425

a very clear knowledge of the grace of which they were deprived; but to others, giving an ineffable [knowledge] according to sense of the goodness for which they had a desire, making the full knowledge manifest through participation.

33. The intellect, he says, is the instrument of wisdom; reason, of knowledge; the natural full assurance according to both, of the faith which consists in both; and natural philanthropy, of the gift of healing. For every divine gift has in us a suitable and appropriate receptive instrument, such as a power, or a state, or a disposition. For example, one who has made his intellect pure of every fantasy of the senses, receives wisdom; one who has established reason as master over the innate passions—I mean, anger and desire—receives knowledge; one who possesses unshakable full assurance concerning divine things, in accordance with his intellect and reason, receives the faith which can do all things; and one who has rectified his natural philanthropy after the complete eradication of self-love, receives the gifts of healing.

34. Each one of us possesses the manifest energy of the Spirit according to the proportion of faith within him. Therefore each one is the steward of grace for himself; and being of sound mind, he would never envy another who thrives in the gifts, since the disposition for receiving divine goods lies in himself.

35. The cause of the distribution of divine goods, he says, is the measure of each person's faith. For as we believe, so also do we have the increase of eagerness for action. Thus, one who acts demonstrates the measure of his faith in proportion to his action, receiving the measure of grace as he believed; but one who does not act demonstrates the measure of his unbelief in proportion to his inaction, receiving the deprivation of grace as he disbelieved. Therefore the envious person does wrong in begrudging those who succeed, since the choice to believe and to act, and to receive the grace that comes according to the measure of faith, clearly lies in himself, not in another (1276).

36. The lover of good things, according to providence, willingly hastens through the principles of wisdom toward the grace of deification; but one who does not love these things is, according to just judgment, unwillingly led away from wickedness by means of chastisement; the one, as a lover of God, being deified through providence; the other, as a lover of matter, not being permitted through judgment to come to condemnation. For God, being good, heals those who are willing by the principles of wisdom; but cures by means of chastisement those who are slow to move toward virtue.

37. True faith is a cohesive and constitutive truth, containing no falsehood; but a good conscience brings with it the power of love, as having no transgression of a commandment.

38. And there shall rest upon him, he says, seven spirits: a spirit of wisdom, a spirit of understanding, a spirit of knowledge, a spirit of science, a spirit of counsel, a spirit of strength, a spirit of the fear of God. The property of these spiritual gifts is: of fear, abstinence from evils; of strength, the practice of good things; of counsel, the discernment of opposites; of science, the unadulterated knowledge of one's duties; of knowledge, the active comprehension of the divine principles in the virtues; of understanding, the disposition of the whole soul toward the things that have been known; of wisdom, the unknowable union with God, by which desire becomes enjoyment for the worthy, making by participation the participant God, and establishing him as an interpreter of the divine blessedness, according to the ever-flowing, unostentatious procession and passage toward those in need of the divine mysteries.

39. The spirit of the fear of God is abstinence from evils in practice; the spirit of strength is the ready impulse and movement toward the active practice of the commandments; the spirit of counsel is the state of discernment, according to which we practice the divine commandments with reason, and we distinguish the worse things from the better; the spirit of science is the unerring knowledge of the ways of virtuous practice; according to which

425

γνῶσιν ἀρίδηλον ἧς ἐστερήθησαν χάριτος· τοῖς δέ δωρουμένη κατ᾿ αἴσθησιν ἄῤῥητον, ἧς εἶχον τήν ἔφεσιν ἀγαθότητος, τῇ μεθέξει φανεράν τήν ἐπίγνωσιν.

λγ΄. Ὁ νοῦς, σοφίας ὄργανον, φησίν· ὁ λόγος, γνώσεως· ἡ κατ᾿ ἄμφω φυσική πληροφορία, τῆς κατ᾿ ἄμφω συνισταμένης πίστεως· τοῦ δέ τῶν ἰαμάτων χαρίσματος ἡ φυσική φιλανθρωπία. Πᾶν γάρ χάρισμα θεῖον, ἐπιτήδειον ἐν ἡμῖν ἔχει καί προσφυές, ὥσπερ δύναμιν, ἤ ἕξιν ἤ διάθεσιν, ὄργανον δεκτικόν. Οἷον, ὁ τόν νοῦν πάσης αἰσθητῶν φαντασίας ποιήσας καθαρόν, δέχεται σοφίαν· ὁ δέ τόν λόγον τῶν ἐμφύτων παθῶν, θυμοῦ λέγω καί ἐπιθυμίας, καταστήσας δεσπότην, δέχεται γνῶσιν· ὁ δέ τήν κατά νοῦν καί λόγον περί τά θεῖα ἀσάλευτον πληροφορίαν ἔχων, τήν πάντα δυναμένην δέχεται πίστιν· ὁ δέ τήν φυσικήν κατορθώσας φιλανθρωπίαν μετά τήν τελείαν τῆς φιλαυτίας ἀναίρεσιν, ἰαμάτων δέχεται χαρίσματα.

λδ΄. Ἕκαστος ἡμῶν, κατά τήν ἀναλογίαν τῆς ἐν αὐτῷ πίστεως, φανερουμένην κέκτηται τοῦ Πνεύματος τήν ἐνέργειαν. Ὥστε ταμίας ὑπάρχει τῆς χάριτος ἕκαστος ἑαυτοῦ· καί οὔποτ᾿ ἄν εὖ φρονῶν ἄλλῳ φθονήσειεν ἐνευδοκιμοῦντι ταῖς χάρισιν, ἐπ᾿ αὐτῷ κειμένης τῆς δεκτικῆς τῶν θείων ἀγαθῶν διαθέσεως.

