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De mensuribus et ponderibus (excerptum Graecum 2)

Of the holy Epiphanius concerning measures and weights.

A koros of grain is thirty modioi, which is called a chor; chor is so called from the placing of mounds, for mounds are called choriai. A medimnos is five modioi, so that four modioi are twenty-two xestai measures. A fakel of barley is fifteen modioi, which is called an eparma. A kados of oil is fifty xestai. and this is of the work of the oil-presser. A baton is heaped modioi so as to be one modios. but for liquids, fifty xestai. An artabe is seventy-two xestai. A full measure. Three measures of fine flour. each measure held a gomoron. and the gomoron is a tenth of the great measure of the artabe, that is, seven and a fifth xestai. Three kana of coarse meal or groats. the kana he calls kaniskelia. and chondrites is a type of grain cut in two. A nebel of wine is a measure of one hundred fifty xestai. A kotyle is half a xestes. and from that, those who sell wine or oil are said to be, or rather are called, kotylistai. A tryblion in shape is an oxybaphin or oxybaphon, that is, a side-dish. and it holds half a xestes. An aporryma holds half of a saiton. and the saiton is twenty-two xestai. and it is in an earthenware vessel. A saphitha is a measure of twenty-two xestai according to some. and according to others, eighteen; but the holy one is nine. A kampsakes of water is four xestai. A chous is a chouza, the large one being twenty-eight xestai, but the holy one six xestai. An alabastron of myrrh. a byssine alabastron is roundish, holding one litra, or mina. A siklon. the siklon is the fourth of an oungia, which is one and a half nomisma. Medok means the kyathoi. and masmarod means the strainers. A kyathos sometimes refers to a single cup, which is one xestes, and sometimes to a triple one, which is three xestai. and it is a ladle for drawing from an earthenware jar by a long handle. a kyathos holds one oungia, but one of oil one and a half oungia, and one of wine one and a sixth oungia, and one of honey two and a half oungiai. The great gomor, which is also a lethek. and lethek, as is said in the prophet Hosea, "I hired for myself for a lethek of barley." It is therefore the same thing. for fifteen modioi are indicated. A drachme is 3 grammata. A drax of flour. a drax is the grasp of a hand. The great hin is eighteen xestai. but the holy one is five and a half xestai, of metrētai seventy-two xestai. Silver and bronze coins are of a weight of three grammata. a perfect silver coin is one hundred litrai. a silver coin, and a mna, and a manes is twenty oungiai, which becomes one litra and eight oungiai. An amphoreus is twenty-four xestai. For two assaria, lepta. one assarion is a weight of six grammata. Three balantia, which are also foloi, of two hundred fifty denarii, become three hundred twelve litrai. A denarion weighs one litra three oungiai. A didrachmon is six grammata. A lepton saton is three grammata. a lepton is a weight of a quarter of an oungia. for asar is Hebrew, and its diminutive is called asarion, about which the Lord says, "Are not two sparrows sold for an asarion?". A milliarision, both the gold and half of the silver, is ten oungiai. A nomisma is one hundred twenty-five litrai. a nomisma of other grammata. A noummon. A certain Numa, king of the Romans, made it, and it was called after his name. An obolos not of silver but made from iron is three grammata. an obolos of silver is three grammata. A holke is two grammata. A holy siklos is twelve grammata. A stater is twelve grammata. A foles, which is a balantion, has two and a half silver pieces. Two hundred fifty denarii, litrai. Nyron the holy siklos in Numbers thus of fifteen litrai says 'your firstborn of five sikloi' according to the holy siklos twenty. An oxybaphon has eight xestai. A kochliarion has seventy-two xestai. shows the siklos of four

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De mensuribus et ponderibus (excerptum Graecum 2)

Τοῦ ἁγίου Ἐπιφανίου περὶ μέτρων καὶ σταθμῶν.

