Oration XLV. The Second Oration on Easter.

 I.  I will stand upon my watch, saith the venerable Habakkuk and I will take my post beside him today on the authority and observation which was give

 II.  The Lord’s Passover, the Passover, and again I say the Passover to the honour of the Trinity.  This is to us a Feast of feasts and a Solemnity of

 III.  God always was and always is, and always will be or rather, God always Is.

 IV.  And when Infinity is considered from two points of view, beginning and end (for that which is beyond these and not limited by them is Infinity),

 V.  But since this movement of Self-contemplation alone could not satisfy Goodness, but Good must be poured out and go forth beyond Itself, to multipl

 VI.  Thus then and for these reasons, He gave being to the world of thought, as far as I can reason on these matters, and estimate great things in my

 VII.  Mind then and sense, thus distinguished from each other, had remained within their own boundaries, and bore in themselves the magnificence of th

 VIII.  This being He placed in paradise—whatever that paradise may have been (having honoured him with the gift of free will, in order that good might

 IX.  And having first been chastened by many means because his sins were many, whose root of evil sprang up through divers causes and sundry times, by

 X.  But perhaps some one of those who are too impetuous and festive may say, “What has all this to do with us?  Spur on your horse to the goal talk t

 XI.  But before our time the Holy Apostle declared that the Law was but a shadow of things to come, which are conceived by thought.  And God too, who

 XII.  But we, standing midway between those whose minds are utterly dense on the one side, and on the other those who are very contemplative and exalt

 XIII.  Thus then and for this cause the written Law came in, gathering us into Christ and this is the account of the Sacrifices as I account for them

 XIV.  What more?  The First Month is introduced, or rather the beginning of months, whether it was so among the Hebrews from the beginning, or was mad

 XV.  Then comes the Sacred Night, the Anniversary of the confused darkness of the present life, into which the primæval darkness is dissolved, and all

 XVI.  Well, let them lament we will feed on the Lamb toward evening—for Christ’s Passion was in the completion of the ages because too He communicat

 XVII.  Nor would it be right for us to pass over the manner of this eating either, for the Law does not do so, but carries its mystical labour even to

 XVIII.  And let the loins of the unreasoning animals be unbound and loose, for they have not the gift of reason which can overcome pleasure (it is not

 XIX.  And as to shoes , let him who is about to touch the Holy Land which the feet of God have trodden, put them off, as Moses did upon the Mount, the

 XX.  What sayest thou?  Thus it hath pleased Him that thou shouldest come forth out of Egypt, the iron furnace that thou shouldest leave behind the i

 XXI.  If you are a Rachel or a Leah, a patriarchal and great soul, steal whatever idols of your father you can find not, however, that you may keep t

 XXII.   Now we are to examine another fact and dogma, neglected by most people, but in my judgment well worth enquiring into.  To Whom was that Blood

 XXIII.  Now we will partake of a Passover which is still typical though it is plainer than the old one.  For that is ever new which is now becoming k

 XXIV.  If you are a Simon of Cyrene, take up the Cross and follow.  If you are crucified with Him as a robber, penitent

 XXV.  And if He ascend up into Heaven, ascend with Him.  Be one of those angels who escort Him, or one of those who receive Him.  Bid the gates be lif

 XXVI.   To this what will those cavillers say, those bitter reasoners about Godhead, those detractors of all things that are praiseworthy, those darke

 XXVII.  He was sent, but sent according to His Manhood (for He was of two Natures), since He was hungry and thirsty and weary, and was distressed and

 XXVIII.  It is now needful for us to sum up our discourse as follows:  We were created that we might be made happy.  We were made happy when we were c

 XXIX.  Many indeed are the miracles of that time:  God crucified the sun darkened and again rekindled for it was fitting that the creatures should s

 XXX.  But, O Pascha, great and holy and purifier of all the world—for I will speak to thee as to a living person—O Word of God and Light and Life and

II.  The Lord’s Passover, the Passover, and again I say the Passover to the honour of the Trinity.  This is to us a Feast of feasts and a Solemnity of solemnities5    ἑορτὴ ἑορτῶν, καὶ πανήγυρις πανηγύριον.  ἑορτή says Nicetas, is one thing, πανήγυρις another.  ἑορτή is the Commemoration of a Saint; πανήγυρις is Easter, or Ascension, or some other mystical festival.  Thus Synesius calls the Paschal Letters of the Alexandrian Patriarch πανηγυρικὰ γράμματα. as far exalted above all others (not only those which are merely human and creep on the ground, but even those which are of Christ Himself, and are celebrated in His honour) as the Sun is above the stars.  Beautiful indeed yesterday was our splendid array, and our illumination, in which both in public and private we associated ourselves, every kind of men, and almost every rank, illuminating the night with our crowded fires, formed after the fashion of that great light, both that with which the heaven above us lights its beacon fires, and that which is above the heavens, amid the angels (the first luminous nature, next to the first nature of all, because springing directly from it), and that which is in the Trinity, from which all light derives its being, parted from the undivided light and honoured.  But today’s is more beautiful and more illustrious; inasmuch as yesterday’s light was a forerunner of the rising of the Great Light, and as it were a kind of rejoicing in preparation for the Festival; but today we are celebrating the Resurrection itself, no longer as an object of expectation, but as having already come to pass, and gathering the whole world unto itself.  Let then different persons bring forth different fruits and offer different offerings at this season, smaller or greater…such spiritual offerings as are dear to God…as each may have power.  For scarcely Angels themselves could offer gifts worthy of its rank, those first and intellectual and pure beings, who are also eye-witnesses of the Glory That is on high; if even these can attain the full strain of praise.  We will for our part offer a discourse, the best and most precious thing we have—especially as we are praising the Word for the blessing which He hath bestowed on the reasoning creation.  I will begin from this point.  For I cannot endure, when I am engaged in offering the sacrifice of the lips concerning the Great Sacrifice and the greatest of days, to fail to recur to God, and to take my beginning from Him.  Therefore I pray you, cleanse your mind and ears and thoughts, all you who delight in such subjects, since the discourse will be concerning God, and will be divine; that you may depart filled with delights of a sort that do not pass away into nothingness.  And it shall be at once very full and very concise, so as neither to distress you by its deficiencies, nor to displease you by satiety.

