Homily I.

 1. It is right that any one beginning to narrate the formation of the world should begin with the good order which reigns in visible things. I am abou

 2. “In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.” I stop struck with admiration at this thought. What shall I first say? Where shall I begin

 3. Do not then imagine, O man! that the visible world is without a beginning and because the celestial bodies move in a circular course, and it is di

 4. One day, doubtless, their terrible condemnation will be the greater for all this worldly wisdom, since, seeing so clearly into vain sciences, they

 5. It appears, indeed, that even before this world an order of things existed of which our mind can form an idea, but of which we can say nothing, bec

 6. Such being the different senses of the word beginning, see if we have not all the meanings here. You may know the epoch when the formation of this

 7. Among arts, some have in view production, some practice, others theory. The object of the last is the exercise of thought, that of the second, the

 8. “In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.” If we were to wish to discover the essence of each of the beings which are offered for our

 9. Do you suppose that a heavier body prevents the earth from falling into the abyss? Then you must consider that this support needs itself a support

 10. There are inquirers into nature who with a great display of words give reasons for the immobility of the earth. Placed, they say, in the middle of

 11. We might say the same thing of the heavens. With what a noise of words the sages of this world have discussed their nature! Some have said that he

 Homily II.

 1. In the few words which have occupied us this morning we have found such a depth of thought that we despair of penetrating further. If such is the f

 2. But the corrupters of the truth, who, incapable of submitting their reason to Holy Scripture, distort at will the meaning of the Holy Scriptures, p

 3. God created the heavens and the earth, but not only half —He created all the heavens and all the earth, creating the essence with the form. For He

 4. “Darkness was upon the face of the deep.” A new source for fables and most impious imaginations if one distorts the sense of these words at the wil

 5. Do not then go beyond yourself to seek for evil, and imagine that there is an original nature of wickedness. Each of us, let us acknowledge it, is

 6.  And the Spirit of God was borne upon the face of the waters  .

 7.  And God said, Let there be light  .

 8. “  And God called the light Day and the darkness he called Night  .”

 Homily III.

 1. We have now recounted the works of the first day, or rather of one day. Far be it from me indeed, to take from it the privilege it enjoys of having

 2. And God said “Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters.” Yesterday we heard God’s decree,

 3. In the second place, does the firmament that is called heaven differ from the firmament that God made in the beginning? Are there two heavens? The

 4. “  And God said, let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters. And God made the firmament, and

 5. But let us continue our explanation: “  Let it divide the waters from the waters  .”

 6. Survey creation you will see the power of heat reigning over all that is born and perishes. On account of it comes all the water spread over the e

 7. Therefore we read: “  Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters  .” I have said what the wo

 8. “  And God called the firmament heaven  .”

 9. But as far as concerns the separation of the waters I am obliged to contest the opinion of certain writers in the Church who, under the shadow of h

 10. “  And God saw that it was good  .” God does not judge of the beauty of His work by the charm of the eyes, and He does not form the same idea of b

 Homily IV.

 1. There are towns where the inhabitants, from dawn to eve, feast their eyes on the tricks of innumerable conjurors. They are never tired of hearing d

 2. “  And God said, Let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place, and let the dry land appear, and it was so  .” And the water

 3. “Let the waters be gathered together.” It was ordered that it should be the natural property of water to flow, and in obedience to this order, the

 4. To say that the waters were gathered in one place indicates that previously they were scattered in many places. The mountains, intersected by deep

 5. And God said: “  Let the waters be gathered together unto one place and let the dry land appear  .” He did not say let the earth appear, so as not

 6. “  And God saw that it was good  .”

 7. Thus, in the eyes of God, the sea is good, because it makes the under current of moisture in the depths of the earth. It is good again, because fro

 Homily V.

