Chapter VIII.

As we allege, however, that he has fallen into confusion in consequence of false notions which he has imbibed, come and let us point them out to the best of our ability, and show that although Celsus considers it to be a Jewish custom to bow down to the heaven and the angels in it, such a practice is not at all Jewish, but is in violation of Judaism, as it also is to do obeisance to sun, moon, and stars, as well as images.  You will find at least in the book of Jeremiah the words of God censuring by the mouth of the prophet the Jewish people for doing obeisance to such objects, and for sacrificing to the queen of heaven, and to all the host of heaven.1014    Cf. Jer. vii. 17, 18.  The writings of the Christians, moreover, show, in censuring the sins committed among the Jews, that when God abandoned that people on account of certain sins, these sins (of idol-worship) also were committed by them.  For it is related in the Acts of the Apostles regarding the Jews, that “God turned, and gave them up to worship the host of heaven; as it is written in the book of the prophets, O ye house of Israel, have ye offered to Me slain beasts and sacrifices by the space of forty years in the wilderness?  Yea, ye took up the tabernacle of Moloch, and the star of your god Remphan, figures which you made to worship them.”1015    Cf. Acts vii. 42, 43.  And in the writings of Paul, who was carefully trained in Jewish customs, and converted afterwards to Christianity by a miraculous appearance of Jesus, the following words may be read in the Epistle to the Colossians:  “Let no man beguile you of your reward in a voluntary humility and worshipping of angels, intruding into those things which he hath not seen, vainly puffed up by his fleshly mind; and not holding the Head, from which all the body by joint and bands having nourishment ministered, and knit together, increaseth with the increase of God.”1016    Cf. Col. ii. 18, 19.  But Celsus, having neither read these verses, nor having learned their contents from any other source, has represented, I know not how, the Jews as not transgressing their law in bowing down to the heavens, and to the angels therein.

Ἐπεὶ δὲ φάσκομεν αὐτὸν συγκεχύσθαι ἔκ τινων παρα κουσμάτων, φέρε καὶ ταῦτα ἡμεῖς κατὰ τὸ δυνατὸν ἡμῖν τρανώσωμεν καὶ παραστήσωμεν ὅτι, Κέλσου νομίζοντος ἰουδαϊκὸν εἶναι τὸ προσκυνεῖν οὐρανῷ καὶ τοῖς ἐν αὐτῷ ἀγγέλοις, οὐκ ἰουδαϊκὸν μὲν τὸ τοιοῦτον, παραβατικὸν δὲ ἰουδαϊσμοῦ ἐστιν, ὥσπερ καὶ τὸ προσκυνεῖν ἡλίῳ καὶ σελήνῃ καὶ ἄστροις ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῖς ἀγάλμασιν. Εὑρήσεις γοῦν μάλιστα ἐν τῷ Ἱερεμίᾳ τὸν τοῦ θεοῦ λόγον, διὰ τοῦ προφήτου μεμφόμενον τῷ Ἰουδαίων λαῷ ὡς προσκυνοῦντι τὰ τοιαῦτα καὶ θύοντι "τῇ βασιλίσσῃ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ" καὶ "πάσῃ τῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ". ∆ηλοῦσι δὲ καὶ οἱ Χριστιανῶν λόγοι, κατηγοροῦντες τῶν ἐν Ἰουδαίοις ἁμαρτανομένων, ὅτι θεοῦ ἐγκαταλιπόντος τὸν λαὸν ἐκεῖνον ἐπί τισιν ἁμαρτήμασι καὶ ταῦτ' αὐτοῖς ἡμαρτάνετο. Ἐν μὲν γὰρ ταῖς Πράξεσι γέγραπται τῶν ἀποστόλων περὶ Ἰουδαίων ὅτι "Ἔστρεψε δὲ ὁ θεὸς καὶ παρέδωκεν αὐτοὺς λατρεύειν τῇ στρατιᾷ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καθὼς γέγραπται ἐν βίβλῳ τῶν προφητῶν· μὴ σφάγια καὶ θυσίας προσηνέγκατέ μοι ἐν τῇ ἐρήμῳ τεσσαράκοντα ἔτη, οἶκος Ἰσραήλ, καὶ ἀνελάβετε τὴν σκηνὴν Μολὸχ καὶ τὸ ἄστρον τοῦ θεοῦ Ῥομφᾶ, τοὺς τύπους, οὓς ἐποιήσατε προσκυνεῖν αὐτοῖς;" Παρὰ δὲ τῷ Παύλῳ, ἀκριβῶς τὰ Ἰουδαίων παιδευθέντι καὶ ὕστερον ἐκ παραδόξου ἐπιφανείας Ἰησοῦ χριστιανίσαντι, τοιαῦτ' ἐν τῇ πρὸς Κολασσαεῖς λέλεκται· "Μηδεὶς ὑμᾶς καταβραβευέτω θέλων ἐν ταπεινοφροσύνῃ καὶ θρησκείᾳ τῶν ἀγγέλων, ἃ ἑώρακεν ἐμβατεύων, εἰκῇ φυσιούμενος ὑπὸ τοῦ νοὸς τῆς σαρκὸς αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐ κρατῶν τὴν κεφαλήν, ἐξ οὗ πᾶν τὸ σῶμα διὰ τῶν ἁφῶν καὶ συνδέσμων ἐπιχορηγούμενον καὶ συμβιβαζόμενον αὔξει τὴν αὔξησιν τοῦ θεοῦ." Ταῦτα δὲ μήτ' ἀναγνοὺς μήτε μαθὼν ὁ Κέλσος οὐκ οἶδ' ὅπως πεποίηκεν ὡς οὐ παρανομοῦντας Ἰουδαίους προσκυνεῖν τῷ οὐρανῷ καὶ τοῖς ἐν αὐτῷ ἀγγέλοις.