Κόρος σίτου μόδια τριάκοντα, ὃ λέγεται χώρ· χὼρ λέγεται ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν βουνῶν ὑποθέσεως· χωρίαι γὰρ καλοῦνται οἱ βουνοί. Μέδιμνον μόδια πέντε, ὡς εἶναι μόδια τέσσαρα μέτρων ξεστῶν εἴκοσι καὶ δύο. Φακὲλ κριθῆς μόδιοι δέκα πέντε, ὃ καλεῖται ἔπαρμα. Κάδος ἐλαίου ξεστῶν πεντήκοντα. ἔστι δὲ τοῦτο τοῦ ἐλαιοτρίπτου ἐργασίας. Βάτον ἐστὶ μόδια κουμουλᾶτα ὡς εἶναι μόδιον ἕν. δι' ὑγρῶν δὲ ξεστῶν πεντήκοντα. Ἀρτάβη ἐστὶ ξεστῶν ἑβδομήκοντα δύο. Μέτρον τέλειον. Τρία μέτρα σεμιδάλεος. ἕκαστον μέτρον γόμορον εἶχε. τὸ δὲ γόμορον δέκατόν ἐστι τοῦ μεγάλου μέτρου τῆς ἀρτάβης, τοῦτ' ἐστὶ ξεστῶν ἑπτὰ καὶ πέμπτον. Τρία κανᾶ χονδρίτου ἢ χόνδρου. τὰ κανᾶ κανισκέλια καλεῖ. χονδρίτου δὲ ἐστὶν εἶδος σίτου εἰς δύο τεμνόμενον. Νέβελ οἴνου μέτρον ξεστῶν ἑκατὸν πεντήκοντα. Κοτύλη ἥμισυ ξέστου ὑπάρχει. κἀκεῖθεν οἱ πωλοῦντες οἶνον ἢ ἔλαιον κοτυλισταὶ λέγονται ἤγουν κέκληνται. Τρυβλίον τὴν μὲν πλάσιν ἐστὶν ὀξυβαφὶν ἢ ὀξύβαφον εἴτουν παροψίς. χωρεῖ δὲ ξέστου τὸ ἥμισυ. Ἀπόρρυμα τὸ ἥμισυ τοῦ σαϊτοῦ ἔχει. τὸ δὲ σαϊτὸν εἴκοσι καὶ δύο ξεστῶν ἐστίν. ἔστι δὲ ἐν τύλῳ κεραμίῳ. Σαφιθά ἐστι μέτρον ξεστῶν εἴκοσι καὶ δύο παρὰ τισί. καὶ παρ' ἄλλοις δέκα καὶ ὀκτώ· τὸ δὲ ἅγιον ἐννέα. Καμψάκης ὕδατος ξεστῶν τεσσάρων. Χοῦς ἐστὶ χουζᾶ, τὸ μὲν μέγα ξεστῶν εἴκοσι καὶ ὀκτώ, τὸ δὲ ἅγιον ξεστῶν ἕξ. Ἀλάβαστρον μύρου. ἀλάβαστρον βισσίν ἐστι στρογγυλοειδές, χωροῦν λίτραν μίαν ἤγουν μίναν. Σίκλον. τὸ σίκλον ἐστὶ τὸ τέταρτον τῆς οὐγγίας, ὅπερ ἐστὶ νόμισμα ἓν ἥμισυ. Μεδὼκ λέγει τοὺς κυάθους. τὰ δὲ μασμαρὼδ λέγει τοὺς διυλιστῆρας. Κύαθος πῆ μὲν εἰς ἁπλοῦν ποτήριον, ὅ ἐστι ξέστου ἑνός, πῆ δὲ εἰς τριπλοῦν, ὅ ἐστι ξεστῶν τριῶν. ἀντλητήριον δὲ ἔστιν ἀπὸ κεραμίου ἀντλοῦν διὰ μακρᾶς λαβῆς. κύαθος ἔχει οὐγγίαν μίαν, ὁ δὲ τοῦ ἐλαίου οὐγγίαν μίαν ἥμισυ, ὁ δὲ τοῦ οἴνου οὐγγίαν μίαν καὶ ἕκτον, ὁ δὲ τοῦ μέλιτος οὐγγίας δύο ἥμισυ. Γομὸρ τὸ μέγα, ὃ καὶ λεθέκ. λεθὲκ δέ, ὡς ἐν τῷ προφήτῃ Ὠσηὲ εἴρηται «ἐμισθωσάμην ἐμαυτῷ λεθὲκ κριθῶν». τὸ οὖν αὐτό ἐστι. δέκα καὶ πέντε γὰρ μόδιοι σημαίνονται. ∆ραχμὴ γράμματα γ. ∆ρὰξ ἀλεύρου. δρὰξ χειρὸς ἡ κράτησις. Εἲν τὸ μέγα, ξεστῶν δέκα καὶ ὀκτώ. τὸ δὲ ἅγιον ξεστῶν πέντε ἥμισυ, μετρητῶν ξεστῶν ἑβδομήκοντα δύο. Ἀργύρια καὶ τὰ χαλκᾶ σταθμίας γραμμάτων τριῶν. ἄργυρος τέλειος λίτραις ἑκατόν. ἀργυροῦς καὶ μνᾶ καὶ μάνης οὐγγίαι εἴκοσιν, ὃ γίνεται λίτρα μία οὐγγίαι ὀκτώ. Ἀμφορεὺς ξεστῶν εἴκοσι τεσσάρων. ∆ύο ἀσσαρίων, λεπτά. ἓν ἀσσάριον σταθμοὶ γραμμάτων ἕξ. Τρία βαλάντια, ὃ καὶ φόλοι, δηναρίων διακοσίων πεντήκοντα, γίνονται λίτραι τριακόσιαι δώδεκα. ∆ηνάριον σταθμίζει λίτραν μίαν οὐγγίας τρεῖς. ∆ίδραχμον γραμμάτων ἕξ. Λεπτὸν σάτον ἄγει γράμματα τρία. λεπτόν ἐστι σταθμίον οὐγγίας τὸ τέταρτον. ἀσὰρ γὰρ ἑβραϊκόν ἐστι, καὶ ἐλαττούμενον καλεῖται ἀσάριον, περὶ οὗ ὁ κύριος λέγει «οὐχὶ δύο στρουθία ἀσαρίου πωλεῖται;». Μιλλιαρίσιον καὶ χρυσοῦν καὶ ἥμισυ τοῦ ἀργυροῦ ἄγει οὐγγίας δέκα. Νόμισμα λίτραι ἑκατὸν εἴκοσι πέντε. νόμισμα ἄλλων γραμμάτων. Νοῦμμον. Νουμᾶς τις βασιλεὺς Ῥωμαίων ἐποίησε, καὶ πρὸς τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐκλήθη. Ὀβολὸς ὁ οὐκ ἐξ ἀργυρίου, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ σιδήρου πεποιημένος ἄγει γράμματα τρία. ὀβολὸς ὁ ἐξ ἀργυρίου ἄγει γράμματα τρία. Ὁλκὴ ἄγει γράμματα δύο. Σίκλος ἅγιος ἄγει γράμματα δώδεκα. Στατὴρ ἄγει γράμματα δώδεκα. Φόλης καὶ βαλάντιον ἔχει ἀργυροῦς δύο ἥμισυ. ∆ηνάρια διακόσια πεντήκοντα λίτραι. Νυρον τὸν σίκλον τὸν ἅγιον ἐν τοῖς ἀριθμοῖς οὕτως λιτρῶν δέκα πέντε φησι τὸν πρωτό τοκόν σου πέντε σίκλων» κατὰ τὸν σίκλον τὸν ἅγιον εἴκοσι. Ὀξύβαφον ἔχει ξέστας ὀκτώ. Κοχλιάριον ἔχει ξέστας ἑβδομήκοντα δύο. δεικνύει τὸν σίκλον τεττάρων