 1. “  And God said Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself 

 2. “  Let the earth bring forth grass yielding seed after his kind  .” So that although some kind of grass is of service to animals, even their gain i

 3. Up to this point, the order in which plants shoot bears witness to their first arrangement. Every herb, every plant proceeds from a germ. If, like

 4. What shall I say? What shall I leave unsaid? In the rich treasures of creation it is difficult to select what is most precious the loss of what is

 5. “  Let the earth bring forth grass  .” What spontaneous provision is included in these words,—that which is present in the root, in the plant itsel

 6. “  Let the earth  ,” the Creator adds, “  bring forth the fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself 

 7. But let us return to the examination of the ingenious contrivances of creation. How many trees then arose, some to give us their fruits, others to

 8. Plants reproduce themselves in so many different ways, that we can only touch upon the chief among them. As to fruits themselves, who could review

 9. But what need is there to continue, when in the same fig tree we have the most opposite flavours, as bitter in the sap as it is sweet in the fruit?

 10. “  Let the earth bring forth  .” This short command was in a moment a vast nature, an elaborate system. Swifter than thought it produced the count

 Homily VI.

 1. At the shows in the circus the spectator must join in the efforts of the athletes. This the laws of the show indicate, for they prescribe that all

 2. “  And God said, Let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth, and to divide the day from the night  .”

 3. And let no one suppose it to be a thing incredible that the brightness of the light is one thing, and the body which is its material vehicle is ano

 4. “  And let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days and years  .”

 5. But those who overstep the borders, making the words of Scripture their apology for the art of casting nativities, pretend that our lives depend up

 6. But what effects are produced? Such an one will have curly hair and bright eyes, because he is born under the Ram such is the appearance of a ram.

 7. They do not, however, stop here even our acts, where each one feels his will ruling, I mean, the practice of virtue or of vice, depend, according

 8. Let us return to the words which follow. “Let them be for signs and for seasons and for days and years.” We have spoken about signs. By times, we u

 9. “  And God made two great lights  .”

 10. See again another evident proof of its greatness. Although the heaven may be full of stars without number, the light contributed by them all could

 11. On its variations depends also the condition of the air, as is proved by sudden disturbances which often come after the new moon, in the midst of

 Homily VII.

 1. “  And God said, Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving creature that hath life  ” after their kind, “  and fowl that may fly above the e

 2. “Let the waters bring forth moving creatures after their kind.” God caused to be born the firstlings of each species to serve as seeds for nature.

 3. The food of fish differs according to their species. Some feed on mud others eat sea weed others content themselves with the herbs that grow in w

 4. It is not thus with us. Why? Because we incessantly move the ancient landmarks which our fathers have set. We encroach, we add house to house, fiel

 5. I myself have seen these marvels, and I have admired the wisdom of God in all things. If beings deprived of reason are capable of thinking and of p

 6. Let husbands listen as well: here is a lesson for them. The viper vomits forth its venom in respect for marriage and you, will you not put aside t

 Homily VIII.

 1. And God said “  Let the earth bring forth the living creature after his kind, cattle and creeping things, and beast of the earth after his kind an

 2. “  Let the earth bring forth a living soul  .” Why did the earth produce a living soul? so that you may make a difference between the soul of cattl

 3. There are also innumerable kinds of birds. If we review them all, as we have partly done the fish, we shall find that under one name, the creatures

 4. What a variety, I have said, in the actions and lives of flying creatures. Some of these unreasoning creatures even have a government, if the featu

 5. How shall we make an exact review of all the peculiarities of the life of birds? During the night cranes keep watch in turn some sleep, others mak

 6. It is said that the turtle-dove, once separated from her mate, does not contract a new union, but remains in widowhood, in remembrance of her first

 7. “  Let the waters bring forth the moving creatures that have life, and fowl that may fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven  .” They r

 8. If we simply read the words of Scripture we find only a few short syllables. “Let the waters bring forth fowl that may fly above the earth in the o

 Homily IX.

