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falling suddenly upon the plains inhabited here, they killed many and put all the rest to flight. 8.5.12 As many as were able to escape them, rising up from here with children and wives, abandoned their ancestral abodes, and crossing the river Ister 8.5.13 they came into the land of the Romans. And they did many terrible things to those who lived there, but afterwards with the emperor's permission they settled in the regions of Thrace, and some of them became allies to the Romans, receiving their pay from the emperor each year just like the other soldiers, and were called "foederati"; for so the Romans called them then in the Latin tongue, indicating, I think, this very thing, that the Goths had not been defeated by them in the war, but had come to terms with them on the basis of certain agreements. 8.5.14 For the Latins call treaties in war "foedera," as has been explained by me in the preceding account; and others carried on war against them for no reason, until they went off to Italy, with Theoderic as their leader. Thus, then, have the affairs of the Goths progressed. 8.5.15 But the Huns, having killed some of them and, as was said, having driven others out, took possession of the country. And of these the Coutrigurs, sending for their children and wives, settled there, where indeed they are living even to my time. 8.5.16 And they receive many gifts from the emperor each year, and yet, by crossing the river Ister, they always overrun the emperor's land, being both allies and enemies to the Romans. 8.5.17 But the Outigours with their leader were brought back to their homes, alone 8.5.18 to be settled there for the future. And when they came near the Maeotic Lake, they met there the Goths 8.5.19 called the Tetraxites. And at first, the Goths, having fenced themselves with their shields, stood against the attackers as if to defend themselves, trusting in their own strength and the strength of the position; for they are the most valiant 8.5.20 of all the barbarians here. And the first outlet of the Maeotic Lake, where the Tetraxite Goths were then settled, coming together in a crescent-shaped bay and surrounding them for the most part, offered a single entrance to them, 8.5.21 not very wide for those attacking. But later (for neither did the Huns wish to spend any time there, nor did the Goths hope to hold out for long against the multitude of the enemy) they came to terms with each other, on condition that they would mingle and make the crossing together, and the Goths would settle on the opposite continent right by the shore of the outlet, where indeed they are settled even now, and being friends and allies to the Outigours for the