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were turning back. But the followers of Totila, thinking that the enemy were still pursuing them, pressed forward no less, although they were most certainly carrying him with them, mortally wounded and fainting, necessity dictating to them their violent course.8.32.27 And having covered eighty-four stades, they arrived at a place named Caprae. There they finally rested and attended to Totila's wound, who not long 8.32.28 after measured out his life. And there his followers hid him in the earth and withdrew. This was the end of both the reign and the life of Totila, after he had ruled the Goths for eleven years, an end not befitting his previous deeds, since fortune had formerly favoured the man, and his end was not in keeping with his achievements.8.32.29 But now too fortune, openly preening herself and mocking human affairs, has displayed her peculiar irrationality and the unprovoked nature of her will, having for a long time granted good fortune to Totila for no reason, and now so insolently ordaining cowardice and destruction for the man from unfitting circumstances in the present case.8.32.30 But these things, I think, have never been comprehensible to man, nor will they ever be hereafter; but they are always spoken of and believed, whispered through all eternity, as is pleasing to each, with a plausible-seeming argument consoling ignorance. But I shall return to my former account. 8.32.31 At any rate, the Romans did not know that Totila had thus vanished from the world, until a certain woman, a Goth 8.32.32 by race, both told them and showed them the tomb. And those who heard, thinking the story was not sound, came to the place, and digging up the coffin with no hesitation, they brought the body of Totila out from there, and having recognized him, as they say, and having satisfied their own desire with this sight, they hid him in the earth again, and immediately reported the whole story to Narses.8.32.33 But some say that the events concerning Totila and this battle did not happen in this way, but in another manner; which it has seemed to me not at all out of place to record.8.32.34 For they say that the retreat of the Gothic army did not happen without cause or irrationally, but that as some of the Romans were skirmishing, an arrow from a bow suddenly struck Totila, not by the design of the one who shot it, since Totila was standing neglected somewhere in the battle-line, armed and arrayed in the manner of a soldier, not wishing to be conspicuous to the enemy, nor in any way exposing himself to attack, but some fortune contrived these things for him and directed the shaft to the