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De cruce et latrone ii

On the cross, spoken on the holy and great Friday; and on the confession of the thief, and that we ought for our enemies

to pray.

49.407 Homily 2. 1. We celebrate a feast and a festival today, beloved; for our Master happens to be fastened to the cross with nails. And do not be astonished if we celebrate when the event is a somber one; for all spiritual things are such, contrary to human custom. And that you may learn this precisely, the cross was formerly a name for condemnation and punishment, but now has become a thing of honor and desire; the cross was formerly a cause of shame and punishment, but now has become an occasion of glory and honor. And that the cross is glory, hear Christ saying: Father, glorify me with the glory which I had with you before the world was, calling the cross glory. The cross is the sum of our salvation; the cross is the cause of countless good things. Through it, we who were formerly dishonored and cast out have now been received into the order of sons; through it, we no longer wander, but have come to know the truth; through it, we who formerly worshipped wood and stones, have now come to know the creator of all things; through it, we who were slaves of sin have been led up to the freedom of righteousness; through it, the earth has at last become heaven. This has freed us from error, this has guided us to the truth, this has effected the reconciliation of God to men, this has drawn us up from the depth of wickedness, and led us up to the very summit of virtue, this has extinguished the error of the demons, this has destroyed their deceit. Through it, there is no longer smoke and the smell of burnt offerings and the shedding of the blood of irrational animals, but everywhere spiritual services, hymns and prayers; through it, demons flee, through it, the devil is put to flight, through it, human nature vies with the angelic way of life, through it, virginity is practiced on earth. For since he came forth from a Virgin, human nature has come to know the path of this virtue. This has enlightened us who were sitting in darkness, this has reconciled us who were at war, this has made us who were far off to be near, this has made us who were alienated to be his own, this has made us who were strangers into citizens of heaven, this has become for us the abolition of wars, this has become for us the security of peace. 49.408 Through it, we no longer fear the fiery darts of the devil; for we have found the fount of life; through it, we are not in widowhood; for we have received the bridegroom; through it, we no longer fear the wolf; for we have come to know the good shepherd; For I am, he says, the good shepherd. Through it, we no longer shudder at the tyrant; for we have run to the king. Do you see of how many good things the cross is the cause for us? Rightly, therefore, do we celebrate a feast. So also Paul exhorts us to celebrate, saying: Therefore let us keep the feast, not with old leaven, nor with the leaven of malice and wickedness, but with the unleavened bread of sincerity and truth. And for what reason do you bid us to celebrate, O blessed Paul? Tell the reason, For our Passover, he says, has been sacrificed for us, Christ our God. Do you see how the cross is a feast? Have you learned that he bids us to celebrate because of the cross? For on the cross he was sacrificed; and where there is a sacrifice, there

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De cruce et latrone ii

Εἰς τὸν σταυρὸν, ἐλέχθη εἰς τὴν ἁγίαν καὶ μεγάλην Παρασκευήν· καὶ εἰς τὴν ἐξομολόγησιν τοῦ λῃστοῦ, καὶ ὅτι χρὴ ἡμᾶς ὑπὲρ τῶν ἐχθρῶν

εὔχεσθαι.