future on equal and like terms, they would live there for all time. 8.5.22 So, then, these Goths settled here and, with the Coutrigurs, as I have said, being left in the land on the other side of the Lake, the Outigours alone held the country, causing the least trouble for the Romans, since they do not live very near them, but being separated by many nations in between, they keep to themselves in involuntary quiet. 8.5.23 But after crossing both the Maeotic Lake and the river Tanais, over most of the plains here the Coutrigur Huns, as was told by me, have settled; and after them the Scythians and Tauri hold the entire country here, a certain part of which is even now called Tauric, where they say the temple of Artemis was, over which once Agamemnon's Iphigenia 8.5.24 presided. And yet the Armenians say that this temple was in their country called Celesene, and that all the people there at that time were called Scythians, adducing as proof the things narrated by me concerning Orestes and the city of Comana in that part 8.5.25 of the history. But concerning these matters, let each man speak as he wishes; for men are fond of claiming as their own many things which have happened elsewhere, and perhaps have not happened at all, being annoyed if all do not follow their opinion. 8.5.26 After these nations is situated a seaside city, Bosporus by name, which became subject to the Romans 8.5.27 not long before. And from

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τὰ τῇδε ᾠκημένοις πεδία ἐξαπιναίως ἐπιπεσόντες πολλοὺς μὲν ἔκτειναν, τοὺς δὲ λοιποὺς ἐτρέψαντο ἅπαν8.5.12 τας. ὅσοι τε αὐτοὺς διαφυγεῖν ἴσχυσαν, ξὺν παισί τε καὶ γυναιξὶν ἐνθένδε ἀναστάντες ἀπέλιπον μὲν τὰ πάτρια ἤθη, διαπορθμευσάμενοι δὲ ποταμὸν Ἴστρον 8.5.13 ἐν γῇ τῇ Ῥωμαίων ἐγένοντο. καὶ πολλὰ μὲν τοὺς ταύτῃ ᾠκημένους δεινὰ ἔδρασαν, μετὰ δὲ δόντος βασιλέως ᾠκήσαντο ἐς τὰ ἐπὶ Θρᾴκης χωρία, καὶ τὰ μὲν ξυνεμάχουν Ῥωμαίοις, τάς τε συντάξεις ὥσπερ οἱ ἄλλοι στρατιῶται πρὸς βασιλέως κομιζόμενοι ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος καὶ φοιδερᾶτοι ἐπικληθέντες· οὕτω γὰρ αὐτοὺς τότε Λατίνων φωνῇ ἐκάλεσαν Ῥωμαῖοι, ἐκεῖνο, οἶμαι, παραδηλοῦντες, ὅτι δὴ οὐχ ἡσσημένοι αὐτῶν τῷ πολέμῳ Γότθοι, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ ξυνθήκαις τισὶν ἔνσπονδοι ἐγένοντο 8.5.14 σφίσι. φοίδερα γὰρ Λατῖνοι τὰς ἐν πολέμῳ καλοῦσι ξυνθήκας, ᾗπέρ μοι ἐν τοῖς ἔμπροσθεν δεδήλωται λόγοις· τὰ δὲ καὶ πόλεμον πρὸς αὐτοὺς διέφερον οὐδενὶ λόγῳ, ἕως ᾤχοντο ἀπιόντες ἐς Ἰταλίαν, Θευδερίχου ἡγουμένου σφίσι. τὰ μὲν οὖν τῶν Γότθων τῇδε κεχώρηκεν. 