man's body; and he, having been mortally wounded, as it happened, and being in great pain, got outside the battle-line and with a few men slowly went to the rear. 8.32.35 And as far as Caprae he rode his horse, enduring the suffering, but there he fainted and remained for the rest of the time to have his wound treated, and not long after 8.32.36 the final day of his life came upon him. And the army of the Goths, which was not otherwise a match for the enemy, but also since their leader had unexpectedly been put out of the fight, fell into a state of shock, that Totila alone had been mortally wounded by them, and not by a plot of the enemy, and as a result, becoming terrified and disheartened, they fell into boundless dread and so shameful a retreat. But concerning these things let each man speak as he knows. 8.33.1 But Narses, becoming overjoyed at what had happened, did not cease to attribute everything to God, as was indeed the true account, and he administered the affairs at hand.8.33.2 And first, wishing to be rid of the outrageous conduct of the Lombards who followed him (for in addition to their other lawlessness in their way of life, they were burning the buildings they came upon and were forcibly consorting with the women who fled for refuge to the sanctuaries), having presented them with great sums of money, he sent them off to go to their ancestral homes, and Valerian and Damianus, the

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ὀπίσω ἀνέστρεφον. οἱ δὲ τῷ Τουτίλᾳ ἐπισπόμενοι, διώκειν σφᾶς ἔτι τοὺς πολεμίους οἰόμενοι, οὐδέν τι ἧσσον πρόσω ἤλαυνον, καίπερ αὐτὸν καιρίαν πληγέντα καὶ λειποψυχοῦντα βεβαιότατα ἐπαγόμενοι, πρυτανευού8.32.27 σης αὐτοῖς τῆς ἀνάγκης τὸν βίαιον δρόμον. σταδίους δὲ ἀνύσαντες τέσσαράς τε καὶ ὀγδοήκοντα ἐς χωρίον ἀφίκοντο Κάπρας ὄνομα. οὗ δὴ τὸ λοιπὸν ἡσυχάζοντες Τουτίλα τὴν πληγὴν ἐθεράπευον, ὅσπερ οὐ πολλῷ 8.32.28 ὕστερον τὸν βίον ἐξεμέτρησεν. ἐνταῦθά τε αὐτὸν οἱ ἐπισπόμενοι κρύψαντες τῇ γῇ ἀνεχώρησαν. αὕτη γέγονε Τουτίλᾳ τῆς τε ἀρχῆς καὶ τοῦ βίου καταστροφὴ, ἔτη ἕνδεκα Γότθων ἄρξαντι, οὐκ ἐπαξίως ἐπιγενομένη τῶν ἔμπροσθεν αὐτῷ πεπραγμένων, ἐπεὶ καὶ τὰ πράγματα πρότερον τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ ἐχώρησε, καὶ τοῖς ἔργοις οὐ 8.32.29 κατὰ λόγον ἡ τελευτὴ ἐπεγένετο. ἀλλὰ καὶ νῦν ἡ τύχη ὡραϊζομένη τε διαφανῶς καὶ διασύρουσα τὰ ἀνθρώπεια τό τε παράλογον τὸ αὐτῆς ἴδιον καὶ τὸ τοῦ βουλήματος ἀπροφάσιστον ἐπιδέδεικται, Τουτίλᾳ μὲν τὴν εὐδαιμονίαν ἐξ αἰτίας οὐδεμιᾶς ἐπὶ χρόνου μῆκος αὐτοματίσασα, δειλίαν δὲ οὕτω τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ καὶ καταστροφὴν ἀπαυθαδισαμένη ἐξ οὐ προσηκόντων ἐν τῷ 8.32.30 παρόντι. ἀλλὰ ταῦτα μὲν ἀνθρώπῳ, οἶμαι, καταληπτὰ οὔτε γέγονε πώποτε οὔτε μήποτε ὕστερον ἔσται· λέγεται δὲ ἀεὶ καὶ δοξάζεται διαψιθυριζόμενα ἐς τὸν πάντα αἰῶνα, ὥς πη ἑκάστῳ φίλον, λόγῳ τῷ εἰκότι δοκοῦντι εἶναι παρηγοροῦντι τὴν ἄγνοιαν. ἐγὼ δὲ ἐπὶ τὸν πρότερον λόγον ἐπάνειμι. 