49.407 Ὁμιλία βʹ. αʹ. Ἑορτὴν ἄγομεν σήμερον καὶ πανήγυριν, ἀγαπητοί· ὁ γὰρ ∆εσπότης ὁ ἡμέτερος ἐπὶ τοῦ σταυροῦ τυγχάνει τοῖς ἥλοις πεπαρμένος. Καὶ μὴ ξενισθῇς, εἰ τοῦ πράγματος σκυθρωποῦ τυγχάνοντος ἡμεῖς ἑορτάζομεν· τοιαῦτα γὰρ ἅπαντα τὰ πνευματικὰ, ἀπεναντίας τῇ συνηθείᾳ τῇ ἀνθρωπίνῃ ἐστί. Καὶ ἵνα μάθῃς τοῦτο ἀκριβῶς, ὁ σταυρὸς πρότερον καταδίκης ὄνομα καὶ τιμωρίας ἦν, νῦν δὲ πρᾶγμα γέγονε τίμιον καὶ ποθεινόν· ὁ σταυρὸς πρότερον αἰσχύνης ἦν καὶ κολάσεως ὑπόθεσις, νῦν δὲ γέγονε δόξης καὶ τιμῆς ἀφορμή. Καὶ ὅτι δόξα ὁ σταυρὸς, ἄκουσον τοῦ Χριστοῦ λέγοντος· Πάτερ, δόξασόν με τῇ δόξῃ ᾗ εἶχον πρὸ τοῦ τὸν κόσμον εἶναι παρὰ σοὶ, δόξαν τὸν σταυρὸν καλῶν. Σταυρὸς τὸ κεφάλαιον τῆς σωτηρίας τῆς ἡμετέρας· σταυρὸς ἡ τῶν μυρίων ἀγαθῶν ὑπόθεσις. ∆ιὰ τοῦτον οἱ πρότερον ἠτιμωμένοι καὶ ἔκπτωτοι, νῦν εἰς τὴν τῶν υἱῶν τάξιν ἐδέχθημεν· διὰ τοῦτον οὐκέτι πλανώμεθα, ἀλλὰ τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐπέγνωμεν· διὰ τοῦτον οἱ ξύλα καὶ λίθους προσκυνοῦντες πρότερον, νῦν ἐπέγνωμεν τὸν τῶν ἁπάντων δημιουργόν· διὰ τοῦτον οἱ δοῦλοι τῆς ἁμαρτίας εἰς τὴν ἐλευθερίαν τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἀνήχθημεν· διὰ τοῦτον ἡ γῆ οὐρανὸς λοιπὸν γέγονεν. Οὗτος ἡμᾶς τῆς πλάνης ἠλευθέρωσεν, οὗτος πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἐχειραγώγησεν, οὗτος καταλλαγὰς Θεοῦ πρὸς ἀνθρώπους ἐποιήσατο, οὗτος ἀπὸ τοῦ βυθοῦ τῆς κακίας ἡμᾶς ἀνασπάσας, εἰς αὐτὴν τῆς ἀρετῆς τὴν κορυφὴν ἀνήγαγεν, οὗτος τῶν δαιμόνων τὴν πλάνην ἔσβεσεν, οὗτος τὴν ἀπάτην καθεῖλε. ∆ιὰ τοῦτον οὐκέτι καπνὸς καὶ κνίσσα καὶ αἱμάτων ἀλόγων ἔκχυσις, ἀλλὰ πανταχοῦ λατρεῖαι πνευματικαὶ, ὕμνοι καὶ εὐχαί· διὰ τοῦτον δαίμονες δραπετεύουσι, διὰ τοῦτον ὁ διάβολος φυγαδεύεται, διὰ τοῦτον ἡ ἀνθρωπίνη φύσις πρὸς τὴν ἀγγελικὴν πολιτείαν ἁμιλλᾶται, διὰ τοῦτον παρθενία ἐπὶ γῆς πολιτεύεται. Ἀφ' οὗ γὰρ ὁ ἐκ Παρθένου προῆλθε, τῆς ἀρετῆς ταύτης τὴν ὁδὸν ἐπέγνω ἡ τῶν ἀνθρώπων φύσις. Οὗτος ἡμᾶς ἐν σκότει καθημένους ἐφώτισεν, οὗτος ἡμᾶς ἐκπεπολεμωμένους κατήλλαξεν, οὗτος μακρὰν ὄντας ἐγγὺς εἶναι πεποίηκεν, οὗτος ἀπηλλοτριωμένους ὄντας ᾠκείωσεν, οὗτος ξένους γεγονότας, οὐρανοῦ πολίτας κατεσκεύασεν, οὗτος ἡμῖν πολέμων ἀναίρεσις γέγονεν, οὗτος ἡμῖν εἰρήνης ἀσφάλεια κατέστη. 49.408 ∆ιὰ τοῦτον οὐκέτι φοβούμεθα τὰ πεπυρωμένα βέλη τοῦ διαβόλου· τὴν γὰρ πηγὴν τῆς ζωῆς εὕρομεν· διὰ τοῦτον οὐκ ἐσμὲν ἐν χηρείᾳ· τὸν γὰρ νυμφίον ἀπελάβομεν· διὰ τοῦτον οὐκέτι δεδοίκαμεν τὸν λύκον· τὸν γὰρ ποιμένα τὸν καλὸν ἐπέγνωμεν· Ἐγὼ γάρ εἰμι, φησὶν, ὁ ποιμὴν ὁ καλός. ∆ιὰ τοῦτον οὐκέτι φρίττομεν τὸν τύραννον· τῷ γὰρ βασιλεῖ προσεδράμομεν. Ὁρᾷς πόσων ἡμῖν ἀγαθῶν ὑπόθεσις ὁ σταυρός; Εἰκότως οὖν ἑορτὴν ἄγομεν. Οὕτω καὶ Παῦλος ἑορτάζειν παραινεῖ λέγων· Ὥστε ἑορτάζωμεν μὴ ἐν ζύμῃ παλαιᾷ, μηδὲ ἐν ζύμῃ κακίας καὶ πονηρίας, ἀλλ' ἐν ἀζύμοις εἰλικρινείας καὶ ἀληθείας. Καὶ τίνος ἕνεκεν ἑορτάζειν ἡμᾶς κελεύεις, ὦ μακάριε Παῦλε; Εἰπὲ τὴν αἰτίαν, Ὅτι τὸ Πάσχα ἡμῶν ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν, φησὶν, ἐτύθη Χριστὸς ὁ Θεός. Ὁρᾷς πῶς ἑορτὴ ὁ σταυρός; Ἔμαθες ὅτι διὰ τὸν σταυρὸν κελεύει ἑορτάζειν; Ἐν γὰρ τῷ σταυρῷ ἐτύθη· ὅπου δὲ θυσία, ἐκεῖ