Letter CCLXII.1447    Placed in 377.

To the Monk Urbicius.1448    cf. Letters cxxiii. and ccclxvi.

1.  You have done well to write to me.  You have shewn how great is the fruit of charity.  Continue so to do.  Do not think that, when you write to me, you need offer excuses.  I recognise my own position, and I know that by nature every man is of equal honour with the rest.  Whatever excellence there is in me is not of family, nor of superfluous wealth, nor of physical condition; it comes only of superiority in the fear of God.  What, then, hinders you from fearing the Lord yet more, and so, in this respect, being greater than I am?  Write often to me, and acquaint me with the condition of the brotherhood with you.  Tell me what members of the Church in your parts are sound, that I may know to whom I ought to write, and in whom I may confide.  I am told that there are some who are endeavouring to deprave the right doctrine of the Lord’s incarnation by perverse opinions, and I therefore call upon them through you to hold off from those unreasonable views, which some are reported to me to hold.  I mean that God Himself was turned into flesh; that He did not assume, through the Holy Mary, the nature1449    φύραμα. of Adam, but, in His own proper Godhead, was changed into a material nature.1450    φύσις.

2.  This absurd position can be easily confuted.  The blasphemy is its own conviction, and I therefore think that, for one who fears the Lord, the mere reminder is enough.  If He was turned, then He was changed.  But far be it from me to say or think such a thing, when God has declared, “I am the Lord, I change not.”1451    Mal. iii. 6.  Moreover, how could the benefit of the incarnation be conveyed to us, unless our body, joined to the Godhead, was made superior to the dominion of death?  If He was changed, He no longer constituted a proper body, such as subsisted after the combination with it of the divine body.1452    The sentence in all the mss. (except the Codex Coislin. II., which has ὁ τραπεὶς) begins οὐ τραπείς.  The Ben. Ed. propose simply to substitute εἰ for οὐ, and render “Si enim conversus est, proprium constituit corpus, quod videlicet densata in ipsa deitate, substitit.”  I have endeavoured to force a possible meaning on the Greek as it stands, though παχυνθείσης more naturally refers to the unorthodox change than to the orthodox conjunction.  The original is οὐ γὰρ τραπεὶς οἰκεῖον ὑπεστήσατο σῶμα, ὅπερ, παχυνθείσης αὐτῷ τῆς θεϊκῆς φύσεως, ὑπέστη.  But how, if all the nature of the Only-begotten was changed, could the incomprehensible Godhead be circumscribed within the limit of the mass of a little body?  I am sure that no one who is in his senses, and has the fear of God, is suffering from this unsoundness.  But the report has reached me that some of your company are afflicted with this mental infirmity, and I have therefore thought it necessary, not to send you a mere formal greeting, but to include in my letter something which may even build up the souls of them that fear the Lord.  I therefore urge that these errors receive ecclesiastical correction, and that you abstain from communion with the heretics.  I know that we are deprived of our liberty in Christ by indifference on these points.