8.32.31 Τουτίλαν γοῦν Ῥωμαῖοι οὕτως ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἀφανισθῆναι οὐκ ἔγνωσαν, ἕως αὐτοῖς γυνὴ μία, Γότθα 8.32.32 γένος, ἔφρασέ τε καὶ τὸν τάφον ἐπέδειξεν. οἵ τε ἀκηκοότες οὐχ ὑγιᾶ τὸν λόγον εἶναι οἰόμενοι, ἐν τῷ χωρίῳ ἐγένοντο, καὶ τὴν θήκην ὀκνήσει οὐδεμιᾷ διορύξαντες ἐξήνεγκαν μὲν τὸν Τουτίλαν ἐνθένδε νεκρὸν, ἐπιγνόντες δὲ αὐτὸν, ὥς φασι, καὶ τούτου δὴ τοῦ θεάματος ἐμπλησάμενοι τὴν σφετέραν ἐπιθυμίαν αὖθις αὐτὸν τῇ γῇ ἔκρυψαν, ἔς τε Ναρσῆν αὐτίκα τὸν πάντα 8.32.33 λόγον ἀνήνεγκαν. τινὲς δὲ οὐχ οὕτω τά γε κατὰ Τουτίλαν καὶ τήνδε τὴν μάχην ξυμβῆναι, ἀλλὰ τρόπῳ τῳ ἑτέρῳ φασίν· ὅνπερ μοι ἀναγράψασθαι οὔ τοι ἄπο 8.32.34 τρόπου ἔδοξεν εἶναι. λέγουσι γὰρ οὐκ ἀπροφάσιστον οὐδὲ παράλογον τὴν ὑπαγωγὴν ξυνενεχθῆναι τῷ Γότθων στρατῷ, ἀλλὰ Ῥωμαίων ἀκροβολιζομένων τινῶν βέλος ἐκ τοξεύματος τῷ Τουτίλᾳ ἐξαπιναίως ἐπιπεσεῖν, οὐκ ἐκ προνοίας τοῦ πέμψαντος, ἐπεὶ Τουτίλας ἐν στρατιώτου λόγῳ ὡπλισμένος τε καὶ παρατεταγμένος ὅπου δὴ τῆς φάλαγγος ἀπημελημένος εἱστήκει, οὐ βουλόμενος τοῖς πολεμίοις ἔνδηλος εἶναι, οὐδέ πη αὑτὸν ἐς ἐπιβουλὴν παρεχόμενος, ἀλλὰ τύχης τούτῳ ταῦτα σκευωρουμένης τινὸς καὶ ἰθυνάσης ἐπὶ τὸ τοῦ ἀνθρώπου σῶμα τὸν ἄτρακτον· καὶ αὐτὸν μὲν καιρίαν βληθέντα, ὡς ἔνι μάλιστα, περιώδυνον γεγενημένον ἔξω γενέσθαι τῆς φάλαγγος ξύν τε ὀλίγοις κατὰ βραχὺ ὀπίσω ἰέναι. 8.32.35 καὶ μέχρι μὲν ἐς Κάπρας ἀντέχοντα τῇ ταλαιπωρίᾳ τὸν ἵππον ἐλᾶν, ἐνταῦθα δὲ λειποψυχήσαντα τὸ λοιπὸν μεῖναι τὴν πληγὴν θεραπεύσοντα, οὐ πολλῷ τε ὕστερον 8.32.36 αὐτῷ ἐπιγενέσθαι τὴν τέλειον ἡμέραν τοῦ βίου. τὴν δὲ Γότθων στρατιὰν οὔτε ἄλλως ἀξιόμαχον τοῖς ἐναντίοις οὖσαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀπομάχου σφίσι παρὰ δόξαν γεγενημένου τοῦ ἄρχοντος, ἐν θάμβει γενέσθαι, εἰ μόνος αὐτοῖς οὐκ ἐξ ἐπιβουλῆς τῶν πολεμίων ὁ Τουτίλας καιρίαν βληθείη, καὶ ἀπ' αὐτοῦ περιφόβους τε καὶ ἀθύμους γεγενημένους ἔς τε ὀρρωδίαν ὅρον οὐκ ἔχουσαν καὶ ὑπαγωγὴν οὕτως αἰσχρὰν ἐμπεπτωκέναι. ἀλλὰ περὶ μὲν τούτων λεγέτω ἕκαστος ὅπη γινώσκει. 8.33.1 Ναρσῆς δὲ περιχαρὴς τοῖς ξυμπεπτωκόσι γενόμενος ἐπαναφέρων οὐκ ἀνίει ἐς τὸν θεὸν ἅπαντα, ὅπερ καὶ ὁ ἀληθὴς λόγος ἐγίνετο, τά τε ἐν ποσὶ διῳ8.33.2 κεῖτο. καὶ πρῶτα μὲν τῶν οἱ ἐπισπομένων Λαγγοβαρδῶν ἀπαλλαξείων τῆς ἀτοπίας (οἵ γε πρὸς τῇ ἄλλῃ ἐς τὴν δίαιταν παρανομίᾳ τάς τε οἰκοδομίας, αἷς ἂν ἐντύχοιεν, ἐνεπίμπρασαν καὶ γυναιξὶ ταῖς ἐς τὰ ἱερὰ καταφευγούσαις βιαζόμενοι ἐπλησίαζον) χρήμασι μεγάλοις αὐτοὺς δεξιωσάμενος ἐς τὰ πάτρια ἤθη ἀφῆκεν ἰέναι, Βαλεριανόν τε καὶ ∆αμιανὸν, τὸν