Chapter LX.

He next proceeds to say, that “a common nature pervades all the previously mentioned bodies, and one which goes and returns the same amid recurring changes.”878    καὶ μία εἰς ἀμοιβὴν παλίντροπον ἰοῦσα καὶ ἐπανιοῦσα.  In answer to this it is evident from what has been already said that not only does a common nature pervade those bodies which have been previously enumerated, but the heavenly bodies as well.  And if this is the case, it is clear also that, according to Celsus (although I do not know whether it is according to truth), it is one nature which goes and returns the same through all bodies amid recurring changes.  It is evident also that this is the case in the opinion of those who hold that the world is to perish; while those also who hold the opposite view will endeavour to show, with out the assumption of a fifth substance,879    σῶμα. that in their judgment too it is one nature “which goes and returns the same through all bodies amid recurring changes.”  And thus, even that which is perishable remains in order to undergo a change;880    οὕτω δὲ καὶ τὸ ἀπολλύμενον εἰς μεταβολὴν διαμένει. for the matter which underlies (all things), while its properties perish, still abides, according to the opinion of those who hold it to be uncreated.  If, however, it can be shown by any arguments not to be uncreated, but to have been created for certain purposes, it is clear that it will not have the same nature of permanency which it would possess on the hypothesis of being uncreated.  But it is not our object at present, in answering the charges of Celsus, to discuss these questions of natural philosophy.

Εἶθ' ἑξῆς φησιν ὅτι κοινὴ ἡ πάντων τῶν προειρημένων σωμάτων φύσις καὶ μία ἐς ἀμοιβὴν παλίντροπον ἰοῦσα καὶ ἐπανιοῦσα. Καὶ πρὸς τοῦτο δὲ δῆλον ἐκ τῶν προειρημένων ὅτι οὐ μόνον τῶν προκατειλεγμένων σωμάτων κοινή ἐστιν ἡ φύσις ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν "ἐπουρανίων". Καὶ εἴπερ τοῦθ' οὕτως ἔχει, δῆλον ὅτι κατ' αὐτόν, οὐκ οἶδα δὲ εἰ καὶ κατὰ τὴν ἀλήθειαν, μία ἐς ἀμοιβὴν παλίντροπον ἰοῦσά ἐστιν ἡ πάντων σωμάτων φύσις καὶ ἐπανιοῦσα. Καὶ δῆλον μὲν ὅτι κατὰ τοὺς φθείροντας τὸν κόσμον τοῦθ' οὕτως ἔχει· πειρά σονται δὲ δεικνύναι καὶ οἱ μὴ φθείροντες αὐτὸν μετὰ τοῦ μὴ προσίεσθαι "πέμπτον σῶμα" ὅτι καὶ κατ' αὐτοὺς μία ἐς ἀμοιβὴν παλίντροπον ἰοῦσα καὶ ἐπανιοῦσά ἐστιν ἡ πάντων σωμάτων φύσις. Οὕτω δὲ καὶ τὸ ἀπολλύμενον εἰς μεταβολὴν διαμένει· τὸ γὰρ ὑποκείμενον ἡ ὕλη ἀπολλυμένης τῆς ποιότητος διαμένει κατὰ τοὺς ἀγένητον αὐτὴν εἰσάγοντας. Ἐὰν μέντοι γε δυνηθῇ τις παραδεῖξαι λόγος οὐκ ἀγένητον αὐτὴν ἀλλὰ πρός τινα χρείαν γεγονέναι, δῆλον ὅτι οὐχ ἕξει φύσιν περὶ διαμονῆς τὴν αὐτὴν τῷ ἀγένητος ὑποτεθεῖσθαι. Ἀλλ' οὐ ταῦτα νῦν πρόκειται ἀπαντῶσιν ἡμῖν πρὸς τὰς Κέλσου κατηγορίας φυσιολογεῖν.