John Chrysostom, On the Letter to the Romans

Since he had given them what commands were fitting, he again thrusts them on to the performance of good works, in consideration of what was pressing upon them. For the time of judgment, he means, is at the doors. So too he wrote to the Corinthians also, “The remaining time is short.393 1 Cor. vii. 29. The stopping only is altered, as in Hom. xix. on the Hebrews (Matthiæ) p. 225 ed. Field.” (1 Cor. vii. 29.) And to the Hebrews again, “For yet a little while, and He that shall come will come, and will not tarry.” (Heb. x. 37.) But in those cases it was to cheer those in trouble, and to solace the toils of their closely successive temptations, that he said those things: but in the passage before us he does it to rouse those that are asleep, this language being useful to us for both the purposes: and what is that which he says, “Now it is high time to awake out of sleep?” It is, that near is the Resurrection, near the awful Judgment, and the day that burneth as a furnace, near. Henceforward then we must be free from our listlessness; “for now is our salvation nearer than when we believed.”394 ῾Ημῶν is better taken with ἐγγύτερον: “For now is salvation nearer to us than when we believed.” (So R.V.) Both the position of the words and the requirements of emphasis favor this construction. Chrys. is essentially correct in referring ἡ σωτηρία here to the last things. The reference is to the Messianic salvation which is to be ushered in by the Parousia of the Lord from heaven. The period which shall intervene between the time of writing and the advent of Christ is designated as “night” (12), but the “day” which the Messianic σωτηρία shall usher in is near (ἤγγικεν).—G.B.S. You see how he puts the Resurrection now close by them. For as the time advances, he means, the season of our present life is wasting away, and that of the life to come waxes nearer. If then thou be prepared, and hast done all whatsoever He hath commanded, the day is salvation to thee (3 mss. and Cat. σωτηρία σοι); but if the contrary, not so. For the present however, it is not upon alarming grounds that he exhorts them, but upon kindly ones, thus also to untie them from their fellow-feeling for the things of this present world. Then since it was not unlikely, that in the beginning of their early endeavors they would be most earnest, in that their desire was then at its full vigor, but that as the time went on, the whole of their earnestness would wither down to nothing; he says that they ought however to be doing the reverse, not to get relaxed as time went on, but to be the more full of vigor. For the nearer the King may be at hand, the more ought they to get themselves in readiness; the nearer the prize is, the more wide awake ought they to be for the contest, since even the racers do this, when they are upon the end of the course, and towards the receiving of the prize, then they rouse themselves up the more. This is why he said, “Now is our salvation nearer than when we believed.”

Ver. 12. “The night is far spent, the day is at hand.”

If then this is upon ending, and the latter is drawing near, let us henceforth do what belongs to the latter, not to the former. For this is what is done in the things of this life. And when we see the night pressing on towards the morning, and hear the swallow twittering, we each of us awake our neighbor, although it be night still. But so soon as it is actually departing, we hasten one another, and say It is day now! and we all set about the works of the day, dressing, and leaving our dreams, and shaking our sleep thoroughly off, that the day may find us ready, and we may not have to begin getting up, and stretching ourselves, when the sunlight is up. What then we do in that case, that let us do here also. Let us put off imaginings, let us get clear of the dreams of this life present, let us lay aside its deep slumber, and be clad in virtue for garments. For it is to point out all this that he says,

“Let us therefore cast off the works of darkness, and let us put on the armor of light.”

Yes, for the day is calling us to battle-array, and to the fight. Yet fear not at hearing of array and arms. For in the case of the visible suit of armor, to put it on is a heavy and abhorred task. But here it is desirable, and worth being prayed for. For it is of Light the arms are! Hence they will set thee forth brighter than the sunbeam, and giving out a great glistening, and they place thee in security: for they are arms, and glittering do they make thee: for arms of light are they! What then, is there no necessity for thee to fight? yea, needful is it to fight, yet not to be distressed and toil. For it is not in fact war, but a solemn dance and feast-day, such is the nature of the arms, such the power of the Commander. And as the bridegroom goes forth with joyous looks from his chamber, so doth he too who is defended with these arms. For he is at once soldier and bridegroom. But when he says, “the day is at hand,” he does not even allow it to be but near, but puts it even now beside us. For he says,

“Let us walk becomingly,” (A.V. honestly, in this sense) “as in the day.” For day it already is. And what most people insist upon very much in their exhortations, that he also uses to draw them on, the sense of the becoming. For they had a great regard to the esteem of the multitude.395 St. Augustin de Civ. Dei, v. 13–15, discusses this motive, and the temporal good that comes of it, as to the Roman state; quoting Matt. vi. 2. And he does not say, walk ye, but let us walk, so making the exhortation free from anything grating, and the reproof gentle.

“Not in rioting and drunkenness.” Not that he would forbid drinking, but the doing it immoderately; not the enjoying of wine, but doing it to excess (μετά παροινίας). As also the next thing he states likewise with the same measure, in the words,

“Not in chambering and wantonness;” for here also he does not prohibit the intercourse of the sexes, but committing fornication. “Not in strife and envying.” It is the deadly kind of passions then that he is for extinguishing, lust, namely, and anger. Wherefore it is not themselves only, but even the sources of them that he removes. For there is nothing that so kindles lust, and inflames wrath, as drunkenness, and sitting long at the wine. Wherefore after first saying, “not in rioting and drunkenness,” then he proceeded with, “not in chambering and wantonness, not in strife and envying.” And even here he does not pause, but after stripping us of these evil garments, hear how he proceeds to ornament us, when he says,

Ver. 14. “But put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ.”