λε΄. Αἴτιον εἶναί φησι τῆς τῶν θείων διανομῆς ἀγαθῶν, τό μέτρον τῆς ἑκάστου πίστεως. Καθώς γάρ πιστεύομεν, καί τήν ἐπί τό πράττειν τῆς προθυμίας ἐπίδοσιν ἔχομεν. Ὁ γοῦν πράττων, κατά τήν ἀναλογίαν τῆς πράξεως ἐπιδείκνυται τό μέτρον τῆς πίστεως, δεχόμενος ὡς ἐπίστευσε τό μέτρον τῆς χάριτος· ὁ δέ μή πράττων, κατά τήν ἀναλογίαν τῆς ἀπραξίας ἐπιδείκνυται τό μέτρον τῆς ἀπιστίας, δεχόμενος ὡς ἠπίστησε, τῆς χάριτος τήν στέρησιν. Οὐκοῦν κακῶς ποιεῖ βασκαίνων τοῖς κατορθοῦσιν ὁ φθονερός ἐπ᾿ αὐτῷ σαφῶς, οὐκ ἐπ᾿ ἄλλῳ (1276) κειμένης τῆς τῶν πιστεύειν τε καί πράττειν, καί πρός τό μέτρον τῆς πίστεως ἐρχομένην δέξασθαι τήν χάριν, ἐπιλογῆς.

λστ΄. Ὁ τῶν καλῶν ἐραστής, κατά πρόνοιαν σοφίας λόγοις ἑκουσίως ἐπείγεται πρός τήν τῆς θεώσεως χάριν· ὁ δέ τούτων ἀνέραστος, κατά τήν δικαίαν κρίσιν, παιδείας τρόποις ἀκουσίως κακίας ἀπάγεται· ὁ μέν, ὡς φιλόθεος διά τῆς προνοίας θεούμενος· ὁ δέ, διά τῆς κρίσεως, ὡς φιλόϋλος εἰς κατάκρισιν ἐλθεῖν μή συγχωρούμενος. Ὁ γάρ Θεός ὡς ἀγαθός, σοφίας μέν λόγοις θεραπεύει τούς θέλοντας· παιδείας δέ τρόποις τούς πρός ἀρετήν δυσκινήτους ἰᾶται.

λζ΄. Ἡ μέν ὄντως πίστις, ἀλήθεια ἐστι συνεκτική τε καί συστατική, ψεῦδος οὐκ ἔχουσα· ἡ δέ ἀγαθή συνείδησις, τήν τῆς ἀγάπης ἐπιφέρεται δύναμιν, ὡς μηδεμίαν ἔχουσα παράβασιν ἐντολῆς.

λη΄. Καί ἐπαναπαύσεται, φησίν, ἐπ᾿ αὐτόν, ἑπτά πνεύματα· πνεῦμα σοφίας, πνεῦμα συνέσεως, πνεῦμα γνώσεως, πνεῦμα ἐπιστήμης, πνεῦμα βουλῆς, πνεῦμα ἰσχύος, πνεῦμα φόβου Θεοῦ. Ἔστι δέ ἴδιον τῶν πνευματικῶν τούτων χαρισμάτων, φόβου μέν, ἡ ἀποχή τῶν κακῶν· ἰσχύος δέ, ἡ πρᾶξις τῶν ἀγαθῶν· βουλῆς δέ, ἡ τῶν ἀντικειμένων διάκρισις· ἐπιστήμη δέ, ἡ τῶν καθηκόντων ἀνόθευτος εἴδησις· γνώσεως δέ, ἡ κατ᾿ ἐνέργειαν τῶν ἐν ταῖς ἀρεταῖς θείων λόγων περίληψις· συνέσεως δέ, ἡ πρός τά γνωσθέντα διόλου τῆς ψυχῆς συνδιάθεσις· σοφίας δέ, ἡ πρός Θεόν ἀδιάγνωστος ἕνωσις, καθ᾿ ἥν τοῖς ἀξίοις ἡ ἔφεσις ἀπόλαυσις γίνεται, μεθέξει ποιοῦσα Θεόν τόν μετέχοντα, καί τῆς θείας αὐτόν ὑποφήτην καθιστῶσα μακαριότητος, κατά τήν ἀένναον πρός τούς δεομένους τῶν θείων μυστηρίων, ἀνεκπόμπευτον προβολήν καί διέξοδον.

λθ΄. Τό πνεῦμα τοῦ φόβου τοῦ Θεοῦ, τῶν κατ᾿ ἐνέργειαν κακῶν ἐστιν ἀποχή· τό δέ πνεῦμα τῆς ἰσχύος, ἡ πρός ἐνέργειαν καί πρᾶξιν τῶν ἐντολῶν πρόθυμος ὁρμή καί κίνησις· τό δέ πνεῦμα τῆς βουλῆς, ἡ ἕξις τῆς διακρίσεως, καθ᾿ ἥν σύν λόγῳ τάς θείας πράττομεν ἐντολάς, καί τῶν κρειττόνων διαιροῦμεν τά χείρονα· τό δέ πνεῦμα τῆς ἐπιστήμης, ἡ τῶν κατ᾿ ἀρετήν τῆς πράξεως τρόπων ἄπτωτος εἴδησις· καθ᾿ ἥν