Chapter XLVII.

Celsus next, for form’s sake,838    ὁσίας ἕνεκεν. and with great want of precision, speaks of “the dreams of the chief butler and chief baker, and of Pharaoh, and of the explanation of them, in consequence of which Joseph was taken out of prison in order to be entrusted by Pharaoh with the second place in Egypt.”  What absurdity, then, did the history contain, looked at even in itself, that it should be adduced as matter of accusation by this Celsus, who gave the title of True Discourse to a treatise not containing doctrines, but full of charges against Jews and Christians?  He adds:  “He who had been sold behaved kindly to his brethren (who had sold him), when they were suffering from hunger, and had been sent with their asses to purchase (provisions);” although he has not related these occurrences (in his treatise).  But he does mention the circumstance of Joseph making himself known to his brethren, although I know not with what view, or what absurdity he can point out in such an occurrence; since it is impossible for Momus himself, we might say, to find any reasonable fault with events which, apart from their figurative meaning, present so much that is attractive.  He relates, further, that “Joseph, who had been sold as a slave, was restored to liberty, and went up with a solemn procession to his father’s funeral,” and thinks that the narrative furnishes matter of accusation against us, as he makes the following remark:  “By whom (Joseph, namely) the illustrious and divine nation of the Jews, after growing up in Egypt to be a multitude of people, was commanded to sojourn somewhere beyond the limits of the kingdom, and to pasture their flocks in districts of no repute.”  Now the words, “that they were commanded to pasture their flocks in districts of no repute,” are an addition, proceeding from his own feelings of hatred; for he has not shown that Goshen, the district of Egypt, is a place of no repute.  The exodus of the people from Egypt he calls a flight, not at all remembering what is written in the book of Exodus regarding the departure of the Hebrews from the land of Egypt.  We have enumerated these instances to show that what, literally considered, might appear to furnish ground of accusation, Celsus has not succeeded in proving to be either objectionable or foolish, having utterly failed to establish the evil character, as he regards it, of our Scriptures.

Μετὰ ταῦτα ὁ Κέλσος ὁσίας ἕνεκεν μετὰ πάσης ἀσαφείας ὑπομιμνήσκεται τῶν ὀνειράτων τοῦ ἀρχιοινοχόου καὶ τοῦ ἀρχισιτοποιοῦ καὶ τοῦ Φαραὼ καὶ τῆς λύσεως αὐτῶν, ἐξ ἧς προήχθη ἀπὸ τῆς φυλακῆς ἐπὶ τὸ ἐμπιστευθῆναι ὑπὸ τοῦ Φαραὼ τὸν δεύτερον κατ' Αἰγυπτίων θρόνον ὁ Ἰωσήφ. Τί οὖν ἄτοπον εἶχεν ὁ λόγος τῆς ἱστορίας καὶ καθ' ἑαυτόν, ὅτι αὐτὰ ἔθηκεν ἐν μέρει κατηγορίας ὁ ἀληθῆ λόγον ἐπιγράψας τὸν οὐ δόγματα ἐκτιθέμενον ἀλλὰ Χριστιανῶν καὶ Ἰουδαίων κατηγορήσαντα; Καὶ τοῖς πωλήσασί γε ἀδελφοῖς λιμώττουσι καὶ σταλεῖσι κατ' ἐμπορίαν μετὰ τῶν ὄνων φησὶ χαριζόμενον τὸν πραθέντα πεποιηκέναι ἃ οὐδὲ παρέστησεν ὁ Κέλσος. Καὶ τὸν ἀναγνωρισμὸν δὲ τίθησιν, οὐκ οἶδα τί βουλόμενος καὶ τί ἐμφαίνων ἄτοπον ἐκ τοῦ ἀναγνωρισμοῦ· οὐδὲ γάρ, ὡς ἔστιν εἰπεῖν, καὶ αὐτῷ τῷ Μώμῳ δυνατὸν ἦν τούτων εὐλόγως κατηγορεῖν, καὶ χωρὶς τῆς τροπολογίας ἐχόντων πολὺ τὸ ἀγωγόν. Τίθησι δὲ καὶ τὸν εἰς δοῦλον πραθέντα Ἰωσὴφ ἐλευθερούμενον καὶ μετὰ πομπῆς ἐπανιόντα πρὸς τὸν τοῦ πατρὸς τάφον καὶ νομίζει κατηγορίαν περιέχειν τὸν λόγον εἰπὼν τό· Ὑφ' οὗ–δῆλον δ' ὅτι τοῦ Ἰωσήφ–τὸ λαμπρὸν καὶ θεσπέσιον Ἰουδαίων γένος, ἐπὶ πλῆθος ἐν Αἰγύπτῳ σπαρέν, ἔξω που παροικεῖν καὶ ποιμαίνειν ἐν τοῖς ἀτίμοις ἐκελεύσθη. Καὶ προσέθηκεν ἀπὸ τῆς μισητικῆς ἑαυτοῦ προαιρέσεως τὸ ἐν ἀτίμοις αὐτοὺς κεκελεῦσθαι ποιμαίνειν, οὐ παραστήσας, πῶς Γεσὲμ ὁ Αἰγυπτίων νομὸς ἄτιμός ἐστι. Τὴν δ' ἀπ' Αἰγύπτου ἔξοδον τοῦ λαοῦ φυγὴν ὠνόμασεν, οὐδὲ τὴν ἀρχὴν ὑπομνησθεὶς τῶν ἐν τῇ Ἐξόδῳ γεγραμμένων περὶ τῆς ἐξόδου τῶν Ἑβραίων ἐκ γῆς Αἰγύπτου. Ἐξεθέμεθα δὲ καὶ ταῦτα, παραδεικνύντες ὅτι καὶ τὰ μηδὲ κατὰ τὸ ῥητὸν τοῦ κατηγορεῖσθαι φανέντα ἄξια ἔθηκεν ἐν μοίρᾳ κατηγορίας καὶ φλυαρίας ὁ Κέλσος, μὴ παραστήσας λόγῳ ὃ οἴεται μοχθηρὸν τῆς γραφῆς ἡμῶν.