He no longer speaks of works, but he rouses them to greater things. For when he was speaking of vice, he mentioned the works of it: but when of virtue, he speaks not of works, but of arms, to show that virtue putteth him that is possessed of it into complete safety, and complete brightness. And even here he does not pause, but leading his discourse on to what was greater, a thing far more awestriking; he gives us the Lord Himself for a garment, the King Himself: for he that is clad with Him, hath absolutely all virtue.396 In one of the apostle’s favorite figures, that of putting off, or on, as clothing, he states again the essential qualities of the Christian life. The Christian is even now to belong to that sphere of light into whose full glory he shall shortly be raised. The culminating thought is: “put on Christ.” Chrys.’ application of the apostle’s exhortation is one of his most eloquent passages.—G.B.S. But in saying, “Put ye on,” he bids us be girt about with Him upon every side. As in another place he says, “But if Christ be in you.” (Rom. viii. 10.) And again, “That Christ may dwell in the inner man.” (Eph. iii. 16, 17, al. punct.) For He would have our soul to be a dwelling for Himself, and Himself to be laid round about us as a garment, that He may be unto us all things both from within and from without. For He is our fulness; for He is “the fulness of Him that filleth all in all” (ib. i. 23): and the Way, and the Husband, and the Bridegroom;—for “I have espoused you as a chaste virgin to one husband,” (2 Cor. xi. 2): and a root, and drink, and meat, and life;—for he says, “I live, yet not I, but Christ liveth in me;” (Gal. ii. 20) and Apostle, and High-Priest, and Teacher, and Father, and Brother, and Joint-heir, and sharer of the tomb and Cross;—for it says, “We were buried together with Him,” and “planted together in the likeness of His Death” (Rom. vi. 4, 5): and a Suppliant;—“For we are ambassadors in Christ’s stead” (2 Cor. v. 20): and an “Advocate to the Father;”—for “He also maketh,” it says, “intercession for us:” (Rom. viii. 34) and house and inhabitant;—for He says, “He that abideth in Me and I in Him” (John xv. 5): and a Friend; for, “Ye are My friends” (ib. 14): and a Foundation, and Corner-stone. And we are His members and His heritage, and building, and branches, and fellow-workers. For what is there that He is not minded to be to us, when He makes us cleave and fit on to Him in every way? And this is a sign of one loving exceedingly. Be persuaded then, and rousing thee from sleep, put Him on, and when thou hast done so, give thy flesh up to His bridle. For this is what he intimates in saying,

“And make not provision for the flesh, to fulfil the lusts thereof.” For as he does not forbid drinking, but drinking to excess, not marrying, but doing wantonness; so too he does not forbid making provision for the flesh either, but doing so with a view “to fulfil the lusts thereof,” as, for instance, by going beyond necessaries. For that he does bid make provision for it, hear from what he says to Timothy, “Use a little wine for thy stomach’s sake, and thine often infirmities.” (1 Tim. v. 23.) So here too he is for taking care of it, but for health, and not wantonness. For this would cease to be making provision for it, when you were lighting up the flame, when you were making the furnace powerful. But that you may form a clearer notion what “making provision” for it “to fulfil the lusts thereof” is, and may shun such a provision, just call to mind the drunken, the gluttonous, those that pride themselves in dress, those that are effeminate, them that live a soft and relaxed life, and you will see what is meant. For they do everything not that they may be healthy, but that they may be wanton and kindle desire. But do thou, who hast put on Christ, prune away all those things, and seek for one thing only, to have thy flesh in health. And to this degree do make provision for it, and not any further, but spend all thy industry on the care of spiritual things. For then you will be able to rouse yourself out of this sleep, without being weighed down with these manifold desires. For the present life is a sleep, and the things in it are no way different from dreams. And as they that are asleep often speak and see things other than healthful, so do we also, or rather we see much worse even. For he that doeth anything disgraceful or says the like in a dream,397 On this see St. Augustin, Conf. x. 30, p. 205 O.T. de Gen. ad lit. x. 12, xii. 15. St. Greg. Mor. viii. §42 sq. pp. 449, 450 O.T. Cassian. Collat. when he is rid of his sleep, is rid of his disgrace, also, and is not to be punished. But in this case it is not so, but the shame, and also the punishment, are immortal. Again, they that grow rich in a dream, when it is day are convicted of having been rich to no purpose. But in this case even before the day the conviction often comes upon them, and before they depart to the other life, those dreams have flown away.

Let us then shake off this evil sleep, for if the day find us sleeping, a deathless death will succeed, and before that day we shall be open to the attacks of all the enemies that are of this world, both men and devils: and if they be minded to undo us, there is nobody to hinder them. For if there were many watching, then the danger would not be so great; since however, one perhaps there is, or two, who have lighted a candle, and would be as it were watching in the depth of night, while men were sleeping; therefore now we have need of much sleeplessness, much guardedness, to prevent our falling into the most irremediable evils. Doth it not now seem to be broad daylight? do we not think that all men are awake and sober? yet still (and perhaps you will smile at what I say, still say it I will) we seem all of us like men sleeping and snoring in the depth of night. And if indeed an incorporeal being could be seen, I would show you how most men are snoring, and the devil breaking through walls, and butchering us as we lie, and stealing away the goods within, doing everything fearlessly, as if in profound darkness. Or rather, even if it be impossible to see this with our eyes, let us sketch it out in words, and consider how many have been weighed down by evil desires, how many held down by the sore evil of wantonness, and have quenched the light of the Spirit. Hence it comes that they see one thing instead of another, hear one thing instead of another, and take no notice of any of the things here told them. Or if I am mistaken in saying so, and thou art awake, tell me what has been doing here this day, if thou hast not been hearing this as a dream. I am indeed aware that some can tell me (and I do not mean this of all); but do thou who comest under what has been said, who hast come here to no purpose, tell me what Prophet, what Apostle hath been discoursing to us to-day? and on what subjects? And thou wouldest not have it in thy power to tell me. For thou hast been talking a great deal here, just as in a dream, without hearing the realities. And this I would have said to the women too, as there is a great deal of sleeping amongst them. And would it were sleep! For he that is asleep says nothing either good or bad. But he that is awake as ye are puts forth many a word even for mischief on his own head, telling his interest, casting up his creditor accounts, calling to memory some barefaced bargaining, planting the thorns thick in his own soul, and not letting the seed make even ever so little advance. But rouse thyself, and pull these thorns up by the roots, and shake the drunkenness off: for this is the cause of the sleep. But by drunkenness I mean, not that from wine only, but from worldly thoughts, and with them that from wine also. (See p. 443.) And this advice398 This is a good illustration of Aristotle’s remark, that “general discourses on moral matters are pretty well useless, while particular ones are more like the truth.” Eth. ii. 7. I am giving not to the rich only, but the poor too, and chiefly those that club together for social parties. For this is not really indulgence or relaxation, but punishment and