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leaving with a pure conscience, shines brightly. It is not possible to see a king entering a city with such silence, as a soul that has left the body and is departing with angels. Consider what the soul is, in what astonishment it is then, in what wonder, in what pleasure. Why do you mourn, tell me? But do you do this only for sinners? Would that this were so, and I would not have forbidden mourning; would that such were the purpose; this lamentation is apostolic, this lamentation is of the Lord; for Jesus also wept over Jerusalem. I wished that mourning were distinguished by this law; but when you speak the words of one recalling, and companionship, and protection, you are not mourning for this reason, but are making an excuse. Mourn, groan for the sinner; and I will shed tears, and I even more than you, inasmuch as such a one is liable to a greater punishment; I will lament with such a purpose. But it is not necessary for you alone to lament such a one, but also the whole city and those who meet him, just as those who are led away to death. For truly this is a wicked death, that of sinners. But things have been turned upside down. This lamentation is also of philosophy, and has much teaching, but that one is of small-mindedness. If we all mourned this lamentation, we would have corrected them while they were alive. For just as, if you were able to apply medicines that prevent that bodily death, you would have done so; so also now, if you mourned this death, you would have prevented this from happening both to you and to him. But now what happens is a riddle, that while having power not to allow this to happen, you let it happen, and when it has happened you mourn. Truly worthy of lamentations, when they stand before the judgment seat of Christ, what sort of words will they hear? what sort of things will they suffer? These lived in vain; or rather not in vain, but even for evil. And concerning these it is timely to say: it would have been better for them if they had not been born. For what is the profit, tell me, 63.891 to have spent so much time for the good of their own head? for if it had been spent only in vain, would not the loss have been enough? Tell me, if someone having become a hired servant for twenty years should toil in vain, will he not weep and lament, and seem to be the most pitiful of all? This man toiled his whole life in vain, he lived not a single day for himself, but for luxury, for licentiousness, for greed, for sin, for the devil; shall we not then lament this man, tell me? shall we not try to snatch him from the dangers? For it is possible, it is possible, if only we are willing, for his punishment to become milder. Let us make constant prayers for him, let us give alms, and even if he is unworthy, God will be moved by us. For if Paul had mercy on another, and