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Peccata fratrum non evulganda

CONCERNING NOT MAKING PUBLIC the sins of the brothers, nor cursing enemies.

51.353

1. I account you blessed for your zeal, beloved, with which you run together to the ancestral house. For from this zeal I can also be confident about our health in respect to the soul; for indeed the school of the Church is a wonderful infirmary; an infirmary, not of 51.354 bodies, but of souls. For it is spiritual, and it corrects not wounds of the flesh, but sins of the mind; and the medicine for these sins and wounds is the Word. This medicine is composed not from herbs upon the earth, but from the 51.355 words from heaven; the hands of physicians did not prepare this, but the tongues of prophets. Because of this it is long-lasting, and is neither dimmed by the passage of time, nor overcome by the power of sicknesses. For the medicines of physicians have both of these defects; for while they are new they demonstrate their own strength, but when much time passes, just as aging bodies, they become weaker; and often the difficulty of illnesses has refuted them; for they are human. But the divine medicine is not of such a kind, but after much time has passed, it has all its own strength. At any rate, since Moses existed (for from him is the beginning of the Scriptures), it has healed so many people, and has not lost its own power; nor has a sickness ever overcome it. This medicine is not to be received by paying money, but the one who has shown genuine purpose and disposition has departed having it all. For this reason both the rich and the poor enjoy this healing equally. For where it is necessary to put down money, the wealthy person partakes of the benefit; but the poor person often departs deprived of the gain, his income not being sufficient for the preparation of the medicine. But here, since there is no money to pay, but one must show faith and purpose, he who pays these things with eagerness, this one reaps the benefit most of all; since these things are also the payment for the healing. And the rich and the poor share in the benefit equally; or rather, they do not share in the benefit equally, but often the poor man departs having enjoyed more. Why is that? Because the rich man, being preoccupied with many cares, having the arrogance and the pride of wealth, living with carelessness and indolence, does not receive the medicine of the hearing of the Scriptures with much exactness, nor with much zeal; but the poor man, being free from luxury and gluttony and indolence, spending all his time in the work of his hands and in just labors, and from this gathering much philosophy for his soul, becomes more attentive and more vigorous, and has paid attention to the things being said with greater exactness; wherefore, having paid a greater fee, he departs having reaped a greater benefit.

2. I did not say these things simply to accuse the rich, nor simply to praise the poor; for neither is wealth an evil, but to use wealth badly; nor is poverty a good, but to use poverty well. That rich man in the story of Lazarus was punished, not because he was rich, but because he was cruel and inhuman. That poor man in the bosom of Abraham was praised, not because he was poor, but because he bore his poverty with thanksgiving. For of things (and pay attention with exactness to this argument; for it is able to instill in you sufficient philosophy

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Peccata fratrum non evulganda

ΠΕΡΙ ΤΟΥ ΜΗ ∆ΗΜΟΣΙΕΥΕΙΝ τὰ ἁμαρτήματα τῶν ἀδελφῶν, μηδὲ κατεύχεσθαι τῶν ἐχθρῶν.

51.353

αʹ. Μακαρίζω τῆς σπουδῆς ὑμᾶς, ἀγαπητοὶ, μεθ' ἧς εἰς τὸν πατρῷον οἶκον συντρέχετε. Ἀπὸ γὰρ τῆς σπουδῆς ταύτης καὶ περὶ τῆς ὑγιείας ἡμῶν τῆς κατὰ ψυχὴν ἔχω θαῤῥεῖν· καὶ γὰρ ἰατρεῖον θαυμαστὸν τῆς Ἐκκλησίας τὸ διδασκαλεῖόν ἐστιν· ἰατρεῖον, οὐχὶ 51.354 σωμάτων, ἀλλὰ ψυχῶν. Πνευματικὸν γάρ ἐστι, καὶ οὐχὶ τραύματα σαρκὸς, ἀλλ' ἁμαρτήματα διανοίας διορθοῦται· τῶν δὲ ἁμαρτημάτων τούτων καὶ τῶν τραυμάτων τὸ φάρμακον ὁ λόγος ἐστί. Τοῦτο τὸ φάρμακον οὐκ ἐκ βοτανῶν τῶν ἐπὶ γῆς, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ τῶν 51.355 ῥημάτων τῶν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ σύγκειται· τοῦτο οὐκ ἰατρῶν χεῖρες, ἀλλὰ προφητῶν κατεσκεύασαν γλῶτται. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο διαρκές ἐστι, καὶ οὔτε πλήθει χρόνων ἀμαυροῦται, οὔτε δυνάμει νοσημάτων ἐλέγχεται. Τὰ μὲν γὰρ τῶν ἰατρῶν φάρμακα ἀμφότερα ταῦτα ἔχει τὰ ἐλαττώματα· νεαρὰ μὲν γὰρ ὄντα τὴν ἰσχὺν ἐπιδείκνυται τὴν ἑαυτῶν ὅταν δὲ χρόνος παρέλθῃ πολὺς, καθάπερ τὰ γεγηρακότα τῶν σωμάτων, ἀσθενέστερα γίνεται· πολλάκις δὲ αὐτὰ καὶ δυσκολία ἀῤῥωστημάτων διήλεγξεν· ἀνθρώπινα γάρ ἐστι· τὸ δὲ θεῖον φάρμακον οὐ τοιοῦτον, ἀλλὰ χρόνου διαγενομένου πολλοῦ, τὴν οἰκείαν ἰσχὺν ἔχει πᾶσαν. Ἐξ ὅτου γοῦν ἐγένετο Μωϋσῆς (ἐξ ἐκείνου γὰρ ἡ ἀρχὴ τῶν Γραφῶν), τοσούτους ἐθεράπευσεν ἀνθρώπους, καὶ τὴν οἰκείαν δύναμιν οὐκ ἀπέβαλεν· ἀλλ' οὐδὲ νόσημα αὐτοῦ περιεγένετο πώποτε. Τοῦτο τὸ φάρμακον οὐκ ἔστιν ἀργύριον καταβαλόντα λαβεῖν, ἀλλ' ὁ προαίρεσιν καὶ διάθεσιν γνησίαν ἐπιδειξάμενος, ἅπαν ἔχων ἀπῆλθε. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ πλούσιοι καὶ πένητες ὁμοίως τῆς ἰατρείας ἀπολαύουσι ταύτης. Ἔνθα μὲν γὰρ ἀνάγκη καταθεῖναι χρήματα, ὁ μὲν εὔπορος μετέχει τῆς ὠφελείας· ὁ δὲ πένης πολλάκις ἀπεστερημένος τοῦ κέρδους ἀπέρχεται, οὐκ ἀρκούσης αὐτῷ τῆς προσόδου πρὸς τὴν τοῦ φαρμάκου κατασκευήν. Ἐνταῦθα δὲ, ἐπειδὴ ἀργύριον οὐκ ἔστι καταβαλεῖν, ἀλλὰ πίστιν ἐπιδείξασθαι δεῖ καὶ προαίρεσιν, ὁ ταῦτα καταβαλὼν μετὰ προθυμίας, οὗτος καρποῦται μάλιστα τὴν ὠφέλειαν· ἐπειδὴ καὶ ταῦτα τῆς ἰατρείας ἐστὶν ὁ μισθός. Καὶ ὁ πλούσιος καὶ ὁ πένης τῆς ὠφελείας κοινωνοῦσιν ὁμοίως· μᾶλλον δὲ οὐχ ὁμοίως κοινωνοῦσι τῆς ὠφελείας, ἀλλὰ πολλάκις πλείονος ἀπολαύσας ὁ πένης ἀπέρχεται. Τί δήποτε; Ὅτι ὁ μὲν πλούσιος πολλαῖς προκατειλημμένος φροντίσιν, ἔχων τὴν ἀπόνοιαν καὶ τὸ φύσημα τὸ τῆς εὐπορίας, ὀλιγωρίᾳ συζῶν καὶ ῥᾳθυμίᾳ, οὐ μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς ἀκριβείας, οὐδὲ μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς σπουδῆς τὸ φάρμακον τῆς ἀκροάσεως τῶν Γραφῶν δέχεται· ὁ δὲ πένης τρυφῆς καὶ ἀδηφαγίας καὶ ῥᾳθυμίας ἀπηλλαγμένος, ἅπαντα τὸν χρόνον ἐν τῇ τῶν χειρῶν ἐργασίᾳ καὶ τοῖς δικαίοις ἀναλίσκων πόνοις, καὶ πολλὴν ἐντεῦθεν ψυχῇ συλλέγων φιλοσοφίαν, προσεκτικώτερός τε καὶ εὐτονώτερος γίνεται, καὶ μετὰ πλείονος προσέσχε ἀκριβείας τοῖς λεγομένοις· ὅθεν καὶ πλείονα καταβαλὼν τὸν μισθὸν, πλείονα τὴν ὠφέλειαν καρπωσάμενος ἄπεισιν.

βʹ. Οὐ τῶν πλουτούντων ἁπλῶς κατηγορῶν ταῦτα εἶπον, οὐδὲ τοὺς πένητας ἁπλῶς ἐπαινῶν· οὔτε γὰρ ὁ πλοῦτος κακὸν, ἀλλὰ τὸ κακῶς κεχρῆσθαι τῷ πλούτῳ· οὔτε ἡ πενία καλὸν, ἀλλὰ τὸ καλῶς κεχρῆσθαι τῇ πενίᾳ. Ἐκολάζετο ὁ πλούσιος ἐκεῖνος ὁ ἐπὶ τοῦ Λαζάρου, οὐκ ἐπειδὴ πλούσιος ἦν, ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ ὠμὸς ἦν καὶ ἀπάνθρωπος. Ἐπῃνεῖτο ὁ πένης ἐκεῖνος ὁ ἐν τοῖς κόλποις τοῦ Ἀβραὰμ, οὐκ ἐπειδὴ πένης ἦν, ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ μετ' εὐχαριστίας τὴν πενίαν ἤνεγκε. Τῶν γὰρ πραγμάτων (προσέχετε δὲ μετὰ ἀκριβείας τούτῳ τῷ λόγῳ· ἱκανὴν γὰρ ὑμῖν ἐνθεῖναι φιλοσοφίαν