished there have not received even one for one; but those who live in virtue [receive] two for nothing. For who are at ease? those who have made full use of the present life, or those who have lived as philosophers? You perhaps will say the former, but I will show it to be the latter, calling as witnesses those very ones who have enjoyed the present things, and they will not be shameless in the face of what I am about to say. For some have often cursed their matchmakers, and the day on which the bridal chambers were prepared, and have called blessed those who have not married; and many have refused for no other reason than because of the burdensome nature of the matter. And I say these things, not slandering marriage, for it is honorable, but because of those who use it badly. But if those who have been joined in marriage have often considered life unlivable, what should we say about those who have been brought down into the pits of fornication, and are in a more slavish and wretched state than any captive? about those who have rotted in luxury, and have clothed their body with countless diseases? But to be in glory is pleasant. Nothing, then, is more bitter than this slavery. For the vainglorious man is more slavish than all slaves, and wishes to please any chance person; but he who has trampled this underfoot is superior to all, and is the only free man, the one who does not care for the opinion of others. But is it desirable to have money? But we have often shown that those who are free from these things and have nothing are rather in greater wealth and ease. But is getting drunk pleasant? And who would say this? Therefore, not to be rich is more pleasant than to be rich, and not to marry than to marry, and not to be vainglorious than to be vainglorious, and not to live in luxury than to live in luxury; and here those who are not nailed to present things have the advantage. And I do not yet say, that man, though he be stretched on countless tortures, has the good hope that supports him; but this man, though he enjoy countless luxuries, has the fear of the future that disturbs and confounds his pleasure; for this too is no small manner of punishment, just as the opposite is of luxury and ease. And there is a third manner after this one. What is this one? That the things of worldly luxury do not even appear when they exist, being refuted by nature and by time; but those things not only exist, but also remain unmovable. See that we shall be able to say not only two for nothing, but also three, and five, and ten, and a myriad for nothing. But that you may learn this very thing by an example, pay attention: The rich man and Lazarus, the one enjoyed present things, the other future things; does it then seem to you to be one and the same thing to be punished for all time and to suffer for a brief hour? to be sick in a corruptible body, and to be harshly scorched immortally? to be crowned and to live in luxury immortally after that small sickness, and to be tormented endlessly after the brief enjoyment of present things? And who would say these things? For what would you have us say? The quantity? The quality? God's vote concerning each according to their worth? For how long will you utter the words of beetles continually rolling in dung? for these are not [the words] of rational men, to give up so precious a soul for nothing, when it is possible with a little labor to receive the heavens. Do you want me to teach you from another source also, that there is a fearful judgment there? Open the doors of your conscience, and see the one in the

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ἔστι Θεός; Ἀπὸ τῶν ὁρωμένων, φησὶν, ἀπὸ τῆς εὐταξίας τῆς ἐν πάσῃ τῇ κτίσει, ἀπὸ τοῦ πᾶσιν εἶναι τοῦτο κατάδηλον. Οὕτως οὖν καὶ τὸν περὶ κρίσεως δέχου λόγον. Πῶς, φησίν· Ἐρήσομαί σε, σὺ δέ μοι ἀπόκριναι. ∆ίκαιός ἐστιν αὐτὸς ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ τὰ κατ' ἀξίαν ἀπονέμει ἑκάστῳ, ἢ τοὐναντίον, τοὺς μὲν ἀδίκους βούλεται εὐημερεῖν καὶ τρυφᾷν, τοὺς δὲ ἀγαθοὺς ἐν τοῖς ἐναντίοις εἶναι; Οὐδαμῶς, φησίν· οὐδὲ γὰρ ἄνθρωπος τοῦτο πάθοι. Ποῦ οὖν οἱ καλῶς ἐνταῦθα πράξαντες τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἀπολαύσονται; ποῦ δὲ οἱ πονηροὶ τῶν ἐναντίων, εἰ μὴ μέλλει τις μετὰ ταῦτα ζωὴ καὶ ἀντίδοσις εἶναι; Ὁρᾷς, ὅτι ἓν ἀνθ' ἑνὸς, καὶ οὐχὶ δύο ἀνθ' ἑνός; μᾶλλον δὲ δύο ἀντ' οὐδενὸς ἔσται τοῖς δικαίοις, τοῖς δὲ ἁμαρτωλοῖς καὶ ἐνταῦθα τρυ 63.881 φῶσι τοὐναντίον ἅπαν; Οἱ μὲν γὰρ ἐνταῦθα τρυφήσαντες, εἶτα ἐκεῖ κολασθέντες, οὐδὲ ἓν ἀνθ' ἑνὸς ἔλαβον· οἱ δὲ ἐν ἀρετῇ διάγοντες δύο ἀντ' οὐδενός. Τίνες γὰρ ἐν ἀνέσει; οἱ τῷ παρόντι ἀποχρησάμενοι βίῳ, ἢ οἱ φιλοσοφήσαντες; Σὺ μὲν ἴσως ἐκείνους ἐρεῖς, ἐγὼ δὲ τούτους δείκνυμι, μάρτυρας αὐτοὺς ἐκείνους καλῶν τοὺς ἀπολελαυκότας τῶν παρόντων, καὶ οὐκ ἀναισχυντήσουσι πρὸς ἃ μέλλω λέγειν. Καὶ γὰρ προμνηστρίαις τινὲς ἐπηράσαντο πολλάκις, καὶ τῇ ἡμέρᾳ, καθ' ἣν ἐπλάκησαν αἱ παστάδες, καὶ τοὺς μὴ γεγαμηκότας ἐμακάρισαν· πολλοὶ δὲ δι' οὐδὲν ἕτερον παρῃτήσαντο, ἀλλ' ἢ διὰ τὸ φορτικὸν τοῦ πράγματος. Καὶ ταῦτα λέγω, οὐ τὸν γάμον διαβάλλων, τίμιος γὰρ, ἀλλὰ διὰ τοὺς κακῶς