Chapter XVII.

But will not those narratives, especially when they are understood in their proper sense, appear far more worthy of respect than the story that Dionysus was deceived by the Titans, and expelled from the throne of Jupiter, and torn in pieces by them, and his remains being afterwards put together again, he returned as it were once more to life, and ascended to heaven?  Or are the Greeks at liberty to refer such stories to the doctrine of the soul, and to interpret them figuratively, while the door of a consistent explanation, and one everywhere in accord and harmony with the writings of the Divine Spirit, who had His abode in pure souls, is closed against us?  Celsus, then, is altogether ignorant of the purpose of our writings, and it is therefore upon his own acceptation of them that he casts discredit, and not upon their real meaning; whereas, if he had reflected on what is appropriate682    τί ἀκολουθεῖ. to a soul which is to enjoy an everlasting life, and on the opinion which we are to form of its essence and principles, he would not so have ridiculed the entrance of the immortal into a mortal body, which took place not according to the metempsychosis of Plato, but agreeably to another and higher view of things.  And he would have observed one “descent,” distinguished by its great benevolence, undertaken to convert (as the Scripture mystically terms them) the “lost sheep of the house of Israel,” which had strayed down from the mountains, and to which the Shepherd is said in certain parables to have gone down, leaving on the mountains those “which had not strayed.”

Ἆρα δὲ οὐ πολλῷ ταῦτα, καὶ μάλιστα ὅτε ὃν δεῖ τρόπον νοεῖται, σεμνότερα φανεῖται ∆ιονύσου ὑπὸ τῶν Τιτάνων ἀπατωμένου καὶ ἐκπίπτοντος ἀπὸ τοῦ ∆ιὸς θρόνου καὶ σπαρασσομένου ὑπ' αὐτῶν καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα πάλιν συντιθεμένου καὶ οἱονεὶ ἀναβιώσκοντος καὶ ἀναβαίνοντος εἰς οὐρανόν; Ἢ Ἕλλησι μὲν ἔξεστι τὰ τοιαῦτα εἰς τὸν περὶ ψυχῆς ἀνάγειν λόγον καὶ τροπολογεῖν, ἡμῖν δ' ἀποκέκλεισται θύρα ἀκολούθου διηγήσεως, καὶ πανταχοῦ συνᾳδούσης καὶ συμφωνούσης ἐν ταῖς ἀπὸ τοῦ θείου πνεύματος γραφαῖς, γενομένου ἐν καθαραῖς ψυχαῖς; Οὐδαμῶς οὖν ὁ Κέλσος εἶδε τὸ βούλημα τῶν ἡμετέρων γραμμάτων· διόπερ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ ἐκδοχὴν καὶ οὐχὶ τὴν τῶν γραφῶν διαβάλλει. Εἰ δὲ ἦν ἐννοήσας, τί ἀκολουθεῖ ψυχῇ ἐν αἰωνίῳ ἐσομένῃ ζωῇ καὶ τί χρὴ φρονεῖν περὶ τῆς οὐσίας αὐτῆς καὶ περὶ τῶν ἀρχῶν αὐτῆς, οὐκ ἂν οὕτως διέσυρε τὸν ἀθάνατον εἰς θνητὸν ἐρχόμενον σῶμα, οὐ κατὰ τὴν Πλάτωνος μετενσωμάτωσιν ἀλλὰ κατ' ἄλλην τινὰ ὑψηλοτέραν θεωρίαν. Εἶδε δ' ἂν καὶ μίαν ἐξαίρετον ἀπὸ πολλῆς φιλανθρωπίας κατάβασιν ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἐπιστρέψαι τά, ὡς ἡ θεία ὠνόμασε μυστικῶς γραφή, "ἀπολωλότα πρόβατα οἴκου Ἰσραήλ", καὶ καταβάντα ἀπὸ τῶν ὀρῶν πρὸς ἃ ὁ ποιμὴν ἔν τισι παραβολαῖς καταβε βηκέναι λέγεται, καταλιπὼν ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσι τὰ μὴ ἐσφαλμένα.