Βʹ. Πάσχα Κυρίου, Πάσχα, καὶ πάλιν ἐρῶ Πάσχα, τιμῇ τῆς Τριάδος. Αὕτη ἑορτῶν ἡμῖν ἑορτὴ, καὶ πανήγυρις πανηγύρεων, τοσοῦτον ὑπεραίρουσα πάσας, οὐ τὰς ἀνθρωπικὰς μόνον καὶ χαμαὶ ἐρχομένας, ἀλλ' ἤδη καὶ τὰς αὐτοῦ Χριστοῦ καὶ ἐπ' αὐτῷ τελουμένας, ὅσον ἀστέρας ἥλιος. Καλὴ μὲν καὶ ἡ χθὲς ἡμῖν λαμπροφορία καὶ φωταγωγία, ἣν ἰδίᾳ τε καὶ δημοσίᾳ συνεστησάμεθα, πᾶν γένος ἀνθρώπων μικροῦ καὶ ἀξία πᾶσα, δαψιλεῖ τῷ πυρὶ τὴν νύκτα καταφωτίζοντες, καὶ τοῦ μεγάλου φωτὸς ἀντίτυπος, ὅσον τε οὐρανὸς ἄνωθεν φρυκτωρεῖ, κόσμον ὅλον αὐγάζων τοῖς παρ' ἑαυτοῦ κάλλεσι, καὶ ὅσον ὑπερουράνιον, ἔν τε ἀγγέλοις τῇ πρώτῃ φωτεινῇ φύσει μετὰ τὴν πρώτην, τῷ ἐκεῖθεν πηγάζεσθαι, καὶ ὅσον ἐν τῇ Τριάδι, παρ' ἧς φῶς ἅπαν συνέστηκεν, ἐξ ἀμερίστου φωτὸς μεριζόμενον καὶ τιμώμενον. Καλλίων δὲ ἡ σήμερον, καὶ περιφανεστέρα. Ὅσῳ χθὲς μὲν πρόδρομον ἦν τοῦ μεγάλου φωτὸς ἀνισταμένου τὸ φῶς, καὶ οἷον εὐφροσύνη τις προεόρτιος. Σήμερον δὲ τὴν ἀνάστασιν αὐτὴν ἑορτάζομεν, οὐκ ἔτι ἐλπιζομένην, ἀλλ' ἤδη γεγενημένην, καὶ κόσμον ὅλον ἑαυτῇ συνάγουσαν. Ἄλλος μὲν οὖν ἄλλο τι τῷ καιρῷ καρποφορείτω, καὶ δωροφορείτω δῶρον ἑόρτιον, ἢ μικρὸν, ἢ μεῖζον, τῶν πνευματικῶν τε καὶ Θεῷ φίλων, ὅπως ἂν ἕκαστος ἔχῃ δυνάμεως. Τῆς γὰρ ἀξίας, μόλις ἂν καὶ ἄγγελοι τύχοιεν, οἱ πρῶτοι, καὶ νοεροὶ, καὶ καθαροὶ, καὶ τῆς ἄνω δόξης ἐπόπται καὶ μάρτυρες: εἴπερ καὶ τούτοις τὸ πᾶν ἐφικτὸν τῆς ὑμνήσεως. Ἡμεῖς δὲ λόγον εἰσοίσομεν, ὧν ἔχομεν τὸ κάλλιστόν τε καὶ τιμιώτατον, ἄλλως τε καὶ Λόγον ὑμνοῦντες, ἐπ' εὐεργεσίᾳ τῆς λογικῆς φύσεως. Ἄρξομαι δὲ ἐντεῦθεν. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἀνέχομαι, τοὺς περὶ τοῦ μεγάλου θύματος καὶ τῆς μεγίστης ἡμερῶν θύων λόγους, μὴ πρὸς Θεὸν ἀναδραμεῖν, κἀκεῖθεν ποιήσασθαι τὴν ἀρχήν. Καί μοι καθήρασθε καὶ νοῦν, καὶ ἀκοὴν, καὶ διάνοιαν, ὅσοι τρυφᾶτε τὰ τοιαῦτα (ἐπειδὴ περὶ Θεοῦ καὶ θεῖος ὁ λόγος), ἵν' ἀπέλθητε τρυφήσαντες ὄντως τὰ μὴ κενούμενα. Ἔσται δὲ ὁ αὐτὸς πληρέστατός τε ἅμα καὶ συντομώτατος, ὡς μήτε τῷ ἐνδεεῖ λυπεῖν, μήτε ἀηδὴς εἶναι διὰ τὸν κόρον.