 1. How did you like the fare of my morning’s discourse? It seemed to me that I had the good intentions of a poor giver of a feast, who, ambitious of h

 2. “  Let the earth bring forth the living creature  .”

 3. “  Let the earth bring forth the living creature  .” Thus when the soul of brutes appeared it was not concealed in the earth, but it was born by th

 4. Virtues exist in us also by nature, and the soul has affinity with them not by education, but by nature herself. We do not need lessons to hate ill

 5. But let us return to the spectacle of creation. The easiest animals to catch are the most productive. It is on account of this that hares and wild

 6. Beasts bear witness to the faith. Hast thou confidence in the Lord? “Thou shalt walk upon the asp and the basilisk and thou shalt trample under fee

1. At the shows in the circus the spectator must join in the efforts of the athletes. This the laws of the show indicate, for they prescribe that all should have the head uncovered when present at the stadium. The object of this, in my opinion, is that each one there should not only be a spectator of the athletes, but be, in a certain measure, a true athlete himself.  1  In the Theatrum spectators might be covered. cf. Mart. xiv. 29: “In Pompeiano tectus spectabo theatro; Nam ventus populo vela negare solet.” cf. Dion Cassius lix. 7. These passages may, however, indicate exceptional cases. Thus, to investigate the great and prodigious show of creation, to understand supreme and ineffable wisdom, you must bring personal light for the contemplation of the wonders which I spread before your eyes, and help me, according to your power, in this struggle, where you are not so much judges as fellow combatants,  2  cf. Greg., In Ez.: Propter bonos auditores malis doctoribus sermo datur: et propter malos auditores bonis doctoribus sermo subtrahitur. for fear lest the truth might escape you, and lest my error might turn to your common prejudice. Why these words? It is because we propose to study the world as a whole, and to consider the universe, not by the light of worldly wisdom, but by that with which God wills to enlighten His servant, when He speaks to him in person and without enigmas. It is because it is absolutely necessary that all lovers of great and grand shows should bring a mind well prepared to study them. If sometimes, on a bright night,  3  “By night an atheist half believes in God.” Young, N.T. v. 177. cf. also Cic., De nat. Deor. ii. 38: Quis enim hunc hominem dixerit, qui tam certos cœli motus, tam ratos astrorum ordines, tamque omnia ister se connexa et apta viderit, neget in his ullam inesse rationem, eaque casu fieri dicat, quæ quanto consilio gerantur, nullo consilio assequi possumus. whilst gazing with watchful eyes on the inexpressible beauty of the stars, you have thought of the Creator of all things; if you have asked yourself who it is that has dotted heaven with such flowers, and why visible things are even more useful than beautiful; if sometimes, in the day, you have studied the marvels of light, if you have raised yourself by visible things to the invisible Being, then you are a well prepared auditor, and you can take your place in this august and blessed amphitheatre. Come in the same way that any one not knowing a town is taken by the hand and led through it; thus I am going to lead you, like strangers, through the mysterious marvels of this great city of the universe.  4  cf. Cic., De Nat. Deor. ii. 62. Est enim mundus quasi communis deorum atque hominum domus, aut urbs utrorumque. Soli etiam ratione utentes, jure ac lege vivunt. Bp. Lightfoot quotes in illustration of Phil. iii. 20, Philo, De Conf. i. 416, M. πατρίδα μὲν τὸν οὐράνιον χῶρον ἐν ᾧ πολιτεύονται ξένον δὲ τὸν περίγειον ἐν ᾧ παρῴκησαν νομίζουσαι. So Clem. Alex., Strom. iv. 26, λέγουσι γὰρ οἱ Στωϊκοὶ τὸν μὲν οὐρανὸν κυρίως πόλιν τὰ δὲ ἐπὶ γῆς ἐνταῦθα οὐκ ἔτι πόλεις, λέγεσθαι γὰρ, οὐκ εἶναι δέ, and Plato, Rep. ix. 592, B. ἐν οὐρανῷ ἴσως παράδειγμα (τῆς πόλεως) ἀνάκειται τῷ βουλομένῳ ὁρᾷν καὶ ὁρῶντι ἑαυτὸν κατοικίζειν. Our first country was in this great city, whence the murderous dæmon whose enticements seduced man to slavery expelled us. There you will see man’s first origin and his immediate seizure by death, brought forth by sin, the first born of the evil spirit. You will know that you are formed of earth, but the work of God’s hands; much weaker than the brute, but ordained to command beings without reason and soul; inferior as regards natural advantages, but, thanks to the privilege of reason, capable of raising yourself to heaven. If we are penetrated by these truths, we shall know ourselves, we shall know God, we shall adore our Creator, we shall serve our Master, we shall glorify our Father, we shall love our Sustainer, we shall bless our Benefactor, we shall not cease to honour the Prince  5  cf. Acts iii. 15. of present and future life, Who, by the riches that He showers upon us in this world, makes us believe in His promises and uses present good things to strengthen our expectation of the future. Truly, if such are the good things of time, what will be those of eternity? If such is the beauty of visible things, what shall we think of invisible things? If the grandeur of heaven exceeds the measure of human intelligence, what mind shall be able to trace the nature of the everlasting? If the sun, subject to corruption, is so beautiful, so grand, so rapid in its movement, so invariable in its course; if its grandeur is in such perfect harmony with and due proportion to the universe: if, by the beauty of its nature, it shines like a brilliant eye in the middle of creation; if finally, one cannot tire of contemplating it, what will be the beauty of the Sun of Righteousness?  6  cf. Mal. iv. 2. If the blind man suffers from not seeing the material sun, what a deprivation is it for the sinner not to enjoy the true light!