for the sake of others spared another, much more ought we to do this. From his possessions, from yours, from wherever you wish, help, pour on oil, or rather water. Does he not have his own alms to show? Then at least those of his kindred. Does he not have those done by himself? Then at least those for him, so that his wife might then ask for him with confidence, having paid a ransom for him. The more sins he has become liable for, the greater alms he needs; not only for this reason, but because it does not even have the same power now, but much less. For it is not the same for someone to do it himself, and for another to do it for him. Since therefore it is less, let us make it very great in quantity. Let us not be occupied with tombs, nor with funeral rites; this is the greatest funeral rite; gather widows around, say his name, bid them all to make requests and supplications for him; this will move God. Even if it was not done by him, yet through him another becomes the cause of the alms; and this is of the loving-kindness of God. Widows standing around and weeping know how to snatch from not only the present, but also the future death. Many have also profited from alms given by others on their behalf; for even if not completely, yet they found some comfort. If this is not so, how are children saved? And yet in that case they contribute nothing, but their parents everything. And children have often been granted to women, though they contributed nothing. God has [given] us many of the

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ἀπολείπουσα μετὰ καθαροῦ συνειδότος λάμπει φαιδρόν. Οὐχ οὕτω βασιλέα ἐπιβαίνοντα πόλεως μετὰ τοσαύτης σιγῆς ἔστιν ἰδεῖν, ὡς ψυχὴν ἀφεῖσαν σῶμα, καὶ μετ' ἀγγέλων ἀπιοῦσαν. Ἐννόησον τίς ἐστιν ἡ ψυχὴ, ἐν οἵᾳ τότε ἐκπλήξει γίνεται, ἐν οἵῳ θαύματι, ἐν οἵᾳ ἡδονῇ. Τί πενθεῖς, εἰπέ μοι; Ἀλλ' ἐπὶ ἁμαρτωλῶν τοῦτο μόνον ποιεῖς; Εἴθε τοῦτο ἦν, καὶ οὐκ ἂν ἐκώλυσα τὰ πένθη· εἴθε τοιοῦτος ὁ σκοπὸς ἦν· οὗτος ὁ θρῆνος ἀποστολικὸς, οὗτος ὁ θρῆνος δεσποτικός· ἔκλαυσε γὰρ καὶ Ἰησοῦς τὴν Ἱερουσαλήμ. Ἐβουλόμην τούτῳ διῃρῆσθαι τῷ νόμῳ τὰ πένθη· ὅταν δὲ ἀνακαλουμένου ῥήματα λέγῃς, καὶ συνήθειαν, καὶ προστασίαν, οὐχὶ διὰ τοῦτο πενθεῖς, ἀλλὰ σκέπτῃ. Πένθησον, στέναξον τὸν ἁμαρτωλόν· καὶ ἐγὼ κατάξω δάκρυα, καὶ ἐγὼ σοῦ μᾶλλον, ὅσῳ καὶ μείζονι τιμωρίᾳ ὑπεύθυνος ὁ τοιοῦτος· ἐγὼ θρηνήσω μετὰ τοιούτου σκοποῦ. Οὐ σὲ δὲ μόνον τὸν τοιοῦτον δεῖ θρηνεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὴν πόλιν ἅπασαν καὶ τοὺς ἀπαντῶντας, καθάπερ τοὺς ἐπὶ θάνατον ἀπαγομένους. Ὄντως γὰρ θάνατος οὗτός ἐστι πονηρὸς, ὁ τῶν ἁμαρτωλῶν. Ἀλλὰ τὰ ἄνω κάτω γεγένηται. Οὗτος ὁ θρῆνος καὶ φιλοσοφίας ἐστὶ, καὶ διδασκαλίαν ἔχει πολλὴν, ἐκεῖνος δὲ μικροψυχίαν. Εἰ ἐθρηνοῦμεν τὸν θρῆνον τοῦτον ἅπαντες, ζῶντας ἂν αὐτοὺς διωρθώσαμεν. Ὥσπερ γὰρ, εἰ κύριος ἦς φάρμακα ἐπενεγκεῖν κωλύοντα τὸν θάνατον ἐκεῖνον τὸν σωματικὸν, ἐποίησας ἄν· οὕτω καὶ νῦν, εἰ τοῦτον ἐθρήνεις τὸν θάνατον, ἐκώλυσας ἂν καὶ ἐπὶ σοῦ καὶ ἐπ' ἐκείνου τοῦτο γενέσθαι. Νῦν δὲ αἴνιγμά ἐστι τὸ γινόμενον, κυρίους μὲν ὄντας μὴ συγχωρῆσαι τοῦτο ἐπελθεῖν, ἀφεῖναι γενέσθαι, γενόμενον δὲ πενθεῖν. Ὄντως θρήνων ἄξιοι, ὅταν παραστῶσι τῷ βήματι τοῦ Χριστοῦ, οἷα ἀκούσονται ῥήματα; οἷα πείσονται πράγματα; Εἰκῆ ἔζησαν οὗτοι· μᾶλλον δὲ οὐκ εἰκῆ, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ κακῷ. Καὶ ἐπὶ τούτων εὔκαιρον εἰπεῖν· συμφέρον ἦν αὐτοῖς, εἰ οὐκ ἐγεννήθησαν. Τί γὰρ ὄφελος, εἰπέ μοι, 63.891 τοσοῦτον ἀναλῶσαι χρόνον ἐπὶ καλῷ τῆς ἑαυτῶν κεφαλῆς; εἰ γὰρ εἰκῆ μόνον ἀνήλωτο, οὐκ ἂν ἤρκεσεν ἡ ζημία; Εἰπέ μοι, εἴ τις μισθωτὸς γενόμενος εἴκοσιν ἔτη κατακόπτοιτο εἰκῆ, οὐ κλαύσεται καὶ θρηνήσει, καὶ δόξει πάντων ἐλεεινότερος εἶναι; Οὗτος πᾶσαν τὴν ζωὴν εἰκῆ κατεκόπη, οὐδεμίαν ἡμέραν ἔζησεν ἑαυτῷ, ἀλλὰ τῇ τρυφῇ, τῇ ἀσελγείᾳ, τῇ πλεονεξίᾳ, τῇ ἁμαρτίᾳ, τῷ διαβόλῳ· τοῦτον οὖν οὐ θρηνήσομεν, εἰπέ μοι; οὐ πειρασόμεθα τῶν κινδύνων ἐξαρπάσαι; Ἔστι γὰρ, ἔστιν, ἐὰν μόνον θέλωμεν, ἥμερον αὐτῷ γενέσθαι τὴν κόλασιν. Εὐχὰς ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ ποιῶμεν συνεχεῖς, ἐλεημοσύνην διδῶμεν, κἂν ἐκεῖνος ἀνάξιος ᾖ, ἡμᾶς ὁ Θεὸς δυσωπηθήσεται. Εἰ γὰρ Παῦλος ἕτερον ἠλέησε, καὶ δι' ἄλλους ἄλλου ἐφείσατο, πολλῷ μᾶλλον ἡμᾶς τοῦτο δεῖ ποιεῖν. Ἐκ τῶν ἐκείνου χρημάτων, ἐκ τῶν σῶν, ὅθεν ἂν θέλῃς, βοήθησον, ἐπίσταξον ἔλαιον, μᾶλλον δὲ ὕδωρ. Οὐκ ἔχει ἐλεημοσύνας οἰκείας ἐπιδείξασθαι; κἂν συγγενικάς. Οὐκ ἔχει τὰς ὑπ' αὐτοῦ γεγενημένας; κἂν τὰς ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ, ἵνα μετὰ παῤῥησίας αὐτὸν ἐξαιτῆται τότε ἡ γυνὴ, λύτρον ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ καταθεμένη. Ὅσῳ πλειόνων γέγονεν ἁμαρτημάτων ὑπεύθυνος, τοσούτῳ μείζονος αὐτῷ δεῖ τῆς ἐλεημοσύνης· οὐ διὰ τοῦτο μόνον, ἀλλ' ὅτι οὐδὲ ἴσην ἔχει τὴν ἰσχὺν νῦν, ἀλλ' ἐλάττω πολλῷ. Οὐ γάρ ἐστιν ἴσον αὐτόν τινα ποιῆσαι, καὶ ἕτερον ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ. Ὡς οὖν ἐλάττονος οὔσης, οὕτω καὶ τῷ πλήθει μεγίστην ποιῶμεν αὐτήν. Μὴ περὶ σήματα, μὴ περὶ ἐντάφια ἀσχολώμεθα· τοῦτο ἐντάφιον μέγιστον· περίστησον χήρας, εἰπὲ τοὔνομα, πάσας κέλευσον ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ ποιεῖσθαι τὰς δεήσεις καὶ τὰς ἱκετηρίας· δυσωπήσει τοῦτο τὸν Θεόν. Εἰ καὶ μὴ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ γεγένηται, ἀλλὰ δι' αὐτὸν ἕτερος γίνεται αἴτιος τῆς ἐλεημοσύνης· καὶ τοῦτο τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ φιλανθρωπίας ἐστί. Χῆραι περιεστῶσαι καὶ δακρύουσαι, οὐχὶ τοῦ παρόντος, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦ μέλλοντος ἴσασιν ἐξαρπάσαι θανάτου. Πολλοὶ καὶ τῶν ὑφ' ἑτέρων δι' αὐτοὺς γεγενημένων ἐλεημοσυνῶν ἀπώναντο· εἰ γὰρ καὶ μὴ τέλεον, ἀλλ' ὅμως παραμυθίαν εὗρόν τινα. Εἰ μὴ τοῦτό ἐστι, πῶς τὰ παιδία σώζεται; καίτοι γε ἐκεῖ οὐδὲν αὐτὰ εἰσφέρει, ἀλλ' οἱ γονεῖς τὸ πᾶν. Καὶ γυναιξὶν εὐχαρίσθη παιδία πολλάκις, οὐδὲν αὐτὰ εἰσενεγκόντα. Πολλὰς ἡμῖν ὁ Θεὸς τοῦ