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the victory turns to your enemy." And indeed this is what happened; for having joined battle, the Romans are defeated, and the sea is mixed with the blood of the Romans. But the emperor puts on another's clothing, and the aforementioned son of the buccinator, leaping in, snatches the emperor and transfers him to another boat and miraculously saves him. But he himself, boarding the imperial ship, the most noble one, killed many, but later he himself is also killed. But the emperor, having barely been saved, returned with shame to Constantinople. In whose times the leader of the Paulicians also appeared, Constantine, who also named himself Silvanus. And their heresy is thus. Paulicians, who are also Manichaeans. They were renamed from Manichaeans to Paulicians after a certain Paul of Samosata, the son of a Manichaean woman named Callinice, who had two sons, this Paul and John. Having therefore taught them the 1.757 Manichaean heresy, she sent them from Samosata to the Armenians as preachers of the heresy; who, having come to a certain village of Phanarroia, there sowed their heresy. Therefore, from that time the village was renamed Episparis, and their disciples were called Paulicians. These, many years after the succession of this Paul, had another teacher called Constantine, the aforementioned Silvanus. They hold him as the founder of their teachings, and not Paul. For he handed down his heresies to them unwritten, by tradition, the Gospel indeed by tradition, but the Apostle in writing, handing them down unaltered in script and words, just as those we have, but having twisted each chapter to his own heresies, also legislating for them this: that they should read no other book whatsoever except the Gospel and the Apostle. After Constantine and Silvanus they had a second teacher called Symeon, who renamed himself Timothy. A fourth, Joseph, who renamed himself Epaphroditus, and after him, Zacharias. But some of them reject him as a hireling and not a true shepherd. The sixth, Baanes the filthy, and the seventh, Sergius, who also renamed himself Tychicus. Therefore, Manes and Paul and John, and others whom anyone might name to them, they readily anathematize; 1.758 but Constantine, also surnamed Silvanus, and Symeon, also Titus, and Genesius, also Timothy, and Joseph, also Epaphroditus, and Baanes the filthy and Sergius and Tychicus they in no way anathematize as their teachers, but hold them as apostles of