1 In the Theatrum spectators might be covered. cf. Mart. xiv. 29: “In Pompeiano tectus spectabo theatro; Nam ventus populo vela negare solet.” cf. Dion Cassius lix. 7. These passages may, however, indicate exceptional cases.
2 cf. Greg., In Ez.: Propter bonos auditores malis doctoribus sermo datur: et propter malos auditores bonis doctoribus sermo subtrahitur.
3 “By night an atheist half believes in God.” Young, N.T. v. 177. cf. also Cic., De nat. Deor. ii. 38: Quis enim hunc hominem dixerit, qui tam certos cœli motus, tam ratos astrorum ordines, tamque omnia ister se connexa et apta viderit, neget in his ullam inesse rationem, eaque casu fieri dicat, quæ quanto consilio gerantur, nullo consilio assequi possumus.
4 cf. Cic., De Nat. Deor. ii. 62. Est enim mundus quasi communis deorum atque hominum domus, aut urbs utrorumque. Soli etiam ratione utentes, jure ac lege vivunt. Bp. Lightfoot quotes in illustration of Phil. iii. 20, Philo, De Conf. i. 416, M. πατρίδα μὲν τὸν οὐράνιον χῶρον ἐν ᾧ πολιτεύονται ξένον δὲ τὸν περίγειον ἐν ᾧ παρῴκησαν νομίζουσαι. So Clem. Alex., Strom. iv. 26, λέγουσι γὰρ οἱ Στωϊκοὶ τὸν μὲν οὐρανὸν κυρίως πόλιν τὰ δὲ ἐπὶ γῆς ἐνταῦθα οὐκ ἔτι πόλεις, λέγεσθαι γὰρ, οὐκ εἶναι δέ, and Plato, Rep. ix. 592, B. ἐν οὐρανῷ ἴσως παράδειγμα (τῆς πόλεως) ἀνάκειται τῷ βουλομένῳ ὁρᾷν καὶ ὁρῶντι ἑαυτὸν κατοικίζειν.
5 cf. Acts iii. 15.
6 cf. Mal. iv. 2.

