On the Apparel of Women.

 Book I

 Chapter I.—Introduction.  Modesty in Apparel Becoming to Women, in Memory of the Introduction of Sin into the World Through a Woman.

 For they, withal, who instituted them are assigned, under condemnation, to the penalty of death,—those angels, to wit, who rushed from heaven on the d

 I am aware that the Scripture of Enoch, which has assigned this order (of action) to angels, is not received by some, because it is not admitted into

 Chapter IV.—Waiving the Question of the Authors, Tertullian Proposes to Consider the Things on Their Own Merits.

 Chapter V.—Gold and Silver Not Superior in Origin or in Utility to Other Metals.

 Chapter VI.—Of Precious Stones and Pearls.

 Chapter VII.—Rarity the Only Cause Which Makes Such Things Valuable.

 Chapter VIII.—The Same Rule Holds with Regard to Colours.  God’s Creatures Generally Not to Be Used, Except for the Purposes to Which He Has Appointed

 Chapter IX.—God’s Distribution Must Regulate Our Desires, Otherwise We Become the Prey of Ambition and Its Attendant Evils.

 Book II

 Chapter I.—Introduction.  Modesty to Be Observed Not Only in Its Essence, But in Its Accessories.

 Chapter II.—Perfect Modesty Will Abstain from Whatever Tends to Sin, as Well as from Sin Itself.  Difference Between Trust and Presumption.  If Secure

 Chapter III.—Grant that Beauty Be Not to Be Feared:  Still It is to Be Shunned as Unnecessary and Vainglorious.

 Chapter IV.—Concerning the Plea of “Pleasing the Husband.”

 Chapter V.—Some Refinements in Dress and Personal Appearance Lawful, Some Unlawful.  Pigments Come Under the Latter Head.

 Chapter VI.—Of Dyeing the Hair.

 Chapter VII.—Of Elaborate Dressing of the Hair in Other Ways, and Its Bearing Upon Salvation.

 Chapter VIII.—Men Not Excluded from These Remarks on Personal Adornment.

 Chapter IX.—Excess in Dress, as Well as in Personal Culture, to Be Shunned.  Arguments Drawn from I Cor. VII.

 It was God, no doubt, who showed the way to dye wools with the juices of herbs and the humours of conchs!  It had escaped Him, when He was bidding the

 Chapter XI.—Christian Women, Further, Have Not the Same Causes for Appearing in Public, and Hence for Dressing in Fine Array as Gentiles.  On the Cont

 Chapter XII.—Such Outward Adornments Meretricious, and Therefore Unsuitable to Modest Women.

 Chapter XIII.—It is Not Enough that God Know Us to Be Chaste:  We Must Seem So Before Men.  Especially in These Times of Persecution We Must Inure Our

Chapter IV.—Waiving the Question of the Authors, Tertullian Proposes to Consider the Things on Their Own Merits.

Grant now that no mark of pre-condemnation has been branded on womanly pomp by the (fact of the) fate33    Exitu.    Urgent.  Comp. de Pæn., c. xi. of its authors; let nothing be imputed to those angels besides their repudiation of heaven and (their) carnal marriage:34    Matrimonium carnis.    “Fuligine,” lit. “soot.”  Comp. b. i. c. ii.  let us examine the qualities of the things themselves, in order that we may detect the purposes also for which they are eagerly desired.

Female habit carries with it a twofold idea—dress and ornament.  By “dress” we mean what they call “womanly gracing;”35    Mundum muliebrem.  Comp. Liv. xxxiv. 7.    See c. ii. ad fin. by “ornament,” what it is suitable should be called “womanly disgracing.”36    Immundum muliebrem.    Comp. b. i. c. viii.  The former is accounted (to consist) in gold, and silver, and gems, and garments; the latter in care of the hair, and of the skin, and of those parts of the body which attract the eye.  Against the one we lay the charge of ambition, against the other of prostitution; so that even from this early stage37    Jam hinc; comp. ad. Ux., i. 1 ad init. and ad fin., and 8 ad fin.    Infingitur. (of our discussion) you may look forward and see what, out of (all) these, is suitable, handmaid of God, to your discipline, inasmuch as you are assessed on different principles (from other women),—those, namely, of humility and chastity.

CAPUT IV.

Nulla nunc muliebri pompae nota inusta sit praedamnationis, de exitu auctorum. Nihil angelis illis imputetur, praeter repudium coeli, et matrimonium carnis. Rerum ipsarum qualitates examinemus, ut consilia quoque concupiscentiae earum deprehendamus. 1309A Habitus foeminae duplicem speciem circumfert, cultum, ornatum. Cultum dicimus, quem mundum muliebrem vocant; ornatum, quem immundum muliebrem convenit dici. Ille in auro, et argento, et gemmis, et vestibus deputatur: ista in cura capilli, et cutis, et earum partium corporis, quae oculos trahunt. Alteri ambitionis crimen intendimus, alteri prostitutionis: ut jam hinc prospicias, Dei ancilla, quid ex his disciplinae tuae conveniat, quae de diversis institutis censearis, scilicet humilitatis et castitatis.