αὐτῷ χρωμένους. Εἰ δὲ οἱ γάμῳ ὡμιληκότες ἀβίωτον πολλάκις τὸν βίον ἐνόμισαν, τί ἂν εἴποιμεν περὶ τῶν εἰς πορνικὰ βάραθρα κατενεχθέντων, καὶ παντὸς αἰχμαλώτου δουλικώτερον καὶ ἀθλιώτερον διακειμένων; περὶ τῶν ἐν τρυφῇ κατασαπέντων, καὶ μυρία τῷ σώματι νοσήματα περιβεβληκότων; Ἀλλὰ τὸ ἐν δόξῃ εἶναι ἡδύ. Οὐδὲν μὲν οὖν ταύτης τῆς δουλείας πικρότερον. Καὶ γὰρ ἁπάντων ἀνδραπόδων μᾶλλόν ἐστι δουλικώτερος ὁ κενόδοξος, καὶ τοῖς τυχοῦσιν ἀρέσαι βουλόμενος· ὁ δὲ ταύτην καταπατήσας, πάντων ἐστὶν ἀνώτερος, καὶ μόνος ἐλεύθερος, ὁ μὴ φροντίζων τῆς παρ' ἑτέρων δόξης. Ἀλλὰ τὸ χρήματα ἔχειν ἐπέραστον; Ἀλλὰ πολλάκις ἀπεδείξαμεν, ὅτι ἐν πλείονι πλούτῳ καὶ ἀνέσει οἱ τούτων ἀπηλλαγμένοι καὶ μηδὲν ἔχοντες μᾶλλόν εἰσιν. Ἀλλὰ τὸ μεθύειν ἡδύ; Καὶ τίς ἂν εἴποι τοῦτο; Οὐκοῦν τὸ μὴ πλουτεῖν τοῦ πλουτεῖν ἥδιον, καὶ τὸ μὴ γῆμαι τοῦ γῆμαι, καὶ τὸ μὴ κενοδοξεῖν τοῦ κενοδοξεῖν, καὶ τὸ μὴ τρυφᾷν τοῦ τρυφᾷν· καὶ ἐνταῦθα τὸ πλέον ἔχουσιν οἱ τοῖς παροῦσι μὴ προσηλωμένοι. Καὶ οὕπω λέγω, Ἐκεῖνος μὲν κἂν μυρίοις βασάνοις κατατείνηται, ἔχει τὴν χρηστὴν ἐλπίδα διαβαστάζουσαν αὐτόν· οὗτος δὲ κἂν μυρίας ἀπολαύῃ τρυφῆς, ἔχει τὸν φόβον τοῦ μέλλοντος ἐκταράττοντα αὐτοῦ τὴν ἡδονὴν καὶ συγχέοντα· καὶ γὰρ καὶ οὗτος οὐ μικρὸς τρόπος κολάσεως, ὥσπερ οὖν ὁ ἐναντίος τρυφῆς καὶ ἀνέσεως. Καὶ τρίτος δὲ μετὰ τοῦτόν ἐστι τρόπος. Ποῖος δὴ οὗτος; Ὅτι τὰ μὲν τῆς τρυφῆς τῆς βιωτικῆς οὐδὲ ἡνίκα ἐστὶ φαίνεται, τῇ τε φύσει καὶ τῷ χρόνῳ ἐλεγχόμενα· ἐκεῖνα δὲ οὐ μόνον ἐστὶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀκίνητα μένει. Ὅρα ὅτι οὐ δύο ἀντ' οὐδενὸς μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τρία, καὶ πέντε, καὶ δέκα, καὶ μυρία ἀντ' οὐδενὸς δυνησόμεθα εἶναι. Ἵνα δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ ὑποδείγματος αὐτὸ τοῦτο μάθῃς, πρόσεχε· Ὁ πλούσιος καὶ ὁ Λάζαρος, ὁ μὲν τῶν παρόντων, ὁ δὲ τῶν μελλόντων ἀπήλαυσεν· ἆρα οὖν σοι δοκεῖ ἓν εἶναι καὶ τὸ ἐν παντὶ χρόνῳ κολάζεσθαι καὶ τὸ ἐν βραχείᾳ ὥρᾳ πονεῖν; τὸ νοσεῖν ἐν φθαρτῷ σώματι, καὶ τὸ ἀθάνατα ἀποτηγανίζεσθαι χαλεπῶς; τὸ στεφανοῦσθαι καὶ τὸ τρυφᾷν ἀθάνατα μετὰ τὴν μικρὰν ἀῤῥωστίαν ἐκείνην, καὶ βασανίζεσθαι ἀπέραντα μετὰ τὴν βραχεῖαν τῶν παρόντων ἀπόλαυσιν; Καὶ τίς ἂν ταῦτα εἴποι; Τί γὰρ βούλει εἴπωμεν, τὴν ποσότητα; τὴν ποιότητα; τὴν κατ' ἀξίαν τοῦ Θεοῦ περὶ ἑκατέρων ψῆφον; Μέχρι τίνος τὰ κανθάρων φθέγγεσθε ῥήματα τῶν βορβόρῳ διηνεκῶς ἐγκαλινδουμένων; οὐδὲ γὰρ ἀνθρώτων ταῦτα λογικῶν ψυχὴν οὕτω τιμίαν ἀντ' οὐδενὸς προέσθαι, δέον ὀλίγου πόνου τοὺς οὐρανοὺς λαβεῖν. Βούλει σε καὶ ἑτέρωθεν διδάξω, ὅτι ἔστιν ἐκεῖ κριτήριον φοβερόν; Ἄνοιξόν σου τὰς θύρας τοῦ συνειδότος, καὶ βλέπε τὸν ἐν τῇ