ΟΥΡΒΙΚΙῼ ΜΟΝΑΖΟΝΤΙ

[1] Καλῶς ἐποίησας ἐπιστείλας ἡμῖν: ἔδειξας γὰρ οὐ μικρὸν τὸν καρπὸν τῆς ἀγάπης, καὶ συνεχῶς ποίει τοῦτο. Μὴ μέντοι νομίσῃς ἀπολογίας σοι δεῖν, ὅταν ἡμῖν ἐπιστέλλῃς. Γνωρίζομεν γὰρ ἑαυτοὺς καὶ οἴδαμεν ὅτι παντὶ ἀνθρώπῳ πρὸς πάντας ὁμοτιμία ἔστι κατὰ τὴν φύσιν: ὑπεροχαὶ δὲ ἐν ἡμῖν οὐ κατὰ γένος οὐδὲ κατὰ περιουσίαν χρημάτων οὐδὲ κατὰ τὴν τοῦ σώματος κατασκευήν, ἀλλὰ κατὰ τὴν ὑπεροχὴν τοῦ φόβου τοῦ πρὸς τὸν Θεόν. Ὥστε τί κωλύει σε πλεῖον φοβούμενον τὸν Δεσπότην μείζονα ἡμῶν εἶναι κατ' αὐτὸ τοῦτο; Συνεχῶς οὖν ἡμῖν ἐπίστελλε καὶ γνώριζε πῶς ἡ περὶ σὲ ἀδελφότης, τίνες τῶν τῆς Ἐκκλησίας τῆς καθ' ὑμᾶς ὑγιαίνουσιν, ἵνα εἰδῶμεν οἷς χρὴ γράφειν καὶ τίσιν ἐπαναπαύεσθαι. Ἐπεὶ δὲ ἀκούω τινὰς εἶναι τοὺς τὸ εὐθὲς περὶ τῆς Ἐνανθρωπήσεως τοῦ Κυρίου δόγμα ἐν διαστρόφοις ὑπολήψεσι παραχαράσσοντας, παρακαλῶ αὐτοὺς διὰ τῆς σῆς ἀγάπης ἀποσχέσθαι τῆς ἀτόπου ἐκείνης ἐννοίας ἣν ἔχειν τινὲς ἡμῖν καταγγέλλονται, ὡς αὐτοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰς σάρκα τραπέντος καὶ οὐχὶ προσλαβόντος διὰ τῆς Μαρίας τὸ τοῦ Ἀδὰμ φύραμα, ἀλλ' αὐτοῦ τῇ οἰκείᾳ θεότητι εἰς τὴν ὑλικὴν φύσιν μεταβληθέντος.

[2] Τοῦτο δὲ τὸ ἄτοπον ἐλέγξαι καὶ πάνυ ῥᾴδιον. Ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ αὐτόθεν ἔχει τὸ ἐναργὲς ἡ βλασφημία, νομίζω τῷ φοβουμένῳ τὸν Κύριον ἀρκεῖν καὶ μόνην τὴν ὑπόμνησιν. Εἰ γὰρ ἐτράπη, καὶ ἠλλοιώθη. Τοῦτο δὲ ἀπείη καὶ λέγειν καὶ ἐννοεῖν τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰπόντος: »Ἐγώ εἰμι καὶ οὐκ ἠλλοίωμαι«. Ἔπειτα πῶς εἰς ἡμᾶς διέβη ἡ τῆς Ἐνανθρωπήσεως ὠφέλεια, εἰ μὴ τὸ ἡμέτερον σῶμα τῇ θεότητι συναφθὲν κρεῖττον ἐγένετο τῆς τοῦ θανάτου ἐπικρατείας; Ὁ γὰρ τραπεὶς οἰκεῖον ὑπεστήσατο σῶμα ὅπερ παχυνθείσης αὐτῷ τῆς θεϊκῆς φύσεως ὑπέστη. Πῶς δὲ ἡ ἀπερίληπτος θεότης εἰς μικροῦ σώματος ὄγκον περιεγράφη, εἴπερ ἐτράπη πᾶσα ἡ τοῦ Μονογενοῦς φύσις: Ἀλλὰ τοῦτο μὲν οὐδένα ἡγοῦμαι νοῦν ἔχοντα καὶ τὸν φόβον τοῦ Θεοῦ κεκτημένον πάσχειν τὸ ἀρρώστημα. Ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἦλθεν εἰς ἐμὲ ἡ φήμη ὅτι τινὲς τῶν μετὰ τῆς ἀγάπης σου ἐν τῇ ἀσθενείᾳ ταύτῃ τῶν λογισμῶν εἰσίν, ἀναγκαῖον ἡγησάμην μὴ ψιλὴν πορίσασθαι τὴν πρόσρησιν, ἀλλά τι ἔχειν τὴν ἐπιστολὴν ἡμῶν τοιοῦτον ὃ δύναται καὶ οἰκοδομῆσαι τὰς ψυχὰς τῶν φοβουμένων τὸν Κύριον. Ταῦτα οὖν παρακαλοῦμεν διορθώσεώς τε τυχεῖν ἐκκλησιαστικῆς καὶ τῆς πρὸς τοὺς αἱρετικοὺς κοινωνίας ὑμᾶς ἀπέχεσθαι, εἰδότας ὅτι τὸ ἐν τούτοις ἀδιαφορεῖν τὴν ἐπὶ τοῦ Χριστοῦ παρρησίαν ἡμῶν ἀφαιρεῖται.