8.5.15 Οὖννοι δὲ αὐτῶν τοὺς μὲν κτείναντες, τοὺς δὲ, ὥσπερ ἐρρήθη, ἐξαναστήσαντες τὴν χώραν ἔσχον. καὶ αὐτῶν Κουτρίγουροι μὲν παῖδάς τε καὶ γυναῖκας μεταπεμψάμενοι ἐνταῦθα ἱδρύσαντο, οὗ δὴ καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ 8.5.16 ᾤκηνται. καὶ δῶρα μὲν πολλὰ πρὸς βασιλέως ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος κομίζονται, καὶ ὣς δὲ διαβαίνοντες ποταμὸν Ἴστρον καταθέουσιν ἐσαεὶ τὴν βασιλέως χώραν, ἔν8.5.17 σπονδοί τε καὶ πολέμιοι Ῥωμαίοις ὄντες. Οὐτίγουροι δὲ ξὺν τῷ ἡγουμένῳ ἐπ' οἴκου ἀπεκομίζοντο, μόνοι 8.5.18 τὸ λοιπὸν ἐνταῦθα καθιζησόμενοι. οἵπερ ἐπειδὴ Λίμνης τῆς Μαιώτιδος ἀγχοῦ ἐγένοντο, Γότθοις ἐνταῦθα 8.5.19 τοῖς Τετραξίταις καλουμένοις ἐνέτυχον. καὶ τὰ μὲν πρῶτα φραξάμενοι ταῖς ἀσπίσιν οἱ Γότθοι ἀντικρὺ τοῖς ἐπιοῦσιν ὡς ἀμυνόμενοι ἔστησαν, σθένει τε τῷ σφετέρῳ καὶ χωρίου ἰσχύϊ θαρσοῦντες· αὐτοὶ γὰρ ἀλκιμώτατοι 8.5.20 ἁπάντων εἰσὶ τῶν τῇδε βαρβάρων. καὶ ἡ πρώτη τῆς Μαιώτιδος ἐκροὴ, οὗ δὴ τότε οἱ Τετραξῖται Γότθοι ἵδρυντο, ἐν κόλπῳ ξυνιοῦσα μηνοειδεῖ, περιβαλοῦσά τε αὐτοὺς ἐκ τοῦ ἐπὶ πλεῖστον, μίαν ἐπ' αὐτοὺς εἴσοδον 8.5.21 οὐ λίαν εὐρεῖαν τοῖς ἐπιοῦσι παρείχετο. ὕστερον δὲ (οὔτε γὰρ Οὖννοι χρόνον τινὰ τρίβεσθαι σφίσιν ἐνταῦθα ἤθελον, οἵ τε Γότθοι τῷ τῶν πολεμίων ὁμίλῳ ἐπὶ πολὺ ἀνθέξειν οὐδαμῆ ἤλπιζον) ἐς λόγους ἀλλήλοις ξυνίασιν, ἐφ' ᾧ ἀναμιχθέντες κοινῇ ποιήσονται τὴν διάβασιν, καὶ οἱ Γότθοι ἱδρύσονται μὲν ἐν τῇ ἀντιπέρας ἠπείρῳ παρ' αὐτὴν τῆς ἐκβολῆς μάλιστα τὴν ἀκτὴν, ἵνα δὴ καὶ τανῦν ἵδρυνται, φίλοι δὲ καὶ ξύμμαχοι τὸ λοιπὸν Οὐτιγούροις ὄντες ἐπὶ τῇ ἴσῃ καὶ ὁμοίᾳ σφίσιν ἐνταῦθα βιώσονται τὸν πάντα αἰῶνα. 8.5.22 οὕτω μὲν οὖν οἵδε οἱ Γότθοι τῇδε ἱδρύσαντο καὶ τῶν Κουτριγούρων, ὥσπερ μοι εἴρηται, ἀπολελειμμένων ἐν γῇ τῇ ἐπὶ θάτερα τῆς Λίμνης οὔσῃ μόνοι Οὐτίγουροι τὴν χώραν ἔσχον, πράγματα Ῥωμαίοις ὡς ἥκιστα παρεχόμενοι, ἐπεὶ οὐδὲ αὐτῶν ἄγχιστα ᾤκηνται, ἀλλ' ἔθνεσι πολλοῖς διειργόμενοι μεταξὺ οὖσιν ἀκουσίῳ ἀπραγμοσύνῃ ἐς αὐτοὺς ἔχονται. 8.5.23 Ὑπερβάντι δὲ Λίμνην τε τὴν Μαιώτιδα καὶ ποταμὸν Τάναϊν ἐπὶ πλεῖστον μὲν τῶν τῇδε πεδίων Κουτρίγουροι Οὖννοι, ᾗπέρ μοι ἐρρήθη, ᾠκήσαντο· μετὰ δὲ αὐτοὺς Σκύθαι τε καὶ Ταῦροι ξύμπασαν ἔχουσι τὴν ταύτῃ χώραν, ἧσπερ μοῖρά τις Ταυρικὴ καὶ νῦν ἐπικαλεῖται, ἵνα δὴ καὶ τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος τὸν νεὼν γεγονέναι φασὶν, οὗπέρ ποτε ἡ τοῦ Ἀγαμέμνονος Ἰφιγένεια 8.5.24 προὔστη. καίτοι Ἀρμένιοι ἐν τῇ παρ' αὐτοῖς Κελεσηνῇ καλουμένῃ χώρᾳ τὸν νεὼν τοῦτον γεγονέναι φασὶ Σκύθας τε τηνικάδε ξύμπαντας καλεῖσθαι τοὺς ἐνταῦθα ἀνθρώπους, τεκμηριούμενοι τοῖς ἀμφί τε Ὀρέστῃ καὶ πόλει Κομάνῃ δεδιηγημένοις μοι ἐς ἐκεῖνο 8.5.25 τοῦ λόγου. ἀλλὰ περὶ μὲν τούτων λεγέτω ἕκαστος ὥς πη αὐτῷ βουλομένῳ ἐστί· πολλὰ γὰρ τῶν ἑτέρωθι γεγενημένων, ἴσως δὲ καὶ οὐδαμῆ ξυμπεπτωκότων, ἄνθρωποι προσποιεῖσθαι φιλοῦσιν ὡς πάτρια ἤθη, ἀγανακτοῦντες, ἢν μὴ τῇ δοκήσει τῇ αὐτῶν ἅπαντες 8.5.26 ἕπωνται. μετὰ δὲ τὰ ἔθνη ταῦτα πόλις θαλασσία οἰκεῖται, Βόσπορος ὄνομα, Ῥωμαίων κατήκοος γενομένη 8.5.27 οὐ πολλῷ πρότερον. ἐκ δὲ