Christ. And they speak of six churches in their confession, Macedonia, which is Kastron Koloneias, Kibossa, where Constantine, also Silvanus, and Symeon, also Titus, made disciples, Achaia, which is a village of Samosata, Manalis, where Genesius, also Timothy, made disciples, that of the Philippians, saying the disciples of Joseph, also Epaphroditus, and of Zacharias, who is called by them the hireling shepherd, that of the Laodiceans, and they call them Kynochorites. However, the church of the Ephesians, those in Mopsuestia, and the church of the Colossians, they say that Sergius, also Tychicus, anathematized. Therefore, these seven teachers of theirs and the six churches they hold in honor; whom they also venerate. But all the rest, whom anyone might name to them, they both anathematize and reject. And they have as their first heresy that of the Manichaeans, confessing two principles as they also do. And these say that there is only one thing that separates us from the Romans, that we say that the heavenly father is another god, who in this world has no authority but in the world to come, and another god is the creator of the world, who has authority over this present world; but the Romans, they say, confess one and the same God to be also the 1.759 same heavenly father and of the

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πρὸς τὸν ἐχθρόν σου ἡ νίκη τρέπεται." καὶ δὴ τοῦτο καὶ ἀπέβη· συμβαλόντες γὰρ πόλεμον ἡττῶνται Ῥω μαῖοι, καὶ συγκιρνᾶται ἡ θάλασσα τῷ αἵματι τῶν Ῥωμαίων. ἐν δύει δὲ ὁ βασιλεὺς ἄλλον τὴν ἐσθῆτα αὐτοῦ, καὶ εἰσπηδήσας ὁ προλεχθεὶς υἱὸς τοῦ βυκινάτορος τὸν βασιλέα ἀφαρπάζει καὶ εἰς ἕτερον σκάφος μεταβάλλει καὶ παραδόξως διασώζει. αὐτὸς δὲ ἐπιστὰς τῇ βασιλικῇ νηῒ πολλοὺς ἀνεῖλεν ὁ γενναιότατος, ὕστερον δὲ ἀναιρεῖται καὶ αὐτός. ὁ δὲ βασιλεὺς μόλις διασωθεὶς ὑπέστρεψε μετ' αἰσχύνης ἐν Κωνσταντινουπόλει. Ἐφ' ὧν χρόνων καὶ ὁ ἀρχηγὸς τῶν Παυλικιάνων ἀνεφάνη Κωνσταντῖνος, ὁ καὶ Σιλουανὸν αὐτὸν ὀνομάσας. ἔστι δὲ ἡ αἵρε σις αὐτῶν οὕτως. Παυλικιάνοι οἱ καὶ Μανιχαῖοι. μετωνομά σθησαν δὲ ἀντὶ Μανιχαίων Παυλικιάνοι ἀπὸ Παύλου τινὸς Σαμο σατέως, υἱοῦ γυναικὸς Μανιχαίας Καλλινίκης τοὔνομα, ἥτις δύο υἱοὺς ἔσχε, τοῦτον τὸν Παῦλον καὶ Ἰωάννην. τούτους οὖν τὴν 1.757 Μανιχαϊκὴν αἵρεσιν διδάξασα ἐκ τοῦ Σαμοσάτου εἰς Ἀρμενιακοὺς κήρυκας τῆς αἱρέσεως αὐτοὺς ἀπέστειλεν· οἵτινες ἐλθόντες εἰς κώμην τινὰ τῆς Φαναρροίας ἐκεῖσε τὴν ἑαυτῶν αἵρεσιν ἐνέσπειραν. ἔκτοτε οὖν ἡ μὲν κώμη μετωνομάσθη Ἐπίσπαρις, οἱ δὲ μαθηταὶ αὐτῶν Παυλικιάνοι ἐκλήθησαν. οὗτοι μετὰ χρόνους πολλοὺς τῆς διαδοχῆς τοῦδε τοῦ Παύλου ἕτερον ἔσχον διδάσκαλον Κωνσταντῖ νον καλούμενον, τὸν προρρηθέντα Σιλβανόν. τοῦτον ἔχουσιν ἀρχηγὸν τῶν διδασκαλιῶν αὐτῶν, καὶ οὐχὶ τὸν Παῦλον. οὗτος γὰρ αὐτοῖς παρέδωκε τὰς αἱρέσεις αὐτοῦ ἀγράφως κατὰ παράδο σιν, τὸ εὐαγγέλιον μὲν κατὰ παράδοσιν, τὸν δὲ ἀπόστολον ἐγγρά φως, ἀπαράλλακτα μὲν τῇ γραφῇ καὶ τοῖς λόγοις ὡς καὶ τὰ παρ' ἡμῖν ὄντα παραδούς, διαστρέψας δὲ ἕκαστον κεφάλαιον πρὸς τὰς ἑαυτοῦ αἱρέσεις, νομοθετήσας αὐτοῖς καὶ τοῦτο, μὴ δεῖν ἑτέραν βίβλον οἱανοῦν ἀναγινώσκειν εἰ μὴ τὸ εὐαγγέλιον καὶ τὸν ἀπόστο λον. μετὰ δὲ Κωνσταντῖνον καὶ Σιλβανὸν δεύτερον ἔσχον διδά σκαλον Συμεῶνα καλούμενον, μετονομάσαντα δὲ ἑαυτὸν Τιμόθεον. τέταρτον δὲ Ἰωσὴφ μετονομάσαντα ἑαυτὸν Ἐπαφρόδιτον, καὶ μετὰ τοῦτον Ζαχαρίαν. ἀλλὰ τοῦτον ὡς μισθωτὸν καὶ οὐκ ἀληθῆ ποιμένα ἀποβάλλονται ἔνιοι ἐξ αὐτῶν. ἕκτον τὸν Βαάνην τὸν ῥυπαρόν, καὶ ἕβδομον τὸν Σέργιον τὸν καὶ Τυχικὸν ἑαυτὸν μετο νομάσαντα. Μάνεντα τοίνυν καὶ Παῦλον καὶ Ἰωάννην, καὶ ἄλ λους οὓς ἐάν τις εἴπῃ αὐτοῖς, προθύμως ἀναθεματίζουσι· Κων 1.758 σταντῖνον δὲ τὸν καὶ Σιλβανὸν ἐπικληθέντα, καὶ Συμεῶνα τὸν καὶ Τῖτον, καὶ Γενέσιον τὸν καὶ Τιμόθεον, καὶ Ἰωσὴφ τὸν καὶ Ἐπαφρόδιτον, καὶ Βαάνην τὸν ῥυπαρὸν καὶ Σέργιον καὶ Τυχικὸν ὡς διδασκάλους αὐτῶν οὐδαμῶς ἀναθεματίζουσιν, ἀλλ' ἔχουσιν αὐ τοὺς ὥσπερ ἀποστόλους Χριστοῦ. λέγουσι δὲ καὶ ἓξ ἐκκλησίας ἐν τῇ ὁμολογίᾳ αὐτῶν, τὴν Μακεδονίαν, ἥτις ἐστὶ Κάστρον κολω νείας, τὴν Κίβωσαν, ἣν ἐμαθήτευσε Κωνσταντῖνος ὁ καὶ Σιλβα νὸς καὶ Συμεὼν ὁ καὶ Τῖτος, τὴν Ἀχαΐαν, ἥτις ἐστὶ κώμη Σαμο σάτου, τὴν Μάναλιν, ἣν ἐμαθήτευσε Γενέσιος ὁ καὶ Τιμόθεος, τὴν τῶν Φιλιππησίων, τοὺς μαθητὰς λέγοντες Ἰωσὴφ τοῦ καὶ Ἐπαφροδιτοῦ καὶ Ζαχαρίου τοῦ μισθωτοῦ ποιμένος παρ' αὐτῶν λεγομένου, τὴν τῶν Λαοδικέων, λέγουσι δὲ Κυνοχωρίτας. τὴν μέντοι τῶν Ἐφεσίων, τοὺς ἐν Μόψου ἑστίᾳ καὶ τὴν τῶν Κολοσ σαέων λέγουσιν ὡς Σέργιος ὁ καὶ Τυχικὸς ἀνεθεμάτισε. τούτους οὖν τοὺς ἑπτὰ διδασκάλους αὐτῶν καὶ τὰς ἓξ ἐκκλησίας ἔχουσιν ἐντίμως· οὓς καὶ σέβονται. πάντας δὲ τοὺς λοιπούς, οὓς ἐὰν εἴπῃ τις αὐτοῖς, καὶ ἀναθεματίζουσι καὶ ἀποβάλλονται. ἔχουσι δὲ πρώτην αἵρεσιν τὴν τῶν Μανιχαίων, δύο ἀρχὰς ὁμολογοῦντες ὡς κἀκεῖνοι. λέγουσι δὲ οὗτοι ὅτι ἕν ἐστι μόνον τὸ διαχωρίζον ἡμᾶς ἐκ τῶν Ῥωμαίων, ὅτι ἡμεῖς μὲν ἕτερον θεὸν λέγομεν ὑπάρ χειν τὸν πατέρα τὸν ἐπουράνιον, ὃς ἐν τούτῳ τῷ κόσμῳ οὐκ ἔχει ἐξουσίαν ἀλλ' ἐν τῷ μέλλοντι, ἕτερον δὲ θεὸν τὸν κόσμου ποιη τήν, ὅστις ἔχει τοῦδε τοῦ παρόντος τὴν ἐξουσίαν· οἱ δὲ Ῥωμαῖοι, φασίν, ἕνα καὶ τὸν αὐτὸν θεὸν ὁμολογοῦσιν εἶναι καὶ πατέρα τὸν 1.759 αὐτὸν ἐπουράνιον καὶ τοῦ