Chapter LVIII.

There is next to be answered the following query:  “And how is it that he repents when men become ungrateful and wicked; and finds fault with his own handwork, and hates, and threatens, and destroys his own offspring?”  Now Celsus here calumniates and falsities what is written in the book of Genesis to the following effect:  “And the Lord God, seeing that the wickedness of men upon the earth was increasing, and that every one in his heart carefully meditated to do evil continually, was grieved1499    ἐνεθυμήθη, in all probability a corruption for ἐθυμώθη, which Hoeschel places in the text, and Spencer in the margin of his ed.:  Heb. סחֶנָּיִּוַ. He had made man upon the earth.  And God meditated in His heart, and said, I will destroy man, whom I have made, from the face of the earth, both man and beast, and creeping thing, and fowl of the air, because I am grieved1500    ἐνεθυμήθην.  Cf. remark in note 2. that I made them;”1501    Cf. Gen. vi. 5–7. quoting words which are not written in Scripture, as if they conveyed the meaning of what was actually written.  For there is no mention in these words of the repentance of God, nor of His blaming and hating His own handwork.  And if there is the appearance of God threatening the catastrophe of the deluge, and thus destroying His own children in it, we have to answer that, as the soul of man is immortal, the supposed threatening has for its object the conversion of the hearers, while the destruction of men by the flood is a purification of the earth, as certain among the Greek philosophers of no mean repute have indicated by the expression:  “When the gods purify the earth.”1502    Cf. Plato in Timæo.  And with respect to the transference to God of those anthropopathic phrases, some remarks have been already made by us in the preceding pages.

Εἶθ' ἑξῆς ἐστιν ἀπαντῆσαι πρὸς τὸ πῶς δ' ἐπ' αὐτοῖς ἀχαρίστοις καὶ πονηροῖς γενομένοις μεταμέλει καὶ τὴν ἑαυτοῦ τέχνην μέμφεται καὶ μισεῖ καὶ ἀπειλεῖ καὶ φθείρει τὰ ἴδια ἔκγονα; Συκοφαντεῖ δ' ἐν τούτοις καὶ καταψεύδεται τῶν ἐν τῇ Γενέσει γεγραμμένων τὸν τρόπον τοῦτον· "Ἰδὼν δὲ κύριος ὁ θεὸς ὅτι ἐπληθύνθησαν αἱ κακίαι τῶν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς, καὶ πᾶς τις διανοεῖται ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ ἐπιμελῶς ἐπὶ τὰ πονηρὰ πάσας τὰς ἡμέρας, ἐνεθυμήθη ὁ θεὸς ὅτι ἐποίησε τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς· καὶ διενοήθη ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ καὶ εἶπεν ὁ θεός· ἀπαλείψω τὸν ἄνθρωπον, ὃν ἐποίησα, ἀπὸ προσώπου τῆς γῆς, ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπου ἕως κτήνους καὶ ἀπὸ ἑρπετῶν ἕως τῶν πετεινῶν τοῦ οὐρανοῦ· ὅτι ἐθυμώθην, ὅτι ἐποίησα αὐτούς", τὰ μὴ γεγραμμένα ἐκτιθέμενος ὡς δηλούμενα ἀπὸ τῶν γεγραμμένων. Μεταμέλεια γὰρ ἐν τούτοις οὐκ ὠνομάσθη θεοῦ οὐδ' ὅτι τὴν ἑαυτοῦ τέχνην μέμφεται καὶ μισεῖ. Εἰ δὲ δοκεῖ ὁ θεὸς ἀπειλεῖν τὰ τοῦ κατακλυσμοῦ καὶ φθείρειν ἐν αὐτῷ τὰ ἴδια ἔκγονα, λεκτέον ὅτι, ἀθανάτου τῆς ψυχῆς τῶν ἀνθρώπων τυγχανούσης, ἡ μὲν νομιζομένη ἀπειλὴ ἐπιστρέφειν βούλεται τοὺς ἀκούοντας, ἡ δ' ἐν τῷ κατακλυσμῷ διαφθορὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων καθάρσιόν ἐστι τῆς γῆς, ὡς καὶ Ἑλλήνων οἱ μὴ εὐκαταφρονήτως φιλοσοφήσαντες εἰρήκασιν ἐν τῷ· "Ὅταν δ' οἱ θεοὶ τὴν γῆν καθαίρωσι." Περὶ δὲ τῶν ὡσπερεὶ ἀνθρωποπαθῶν λέξεων ἀναφερομένων ἐπὶ τὸν θεὸν οὐκ ὀλίγα ἡμῖν καὶ ἐν τοῖς ἀνωτέρω λέλεκται.