Τὸν ἀθλητῶν θεατὴν μετέχειν τινὸς προσῆκε καὶ αὐτὸν εὐτονίας. Καὶ τοῦτο ἐκ τῶν πανηγυρικῶν θεσμῶν ἄν τις κατίδοι, οἳ τοὺς συγκαθεζομένους εἰς τὸ στάδιον γυμνῇ καθῆσθαι τῇ κεφαλῇ διαγορεύουσιν: ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν, ἵνα μὴ θεατὴς μόνον ἀγωνιστῶν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀγωνιστὴς ἕκαστος αὐτὸς ἐν τῷ μέρει τυγχάνῃ. Οὕτω τοίνυν καὶ τὸν τῶν μεγάλων καὶ ὑπερφυῶν θεαμάτων ἐξεταστὴν, καὶ τὸν τῆς ἄκρας ὄντως καὶ ἀπορρήτου σοφίας ἀκροατὴν προσῆκεν οἴκοθεν ἔχειν ἥκοντά τινας ἀφορμὰς πρὸς τὴν θεωρίαν τῶν προκειμένων, καὶ κοινωνεῖν ἐμοὶ τῆς ἀγωνίας εἰς δύναμιν, οὐχὶ κριτὴν μᾶλλον ἢ συναγωνιστὴν παρεστῶτα: μήποτε ἄρα διαλάθῃ ἡμᾶς τῆς ἀληθείας ἡ εὕρεσις, καὶ τὸ ἐμὸν σφάλμα κοινὴ ζημία τῶν ἀκουόντων γένηται. Πρὸς οὖν τί ταῦτα λέγω; Ὅτι ἐπειδὴ πρόκειται ἡμῖν εἰς τὴν τοῦ κόσμου σύστασιν ἐξέτασις καὶ θεωρία τοῦ παντὸς, οὐκ ἐκ τῆς τοῦ κόσμου σοφίας τὰς ἀρχὰς ἔχουσα, ἀλλ' ἐξ ὧν τὸν ἑαυτοῦ θεράποντα ὁ Θεὸς ἐξεπαίδευσεν, ἐν εἴδει λαλήσας πρὸς αὐτὸν, καὶ οὐ δι' αἰνιγμάτων, ἀνάγκη που πάντως, τοὺς τῶν μεγάλων φιλοθεάμονας μὴ ἀγύμναστον ἔχειν τὸν νοῦν πρὸς τὴν τῶν προκειμένων ἡμῖν κατανόησιν. Εἴ ποτε οὖν ἐν αἰθρίᾳ νυκτερινῇ πρὸς τὰ ἄρρητα κάλλη τῶν ἄστρων ἐνατενίσας, ἔννοιαν ἔλαβες τοῦ τεχνίτου τῶν ὅλων, τίς ὁ τοῖς ἄνθεσι τούτοις διαποικίλας τὸν οὐρανὸν, καὶ ὅπως ἐν τοῖς ὁρωμένοις πλέον τοῦ τερπνοῦ τὸ ἀναγκαῖόν ἐστι: πάλιν ἐν ἡμέρᾳ εἰ νήφοντι τῷ λογισμῷ κατέμαθες τὰ τῆς ἡμέρας θαύματα, καὶ διὰ τῶν ὁρωμένων ἀνελογίσω τὸν οὐχ ὁρώμενον, ἐμπαράσκευος ἥκεις ἀκροατὴς καὶ πρέπων τῷ πληρώματι τοῦ σεμνοῦ τούτου καὶ μακαρίου θεάτρου. Δεῦρο δὴ οὖν, ὥσπερ οἱ τοὺς ἀήθεις τῶν πόλεων τῆς χειρὸς λαβόμενοι περιηγοῦνται, οὕτω δὴ καὶ αὐτὸς ἐπὶ τὰ κεκρυμμένα θαύματα ὑμᾶς τῆς μεγάλης ταύτης πόλεως ξεναγήσω. Ἐν τῇ πόλει ταύτῃ, ἐν ᾗ ἡ ἀρχαία πατρὶς ἡμῶν, ἧς μετανέστησεν ἡμᾶς ὁ ἀνθρωποκτόνος δαίμων, τοῖς ἑαυτοῦ δελεάσμασιν ἀνδραποδίσας τὸν ἄνθρωπον: ἐνταῦθα κατόψει τὴν πρώτην τοῦ ἀνθρώπου γένεσιν, καὶ τὸν εὐθὺς ἡμᾶς ἐπικαταλαβόντα θάνατον: ὃν ἐγέννησεν ἡ ἁμαρτία, τὸ πρωτότοκον ἔκγονον τοῦ ἀρχεκάκου δαίμονος. Καὶ γνωρίσεις σαυτὸν, γήϊνον μὲν τῇ φύσει, ἔργον δὲ θείων χειρῶν: δυνάμει μὲν καὶ παραπολὺ τῶν ἀλόγων λειπόμενον, ἄρχοντα δὲ χειροτονητὸν τῶν ἀλόγων καὶ τῶν ἀψύχων. Ταῖς μὲν ἐκ τῆς φύσεως παρασκευαῖς ἐλαττούμενον, τῇ δὲ τοῦ λόγου περιουσίᾳ πρὸς οὐρανὸν αὐτὸν ὑπεραρθῆναι δυνάμενον. Ἐὰν ταῦτα μάθωμεν, ἑαυτοὺς ἐπιγνωσόμεθα, Θεὸν γνωρίσομεν, τὸν κτίσαντα προσκυνήσομεν, τῷ Δεσπότῃ δουλεύσομεν, τὸν Πατέρα δοξάσομεν, τὸν τροφέα ἡμῶν ἀγαπήσομεν, τὸν εὐεργέτην αἰδεσθησόμεθα, τὸν ἀρχηγὸν τῆς ζωῆς ἡμῶν τῆς παρούσης καὶ τῆς μελλούσης προσκυνοῦντες οὐκ ἀπολήξομεν, τὸν δι' οὗ παρέσχετο ἤδη πλούτου καὶ τὰ ἐν ἐπαγγελίαις πιστούμενον, καὶ τῇ πεῖρᾳ τῶν παρόντων βεβαιοῦντα ἡμῖν τὰ προσδοκώμενα. Εἰ γὰρ τὰ πρόσκαιρα τοιαῦτα, ποταπὰ τὰ αἰώνια; Καὶ εἰ τὰ ὁρώμενα οὕτω καλὰ, ποταπὰ τὰ ἀόρατα; Εἰ οὐρανοῦ μέγεθος μέτρον ἀνθρωπίνης διανοίας ἐκβαίνει, τῶν ἀϊδίων τὴν φύσιν τίς ἄρα νοῦς ἐξιχνιάσαι δυνήσεται; Εἰ ὁ τῇ φθορᾷ ὑποκείμενος ἥλιος οὕτω καλὸς, οὕτω μέγας, ὀξὺς μὲν κινηθῆναι, εὐτάκτους δὲ τὰς περιόδους ἀποδιδοὺς, σύμμετρον μὲν ἔχων τὸ μέγεθος τῷ παντὶ, ὥστε μὴ ἐκβαίνειν τὴν πρὸς τὸ ὅλον ἀναλογίαν: τῷ δὲ κάλλει τῆς φύσεως οἷόν τις ὀφθαλμὸς διαυγὴς ἐμπρέπων τῇ κτίσει: εἰ ἀκόρεστος τούτου ἡ θέα, ποταπὸς τῷ κάλλει ὁ τῆς δικαιοσύνης ἥλιος; Εἰ τυφλῷ ζημία τοῦτον μὴ βλέπειν, ποταπὴ ζημία τῷ ἁμαρτωλῷ τοῦ ἀληθινοῦ φωτὸς στερηθῆναι;