vengeance. For indulgence lies not in speaking filthy things, but in talking solemnly, in being filled, not being ready to burst. But if thou thinkest this is pleasure, show me the pleasure by the evening! Thou canst not! And hitherto I say nothing of the mischiefs it leads to, but at present have only been speaking to you of the pleasure that withers away so quickly. For the party is no sooner broken up, than all that went for mirth is flown away. But when I come to mention the spewing, and the headaches, and the numberless disorders, and the soul’s captivity, what have you to say to all this? Have we any business, because we are poor, to behave ourselves unseemly too? And in saying this I do not forbid your meeting together, or taking your suppers at a common table, but to prevent your behaving unseemly, and as wishing indulgence to be really indulgence, and not a punishment, nor a vengeance, or drunkenness and revelling. Let the Gentiles (ἑλληνες) see that Christians know best how to indulge, and to indulge in an orderly way. For it says, “Rejoice in the Lord with trembling.” (Ps. ii. 11.) But how then can one rejoice? Why, by saying hymns, making prayers, introducing psalms in the place of those low songs. Thus will Christ also be at our table, and will fill the whole feast with blessing, when thou prayest, when thou singest spiritual songs, when thou invitest the poor to partake of what is set before thee, when thou settest much orderliness and temperance over the feast. So thou wilt make the party a Church,399 Ora et ibi templum est, D. Bernard. by hymning, in the room of ill-timed shouts and cheers, the Master of all things. And tell me not, that another custom has come to prevail, but correct what is thus amiss. “For whether ye eat,” it says, “or whether ye drink, or whatsoever ye do, do all to the glory of God.” (1 Cor. x. 31.) For from banquets of that sort you have evil desires, and impurities, and wives come to be in disrepute, and harlots in honor among you. Hence come the upsetting of families and evils unnumbered, and all things are turned upside down, and ye have left the pure fountain, and run to the conduit of mire. For that an harlot’s body is mire, I do not enquire of any one else but of thine own self that wallowest in the mire, if thou dost not feel ashamed of thyself, if thou dost not think thyself unclean after the sin is over. Wherefore I beseech you flee fornication, and the mother of it, drunkenness. Why sow where reaping is impossible, or rather even if thou dost reap, the fruit brings thee great shame? For even if a child be born, it at once disgraces thyself, and has itself had injustice done it in being born through thee illegitimate and base. And if thou leave it never so much money, both the son of an harlot, and that of a servant-maid, is disreputable at home, disreputable in the city, disreputable in a court of law: disreputable too wilt thou be also, both in thy lifetime, and when dead. For if thou have departed even, the memorials of thy unseemliness abide. Why then bring disgrace upon all these? Why sow where the ground makes it its care to destroy the fruit? where there are many efforts at abortion? where there is murder before the birth? for even the harlot thou dost not let continue a mere harlot, but makest her a murderess also. You see how drunkenness leads to whoredom, whoredom to adultery, adultery to murder; or rather to a something even worse than murder. For I have no name to give it, since it does not take off the thing born, but prevent its being born.400 See Arist. Polit. vii. Tertull. Apol. i. 9, p. 22 O.T. and note r. Why then dost thou abuse the gift of God, and fight with His laws, and follow after what is a curse as if a blessing, and make the chamber of procreation a chamber for murder, and arm the woman that was given for childbearing unto slaughter? For with a view to drawing more money by being agreeable and an object of longing to her lovers, even this she is not backward to do, so heaping upon thy head a great pile of fire. For even if the daring deed be hers, yet the causing of it is thine. Hence too come idolatries, since many, with a view to become acceptable, devise incantations, and libations, and love-potions, and countless other plans. Yet still after such great unseemliness, after slaughters, after idolatries, the thing seems to many to belong to things indifferent, aye, and to many that have wives too. Whence the mingle (φορυτὸς) of mischief is the greater. For sorceries401 Or poisonings. are applied not to the womb that is prostituted, but to the injured wife, and there are plottings without number, and invocations of devils, and necromancies, and daily wars, and truceless fightings, and home-cherished jealousies. Wherefore also Paul, after saying, “not in chamberings and wantonness,” proceeds, “not in strife and envying,” as knowing the wars that result therefrom; the upsetting of families, the wrongs done to legitimate children, the other ills unnumbered. That we may then escape from all these, let us put on Christ, and be with Him continually. For this is what putting Him on is; never being without Him, having Him evermore visible in us, through our sanctification, through our moderation. So we say of friends, such an one is wrapped up (ἐνεδύσατο) in such another, meaning their great love, and keeping together incessantly. For he that is wrapped up in anything, seems to be that which he is wrapped in. Let then Christ be seen in every part of us. And how is He to be seen? If thou doest His deeds. And what did He do? “The Son of Man,” He says, “hath not where to lay His head.” (Luke ix. 58.) This do thou also aim after.402 Lying on the bare ground was a common part of asceticism. He needed the use of food, and He fared upon barley loaves. He had occasion to travel, and there were no horses or beast of burden anywhere, but He walked so far as even to be weary. He had need of sleep, and He lay “asleep upon the pillow in the fore (πρύμνῃ, here πρώρας) part of the ship.” (Mark iv. 38.) There was occasion for sitting down to meat, and He bade them lie down upon the grass. And His garments were cheap; and often He stayed alone, with no train after Him. And what He did on the Cross, and what amidst the insults, and all, in a word, that He did, do thou learn by heart (καταμαθὼν) and imitate. And so wilt thou have put on Christ, if thou “make no provision for the flesh to fulfil the lusts thereof.” For the thing has no real pleasure, since these lusts gender again others more keen, and thou wilt never find satisfaction, but wilt only make thee one great torment. For as one who is in a continual thirst, even if he have ten thousand fountains hard by him, gets no good from this, as he is not able to extinguish the disorder, so is he that liveth continually in lusts. But if thou keep to what is necessary, thou wilt never come to have this fear, but all those things will go away, as well drunkenness as wantonness. Eat then only so much as to break thy hunger, have only so much upon thee as to be sheltered, and do not curiously deck thy flesh with clothing, lest thou ruin it. For thou wilt make it more delicate, and wilt do injury to its healthfulness, by unnerving it with so much softness. That thou mayest have it then a meet vehicle for the soul, that the helmsman may be securely seated over the rudder, and the soldier handle his arms with ease, thou must make all parts to be fitly framed together. For it is not the having much, but requiring little, that keeps us from being injured. For the one man is afraid even if he is not wronged: this other, even if he be wronged, is in better case than those that have not been wronged, and even for this very thing is in the better spirits. Let the object of our search be then, not how we can keep any one from using us spitefully, but how even if he wish to do it, he may be without the power. And this there is no other source whence to obtain, save by keeping to necessaries, and not coveting anything more. For in this way we shall be able to enjoy ourselves here, and shall attain to the good things to come, by the grace and love toward man, etc.

ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΚΔʹ. Καὶ τοῦτο, εἰδότες τὸν καιρὸν, ὅτι ὥρα ἡμᾶς ἤδη ἐξ ὕπνου ἐγερθῆναι. αʹ. Ἐπειδὴ πάντα ἅπερ ἐχρῆν ἐπέταξεν, ὠθεῖ πάλιν αὐτοὺς εἰς τὴν τῶν ἀγαθῶν ἐργασίαν ἀπὸ τοῦ κατεπείγοντος. Ἐπὶ θύραις γὰρ, φησὶν, ὁ τῆς κρίσεως ἕστηκε καιρός: καθάπερ καὶ Κορινθίοις ἔγραφεν, ὅτι Ὁ καιρὸς συνεσταλμένος τὸ λοιπόν ἐστι: καὶ Ἑβραίοις δὲ πάλιν, Ἔτι μικρὸν ὅσον ὅσον, ὁ ἐρχόμενος ἥξει, καὶ οὐ χρονιεῖ. Ἀλλ' ἐκεῖ μὲν τοὺς πονουμένους ἀνιστὰς, καὶ τοὺς ἱδρῶτας τῶν ἐπαλλήλων πειρασμῶν παραμυθούμενος ταῦτα ἔλεγεν, ἐνταῦθα δὲ τοὺς καθεύδοντας διεγείρων: καὶ γὰρ πρὸς ἀμφότερα χρήσιμος ἡμῖν οὗτος ὁ λόγος. Τί δέ ἐστιν, ὅ φησιν, Ὥρα ἡμᾶς ἤδη ἐξ ὕπνου ἐγερθῆναι; Τουτέστιν, ἐγγὺς ἡ ἀνάστασις, ἐγγὺς ἡ κρίσις ἡ φοβερὰ, ἐγγὺς ἡ ἡμέρα ἡ ὡς κλίβανος καιομένη: καὶ δεῖ λοιπὸν ἡμᾶς ἀπαλλαγῆναι τῆς ῥᾳθυμίας. Νῦν γὰρ ἐγγύτερον ἡμῶν ἡ σωτηρία, ἢ ὅτε ἐπιστεύσαμεν. Ὁρᾷς πῶς ἐφίστησιν αὐτοῖς ἤδη τὴν ἀνάστασιν; Τοῦ χρόνου γὰρ προϊόντος, φησὶν, ὁ μὲν τοῦ παρόντος βίου δαπανᾶται καιρὸς, ὁ δὲ τοῦ μέλλοντος αἰῶνος ἐγγύτερος γίνεται. Ἂν μὲν οὖν ᾖς παρεσκευασμένος, καὶ πάντα πεποιηκὼς ὅσα ἐπέταξε, σωτηρίας γίνεται ἡ ἡμέρα: ἂν δὲ τοὐναντίον, οὐκέτι. Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀπὸ τῶν λυπηρῶν, ἀλλ' ἀπὸ τῶν χρηστῶν προτρέπει τέως, καὶ ταύτῃ τῆς τῶν παρόντων αὐτοὺς ἀπολύων συμπαθείας. Εἶτα, ἐπειδὴ εἰκὸς ἦν αὐτοὺς ἐν μὲν ἀρχῇ καὶ προοιμίοις σπουδαιοτέρους εἶναι, ἅτε ἀκμάζοντος αὐτοῖς τοῦ πόθου, τοῦ χρόνου δὲ προελθόντος καταμαρανθῆναι τὴν πᾶσαν σπουδὴν, φησὶν ὅτι τοὐναντίον μὲν οὖν δεῖ ποιεῖν, οὐχὶ ἐκλύεσθαι προϊόντος τοῦ χρόνου, ἀλλὰ μᾶλλον ἀκμάζειν. Ὅσῳ γὰρ ἂν ὁ βασιλεὺς ἐγγίζῃ, τοσούτῳ μᾶλλον δεῖ παρασκευάσασθαι: ὅσῳ μᾶλλον ἐγγὺς τὸ βραβεῖον, τοσούτῳ μᾶλλον διεγείρεσθαι χρὴ πρὸς τοὺς ἀγῶνας: ἐπεὶ καὶ οἱ δρομεῖς τοῦτο ποιοῦσιν: ὅταν πρὸς τῷ τέλει τοῦ δρόμου γίνωνται καὶ τῇ τοῦ βραβείου λήψει, τότε διανίστανται μειζόνως. Διὰ τοῦτο ἔλεγε, Νῦν ἐγγύτερον ἡμῶν ἡ σωτηρία, ἢ ὅτε ἐπιστεύσαμεν. Ἡ νὺξ προέκοψεν, ἡ δὲ ἡμέρα ἤγγικεν. Οὐκοῦν εἰ αὕτη μὲν τελευτᾷ, ἐκείνη δὲ πλησιάζει: τὰ ἐκείνης πράττωμεν λοιπὸν, μὴ τὰ ταύτης. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ ἐν τοῖς βιωτικοῖς τοῦτο γίνεται: καὶ ὅταν ἴδωμεν πρὸς ὄρθρον τὴν νύκτα ἐπειγομένην, καὶ χελιδόνος ᾀδούσης ἀκούσωμεν, τὸν πλησίον ἕκαστος διεγείρομεν, καίτοιγε ἔτι τῆς νυκτὸς οὔσης: ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ λοιπὸν ἄπεισιν, ἐπειγόμεθα λοιπὸν λέγοντες ἀλλήλοις, ὅτι Ἡμέρα γέγονε, καὶ τὰ τῆς ἡμέρας ἅπαντα πράττομεν, ἐνδυόμενοι καὶ ὀνείρων ἀπαλλαττόμενοι καὶ ὕπνον διακρουόμενοι, ἵνα παρεσκευασμένους ἡ ἡμέρα εὕρῃ, καὶ μὴ ἀνισχούσης ἀκτῖνος τότε ἀρξώμεθα ἀνίστασθαι καὶ διατείνεσθαι. Ὅπερ οὖν ἐκεῖ ποιοῦμεν, τοῦτο καὶ ἐνταῦθα πράξωμεν: ἀποδυσώμεθα τὰς φαντασίας, ἀπαλλαγῶμεν τῶν ὀνειράτων τοῦ παρόντος βίου, ἀποθώμεθα τὸν βαθὺν ὕπνον, καὶ ἐνδυσώμεθα ἀντὶ ἱματίων τὴν ἀρετήν: ταῦτα γὰρ ἅπαντα δηλῶν ἔλεγεν, Ἀποθώμεθα γοῦν τὰ ἔργα τοῦ σκότους, καὶ ἐνδυσώμεθα τὰ ὅπλα τοῦ φωτός. Καὶ γὰρ πρὸς παράταξιν καὶ μάχην ἡ ἡμέρα ἡμᾶς καλεῖ. Ἀλλὰ μὴ δείσῃς παράταξιν καὶ ὅπλα ἀκούσας. Ἐπὶ μὲν γὰρ τῆς αἰσθητῆς παντευχίας βαρὺ καὶ ἀπευκτὸν τὸ ὁπλίζεσθαι, ἐνταῦθα δὲ ποθεινὸν καὶ εὐχῆς ἄξιον: φωτὸς γάρ ἐστι τὰ ὅπλα: διὸ καὶ τῆς ἀκτῖνος λαμπρότερόν σε ἀποφαίνει πολλὴν ἀφιέντα τὴν ἀστραπὴν, καὶ ἐν ἀσφαλείᾳ σε καθίστησιν: ὅπλα γάρ ἐστι: καὶ καταλάμπεσθαι ποιεῖ: φωτὸς γάρ ἐστιν ὅπλα. Τί οὖν; οὐκ ἀνάγκη πολεμεῖν; Ἀνάγκη μὲν πολεμεῖν, οὐ μὴν ταλαιπωρεῖσθαι καὶ πονεῖν: οὐδὲ γὰρ πόλεμος τοῦτό ἐστιν, ἀλλὰ χορεία καὶ πανήγυρις. Τοιαύτη τῶν ὅπλων τούτων ἡ φύσις, τοιαύτη ἡ τοῦ στρατηγοῦ δύναμις. Καὶ καθάπερ νυμφίος καλλωπιζόμενος ἀπὸ τῆς παστάδος πρόεισιν, οὕτω καὶ ὁ τούτοις φραττόμενος τοῖς ὅπλοις: καὶ γὰρ στρατιώτης ὁμοῦ καὶ νυμφίος ἐστίν. Εἰπὼν δὲ, ὅτι Ἡ ἡμέρα ἤγγικεν, οὐδὲ ἐγγὺς εἶναι αὐτὴν ἀφίησιν, ἀλλ' ἤδη αὐτὴν ἐφίστησι: φησὶ γὰρ, Ὡς ἐν ἡμέρᾳ εὐσχημόνως περιπατήσωμεν. Ἤδη γὰρ πάρεστιν ἡ ἡμέρα. Καὶ ἀφ' ὧν μάλιστα οἱ πολλοὶ προτρέπονται, ἀπὸ τούτων καὶ αὐτοὺς ἐφέλκεται, τῆς εὐσχημοσύνης: πολὺς γὰρ αὐτοῖς τῆς παρὰ τῶν πολλῶν δόξης ὁ λόγος. Καὶ οὐκ εἶπε, Περιπατεῖτε, ἀλλὰ, Περιπατήσωμεν, ὥστε ἀνεπαχθῆ ποιῆσαι τὴν παραίνεσιν, καὶ κούφην τὴν ἐπίπληξιν. Μὴ κώμοις καὶ μέθαις: οὐ τὸ πίνειν κωλύων, ἀλλὰ τὸ ἀμέτρως: οὐ τὸ ἀπολαύειν οἴνου, ἀλλὰ τὸ μετὰ παροινίας: ὥσπερ οὖν καὶ τὸ ἑξῆς μετὰ τοῦ αὐτοῦ μέτρου τίθησι λέγων: Μὴ κοίταις καὶ ἀσελγείαις. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐνταῦθα τὸ μίγνυσθαι γυναιξὶν ἀναιρεῖ, ἀλλὰ τὸ πορνεύειν. Μὴ ἔριδι καὶ ζήλῳ. Τὰ γὰρ καίρια τῶν παθῶν σβέννυσι τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν καὶ τὸν θυμόν. Διόπερ οὐκ αὐτὰ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰς πηγὰς αὐτῶν ἀναιρεῖ. βʹ. Οὐδὲν γὰρ οὕτω καὶ ἐπιθυμίαν ἀνάπτει καὶ ὀργὴν ἐκκαίει, ὡς μέθη καὶ παροινία. Διὰ τοῦτο πρότερον εἰπὼν, Μὴ κώμοις καὶ μέθαις, τότε ἐπήγαγε: Μὴ κοίταις καὶ ἀσελγείαις, μὴ ἔριδι καὶ ζήλῳ. Καὶ οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα ἔστη, ἀλλ' ἀποδύσας ἡμᾶς τῶν πονηρῶν ἱματίων, ἄκουσον πῶς καλλωπίζει λοιπὸν λέγων: Ἀλλ' ἐνδύσασθε τὸν Κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν. Οὐκέτι εἶπεν ἔργα, ἀλλὰ μειζόνως αὐτοὺς ἀνέστησεν. Ὅτε μὲν γὰρ περὶ τῆς κακίας ἔφησεν, ἔργα ἔλεγεν: ὅτε δὲ περὶ τῆς ἀρετῆς, οὐκέτι ἔργα, ἀλλ' ὅπλα, δεικνὺς ὅτι ἐν πάσῃ ἀσφαλείᾳ καθίστησιν ἡ ἀρετὴ τὸν ἔχοντα αὐτὴν, καὶ ἐν πάσῃ λαμπρότητι. Καὶ οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα ἔστη, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τὸ μεῖζον ἄγων τὸν λόγον, ὃ πολλῷ φρικωδέστερον ἦν, αὐτὸν τὸν Δεσπότην δίδωσιν ἡμῖν ἱμάτιον, αὐτὸν τὸν βασιλέα. Ὁ γὰρ τοῦτον περιβεβλημένος, ἅπασαν ἔχει καθόλου τὴν ἀρετήν. Ὅταν δὲ εἴπῃ, Ἐνδύσασθε, πάντοθεν ἡμᾶς αὐτὸν περιβαλέσθαι κελεύει: ὥσπερ ἀλλαχοῦ φησιν, Εἰ δὲ Χριστὸς ἐν ὑμῖν: καὶ πάλιν, Εἰς τὸν ἔσω ἡμῶν ἄνθρωπον κατοικῆσαι τὸν Χριστόν. Καὶ γὰρ οἰκίαν αὐτῷ βούλεται εἶναι τὴν ψυχὴν τὴν ἡμετέραν, καὶ ὡς ἱμάτιον ἡμῖν αὐτὸν περικεῖσθαι, ἵνα πάντα αὐτὸς ἡμῖν ᾖ ἔσωθεν καὶ ἔξωθεν. Καὶ γὰρ πλήρωμα ἡμῶν αὐτός (καὶ γὰρ Πλήρωμα τοῦ τὰ πάντα ἐν πᾶσι πληρουμένου): καὶ ὁδὸς καὶ ἀνὴρ καὶ νυμφίος (Ἡρμοσάμην γὰρ ὑμᾶς ἑνὶ ἀνδρὶ παρθένον ἁγνήν): καὶ ῥίζα καὶ ποτὸν καὶ τροφὴ καὶ ζωή (Ζῶ γὰρ, φησὶν, οὐκέτι ἐγὼ, ζῇ δὲ ἐν ἐμοὶ Χριστός): καὶ ἀπόστολος καὶ ἀρχιερεὺς καὶ διδάσκαλος καὶ πατὴρ καὶ ἀδελφὸς καὶ συγκληρονόμος, καὶ τάφου κοινωνὸς καὶ σταυροῦ (Συνετάφημεν γὰρ αὐτῷ, φησὶ, καὶ σύμφυτοι γεγόναμεν τῷ ὁμοιώματι τοῦ θανάτου αὐτοῦ): καὶ ἱκέτης (Ὑπὲρ γὰρ Χριστοῦ πρεσβεύομεν): καὶ πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα συνήγορος (καὶ γὰρ Ἐντυγχάνει, φησὶν, ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν): καὶ οἶκος καὶ ἔνοικος (Ὁ γὰρ ἐν ἐμοὶ μένων, κἀγὼ ἐν αὐτῷ), καὶ φίλος (Ὑμεῖς γὰρ φίλοι μού ἐστε): καὶ θεμέλιος καὶ λίθος ἀκρογωνιαῖος: καὶ ἡμεῖς αὐτοῦ καὶ μέλη καὶ γεώργιον καὶ οἰκοδομὴ καὶ κλήματα καὶ συνεργοί. Τί γὰρ οὐ βούλεται ἡμῶν εἶναι, παντὶ τρόπῳ συγκολλῶν καὶ συνάπτων ἡμᾶς; ὅπερ τοῦ σφόδρα φιλοῦντός ἐστι. Πείθου τοίνυν, καὶ ἀναστὰς ἐξ ὕπνων ἔνδυσαι αὐτὸν, καὶ ἐνδυσάμενος εὐήνιον αὐτῷ πάρεχε τὴν σάρκα: τοῦτο γὰρ ᾐνίξατο εἰπὼν, Τῆς σαρκὸς πρόνοιαν μὴ ποιεῖσθε εἰς ἐπιθυμίας. Ὥσπερ γὰρ οὐ τὸ πίνειν ἐκώλυσεν, ἀλλὰ τὸ μεθύειν, οὐδὲ τὸ γαμεῖν, ἀλλὰ τὸ ἀσελγεῖν: οὕτως οὐδὲ τὸ προνοεῖν τῆς σαρκὸς, ἀλλὰ τὸ εἰς ἐπιθυμίας, οἷον τὸ τὴν χρείαν ὑπερβαίνειν: ἐπεὶ, ὅτι γε προνοεῖν αὐτῆς κελεύει, ἄκουσον τί φησι Τιμοθέῳ: Οἴνῳ ὀλίγῳ χρῶ διὰ τὸν στόμαχόν σου καὶ τὰς πυκνάς σου ἀσθενείας. Οὕτω δὴ καὶ ἐνταῦθα προνόει μὲν, ἀλλὰ πρὸς ὑγείαν, μὴ πρὸς ἀσέλγειαν. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἂν εἴη τοῦτο πρόνοια λοιπὸν, ὅταν τὴν φλόγα ἀνάπτῃς, ὅταν χαλεπὴν τὴν κάμινον ποιῇς. Ἵνα δὲ καὶ σαφέστερον μάθητε, τί ποτέ ἐστι τὸ προνοεῖν αὐτῆς εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν, καὶ φύγητε τὴν τοιαύτην πρόνοιαν, τοὺς μεθύοντας, τοὺς γαστριζομένους, τοὺς ἐν ἱματίοις καλλωπιζομένους, τοὺς θρυπτομένους, τοὺς τὸν ὑγρὸν καὶ διαῤῥέοντα ζῶντας βίον ἐννοήσατε, καὶ εἴσεσθε τὸ εἰρημένον. Ἐκεῖνοι γὰρ πάντα ποιοῦσιν, οὐχ ἵνα ὑγιαίνωσιν, ἀλλ' ἵνα σκιρτῶσιν, ἵνα τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν ἀνάπτωσιν. Ἀλλ' ὁ τὸν Χριστὸν ἐνδεδυμένος σὺ, πάντα ἐκεῖνα περικόψας, ἓν ζήτει μόνον, ὅπως ὑγιαίνουσαν ἔχῃς τὴν σάρκα: καὶ μέχρι τοσούτου προνόει ταύτης, περαιτέρω δὲ μηκέτι, ἀλλὰ πᾶσαν τὴν σπουδὴν εἰς τὴν τῶν πνευματικῶν ἀνάλισκε ἐπιμέλειαν. Οὕτω γὰρ καὶ ἀναστῆναι ἐκ τοῦ ὕπνου τούτου δυνήσῃ, μὴ βαρούμενος ταῖς ποικίλαις ταύταις ἐπιθυμίαις. Καὶ γὰρ ὕπνος ὁ παρὼν βίος, καὶ ὀνειράτων οὐδὲν τὰ ἐν αὐτῷ διενήνοχε. Καὶ καθάπερ οἱ καθεύδοντες καὶ παραφθέγγονται, καὶ ὁρῶσι πολλάκις οὐδὲν ὑγιὲς, οὕτω καὶ ἡμεῖς: μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ πολλῷ χεῖρον. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ αἰσχρά τινα πράξας ἢ εἰπὼν ὄναρ, ἀπαλλαγεὶς τοῦ ὕπνου, καὶ τῆς αἰσχύνης ἀπήλλακται, καὶ δίκην οὐ δίδωσιν: ἐνταῦθα δὲ οὐχ οὕτως, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἡ αἰσχύνη καὶ ἡ τιμωρία ἀθάνατος. Πάλιν, οἱ πλουτοῦντες ὄναρ, ἡμέρας γενομένης ἐλέγχονται εἰκῆ πλουτήσαντες: ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ πρὸ τῆς ἡμέρας ὁ ἔλεγχος ἔπεισι πολλάκις, καὶ πρὶν ἀπελθεῖν ἐκεῖ, τὰ ὀνείρατα ταῦτα ἀπέπτη. Ἀποτιναξώμεθα τοίνυν τὸν πονηρὸν τοῦτον ὕπνον. Ἂν γὰρ καθεύδοντας ἡμᾶς ἡ ἡμέρα καταλάβῃ, θάνατος διαδέξεται ἀθάνατος: καὶ πρὸ τῆς ἡμέρας δὲ ἐκείνης πᾶσιν εὐεπιχείρητοι τοῖς ἐχθροῖς τοῖς ἐντεῦθεν ἐσόμεθα, καὶ ἀνθρώποις καὶ δαίμοσι: κἂν ἀνελεῖν βουληθῶσιν, ὁ κωλύσων οὐδείς. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ πολλοὶ οἱ ἐγρηγορότες ἦσαν, οὐκ ἦν τοσοῦτος ὁ κίνδυνος: ἐπειδὴ δὲ εἷς που καὶ δεύτερος λύχνον ἅψας, καθάπερ ἐν βαθυτάτῃ νυκτὶ τῶν ἄλλων καθευδόντων, ἐγρήγορε, διὰ τοῦτο πολλῆς ἡμῖν δεῖ τῆς ἀγρυπνίας, πολλῆς τῆς ἀσφαλείας, ὥστε μὴ τὰ ἀνήκεστα παθεῖν. γʹ. Οὐχὶ δοκεῖ λαμπρὰ ἡ ἡμέρα εἶναι νῦν; οὐχὶ πάντες ἐγρηγορέναι νομίζομεν καὶ νήφειν; Ἀλλ' ὅμως (καὶ τάχα γελάσεσθε τὸ εἰρημένον, ἐγὼ μέντοι αὐτὸ ἐρῶ) τοῖς ἐν βαθείᾳ νυκτὶ καθεύδουσί τε καὶ ῥέγχουσιν ἐοίκαμεν ἅπαντες. Καὶ εἴ γε οὐσίαν ἀσώματον ἦν ἰδεῖν, ἔδειξα ἂν ὑμῖν πῶς οἱ μὲν πλείους ῥέγχουσιν, ὁ δὲ διάβολος διορύττει τοίχους, καὶ κατασφάττει κειμένους, καὶ ὑφαιρεῖται τὰ ἔνδον, καθάπερ ἐν σκότῳ βαθεῖ μετὰ ἀδείας ἅπαντα πράττων. Μᾶλλον δὲ, εἰ καὶ ὀφθαλμοῖς τοῦτο ἰδεῖν ἀδύνατον, ὑπογράψωμεν αὐτὸ τῷ λόγῳ, καὶ ἐννοήσωμεν πόσοι ὑπὸ ἐπιθυμιῶν εἰσι πονηρῶν βεβαρημένοι, πόσοι τῷ χαλεπῷ τῆς ἀσελγείας κάρῳ κατεχόμενοι, καὶ τὸ φῶς τοῦ πνεύματος κατασβεννύντες. Διά τοι τοῦτο ἕτερα ἀνθ' ἑτέρων βλέπουσιν, ἕτερα ἀνθ' ἑτέρων ἀκούουσι, καὶ οὐδενὶ τῶν ἐνταῦθα λεγομένων προσέχουσιν. Εἰ δὲ ἐγὼ ψεύδομαι ταῦτα λέγων, καὶ ἐγρηγορὼς ἕστηκας, εἰπέ μοι, τί γέγονεν ἐνταῦθα σήμερον, εἰ μὴ ὡς ὀνειράτων ἤκουσας; Καὶ οἶδα μὲν, ὅτι ἐροῦσί τινες: οὐδὲ γὰρ κατὰ πάντων ταῦτα λέγω: ἀλλὰ σὺ ὁ τοῖς εἰρημένοις ἔνοχος ὢν, ὁ μάτην ἐνταῦθα εἰσελθὼν, εἰπὲ, τίς προφήτης, ποῖος ἀπόστολος σήμερον διελέχθη ἡμῖν, καὶ περὶ τίνων. Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἂν ἔχοις εἰπεῖν: καὶ γὰρ πολλὰ ὡς ἐν ὀνείρῳ διελέχθης ἐνταῦθα, τῶν ἀληθινῶν οὐκ ἀκούσας πραγμάτων. Ταῦτα δέ μοι καὶ πρὸς γυναῖκας εἰρήσθω: καὶ γὰρ ἐν ἐκείναις πολὺς ὁ ὕπνος: καὶ εἴθε ὕπνος. Ὁ μὲν γὰρ καθεύδων οὔτε πονηρόν τι φθέγγεται, οὔτε χρηστόν: ὁ δὲ οὕτως ἐγρηγορὼς ὡς ὑμεῖς, πολλὰ καὶ ἐπὶ κακῷ τῆς ἑαυτοῦ κεφαλῆς ἐκβάλλει ῥήματα, τόκους ἀριθμῶν, λογισμοὺς δανεισμάτων συντιθεὶς, καπηλείας ἀναισχύντου μεμνημένος, τὰς ἀκάνθας πυκνὰς καταφυτεύων ἐν τῇ ἑαυτοῦ ψυχῇ, καὶ τὸν σπόρον οὐκ ἀφεὶς οὐδὲ μικρὸν προκύψαι ποτέ. Ἀλλὰ διανάστηθι, καὶ τὰς ἀκάνθας ταύτας προῤῥίζους ἀνάσπασον, καὶ τὴν μέθην ἀποτίναξαι: καὶ γὰρ ἐντεῦθεν ὁ ὕπνος. Μέθην δὲ οὐκ οἴνου λέγω μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῶν βιωτικῶν φροντίδων, καὶ μετὰ τούτων καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ οἴνου. Ταῦτα δὲ οὐχὶ πλουσίοις μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ πένησι παραινῶ, καὶ μάλιστα τοῖς τὰ φιλικὰ συγκροτοῦσι συμπόσια. Οὐ γάρ ἐστι τοῦτο τρυφὴ οὐδὲ ἄνεσις, ἀλλὰ κόλασις καὶ τιμωρία: τρυφὴ γὰρ οὐκ αἰσχρὰ εἰπεῖν, ἀλλὰ σεμνὰ φθέγξασθαι, ἐμπλησθῆναι, οὐ διαῤῥαγῆναι. Εἰ δὲ ἡδονὴν αὐτὸ νομίζεις, δεῖξόν μοι ἐν ἑσπέρᾳ τὴν ἡδονήν: ἀλλ' οὐκ ἂν ἔχοις. Καὶ οὔπω λέγω τὰς ἐντεῦθεν βλάβας, ἀλλὰ τέως περὶ τῆς ἡδονῆς σοι διαλέγομαι τῆς εὐθέως μαραινομένης: ὁμοῦ τε γὰρ διελύθη τὸ συμπόσιον, καὶ ἀπέπτη τὰ τῆς εὐφροσύνης. Ὅταν δὲ καὶ τὸν ἔμετον εἴπω, καὶ τὰς καρηβαρίας, καὶ τὰ μυρία νοσήματα, καὶ τὴν τῆς ψυχῆς αἰχμαλωσίαν, τί πρὸς ταῦτα ἐρεῖς; Μὴ γὰρ, ἐπειδὴ πένητές ἐσμεν, καὶ ἀσχημονεῖν ὀφείλομεν; Ταῦτα δὲ λέγω, οὐ κωλύων συνιέναι οὐδὲ κοινῇ συνδειπνεῖν, ἀλλὰ κωλύων ἀσχημονεῖν, καὶ βουλόμενος τὴν τρυφὴν εἶναι τρυφὴν, ἀλλὰ μὴ κόλασιν μηδὲ τιμωρίαν καὶ μέθην καὶ κῶμον. Μαθέτωσαν Ἕλληνες, ὅτι μάλιστα Χριστιανοὶ τρυφᾷν ἴσασι, καὶ τρυφᾷν μετὰ κόσμου. Ἀγαλλιᾶσθε γὰρ, φησὶ, τῷ Κυρίῳ ἐν τρόμῳ. Πῶς δὲ ἔστιν ἀγαλλιᾶσθαι; Ὕμνους λέγοντας, εὐχὰς ποιουμένους, ψαλμοὺς ἐπεισάγοντας ἀντὶ τῶν ἀνελευθέρων ἐκείνων ᾀσμάτων. Οὕτω καὶ ὁ Χριστὸς τῇ τραπέζῃ παρέσται, καὶ εὐλογίας ἐμπλήσει τὴν εὐωχίαν ἅπασαν, ὅταν εὔχῃ, ὅταν ᾄδῃς πνευματικὰ, ὅταν πένητας ἐπὶ τῶν προκειμένων τὴν κοινωνίαν καλῇς, ὅταν εὐταξίαν πολλὴν καὶ σωφροσύνην ἐπιστήσῃς τῷ συμποσίῳ: οὕτω καὶ ἐκκλησίαν ἐργάσῃ τὸν τόπον, ἀντὶ τῶν ἀκαίρων κραυγῶν καὶ εὐφημιῶν τὸν τῶν ἁπάντων Δεσπότην ὑμνῶν. Καὶ μή μοι λέγε, ὅτι ἕτερος ἐκράτησε νόμος, ἀλλὰ διορθοῦ τὰ κακῶς ἔχοντα. Εἴτε γὰρ ἐσθίετε, φησὶν, εἴτε πίνετε, εἴτε τι ποιεῖτε, πάντα εἰς δόξαν Θεοῦ ποιεῖτε. Καὶ γὰρ ἀπὸ τῶν τοιούτων τραπεζῶν ὑμῖν αἱ πονηραὶ ἐπιθυμίαι, ἐντεῦθεν αἱ ἀσέλγειαι, ἐντεῦθεν αἱ γυναῖκες μὲν ἐν καταφρονήσει, αἱ δὲ πόρναι ἐν τιμῇ παρ' ὑμῖν: ἐντεῦθεν αἱ τῶν οἰκιῶν ἀνατροπαὶ, καὶ τὰ μυρία κακὰ, καὶ ἄνω καὶ κάτω πάντα γέγονε, καὶ τὴν πηγὴν ἀφέντες τὴν καθαρὰν, ἐπὶ τοῦ βορβόρου τὸν ὀχετὸν τρέχετε. Ὅτι γὰρ βόρβορος τὸ τῆς πόρνης σῶμα, οὐδένα ἕτερον ἐρωτῶ, ἀλλ' αὐτόν σε τὸν ἐγκαλινδούμενον τῷ βορβόρῳ, εἰ μὴ σαυτὸν ἐρυθριᾷς, εἰ μὴ ἀκάθαρτον εἶναι νομίζεις μετὰ τὴν ἁμαρτίαν. Διὸ, παρακαλῶ, φεύγετε τὴν πορνείαν καὶ τὴν ταύτης μητέρα τὴν μέθην: Τί σπείρεις ὅπου θερίσαι οὐκ ἔνι, μᾶλλον δὲ, κἂν θερίσῃς, πολλήν σοι φέρει τὴν αἰσχύνην ὁ καρπός; Κἂν γὰρ τεχθῇ παιδίον, καὶ σὲ ᾔσχυνε, καὶ αὐτὸ ἠδίκηται διὰ σὲ νόθον καὶ δυσγενὲς γενόμενον. Κἂν μυρία αὐτῷ καταλίπῃς χρήματα, ἄτιμος ἐν οἰκίᾳ, ἄτιμος ἐν πόλει, ἄτιμος ἐν δικαστηρίῳ, καὶ ὁ ἐκ πόρνης καὶ ὁ ἐκ δούλης: ἄτιμος δὲ καὶ σὺ πάλιν, καὶ ζῶν καὶ τετελευτηκώς: κἂν γὰρ ἀπέλθῃς, μένει τὰ ὑπομνήματα τῆς ἀσχημοσύνης. Τί τοίνυν ἅπαντα καταισχύνεις; δʹ. Τί σπείρεις ἔνθα ἡ ἄρουρα σπουδάζει διαφθεῖραι τὸν καρπόν; ἔνθα πολλὰ τὰ ἀτόκια; ἔνθα πρὸ τῆς γενέσεως φόνος; καὶ γὰρ καὶ τὴν πόρνην οὐκ ἀφίης μεῖναι πόρνην μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀνδροφόνον ποιεῖς. Εἶδες ἀπὸ μέθης πορνείαν, ἀπὸ πορνείας μοιχείαν, ἀπὸ μοιχείας φόνον; μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ φόνου τι χεῖρον: οὐδὲ γὰρ ἔχω πῶς αὐτὸ καλέσω: οὐ γὰρ τεχθέντα ἀναιρεῖ, ἀλλὰ καὶ τεχθῆναι κωλύει. Τί τοίνυν; Καὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν δωρεὰν ὑβρίζεις, καὶ τοῖς αὐτοῦ μάχῃ νόμοις, καὶ ὅπερ ἐστὶ κατάρα, τοῦτο ὡς εὐλογίαν μεταδιώκεις, καὶ τὸ ταμιεῖον τῆς γενέσεως ταμιεῖον ποιεῖς σφαγῆς, καὶ τὴν πρὸς παιδοποιίαν δοθεῖσαν γυναῖκα πρὸς φόνον παρασκευάζεις; Ἵνα γὰρ ἀεὶ τοῖς ἐρασταῖς εὔχρηστος ᾖ καὶ ποθεινὴ καὶ πλέον ἀργύριον ἕλκῃ, οὐδὲ τοῦτο παραιτεῖται ποιῆσαι, μέγα ἐπὶ τὴν σὴν κεφαλὴν τὸ πῦρ ἐντεῦθεν σωρεύουσα: εἰ γὰρ καὶ ἐκείνης τὸ τόλμημα, ἀλλὰ σὴ ἡ αἰτία γίνεται. Ἐντεῦθεν καὶ εἰδωλολατρεῖαι. Πολλαὶ γὰρ ὥστε ἐπιχαρεῖς γενέσθαι, καὶ ἐπῳδὰς καὶ σπονδὰς καὶ φίλτρα καὶ μυρία ἕτερα μηχανῶνται. Ἀλλ' ὅμως μετὰ τοσαύτην ἀσχημοσύνην, μετὰ φόνους, μετὰ εἰδωλολατρείας, πολλοῖς ἀδιάφορον τὸ πρᾶγμα εἶναι δοκεῖ, πολλοῖς καὶ γυναῖκας ἔχουσιν: ἔνθα καὶ πλείων ὁ φορυτὸς τῶν κακῶν. Καὶ γὰρ φαρμακεῖαι λοιπὸν κινοῦνται, οὐκ ἐπὶ τὴν νηδὺν τὴν πορνευομένην, ἀλλ' ἐπὶ τὴν ἠδικημένην γυναῖκα, καὶ ἐπιβουλαὶ μυρίαι, καὶ δαιμόνων κλήσεις, καὶ νεκυομαντεῖαι, καὶ πόλεμοι καθημερινοὶ, καὶ ἄσπονδοι μάχαι, καὶ σύντροφοι φιλονεικίαι. Διὸ καὶ ὁ Παῦλος εἰπὼν, Μὴ κοίταις καὶ ἀσελγείαις, ἐπήγαγε, Μὴ ἔριδι καὶ ζήλῳ: εἰδὼς τοὺς ἐντεῦθεν πολέμους, τῶν οἰκιῶν τὰς ἀνατροπὰς, τῶν εὐγενῶν παίδων τὰς ἀδικίας, τὰ μυρία κακά. Ἵν' οὖν ταῦτα διαφύγωμεν ἅπαντα, τὸν Χριστὸν ἐνδυσώμεθα, καὶ μετ' αὐτοῦ διηνεκῶς ὦμεν: ἐπεὶ καὶ τοῦτό ἐστιν ἐνδύσασθαι, τὸ μηδέποτε αὐτοῦ ἀπολειφθῆναι, τὸ πάντοθεν αὐτὸν φαίνεσθαι ἐν ἡμῖν διὰ τῆς ἁγιωσύνης ἡμῶν, διὰ τῆς ἐπιεικείας. Οὕτω καὶ ἐπὶ φίλων λέγομεν, Ὁ δεῖνα τὸν δεῖνα ἐνεδύσατο, τὴν πολλὴν ἀγάπην λέγοντες καὶ τὴν ἀδιάλειπτον συνουσίαν: ὁ γὰρ ἐνδυσάμενος, ἐκεῖνο φαίνεται, ὅπερ ἐνδέδυται. Φαινέσθω τοίνυν πάντοθεν ἐν ἡμῖν ὁ Χριστός. Καὶ πῶς φανεῖται; Ἂν τὰ ἐκείνου ποιῇς. Τί δὲ ἐκεῖνος ἐποίησεν; Ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου, φησὶν, οὐκ ἔχει ποῦ τὴν κεφαλὴν κλίνῃ. Τοῦτο καὶ σὺ ζήλωσον. Τροφῆς ἀπολαῦσαι ἔδει, καὶ κριθίνοις ἄρτοις ἐκέχρητο: ἀποδημῆσαι ἐχρῆν, καὶ οὐδαμοῦ ἵπποι καὶ ὑποζύγια, ἀλλὰ τοσαῦτα ἐβάδιζεν, ὥστε καὶ κοπιᾶσαι: καθευδῆσαι ἔδει, καὶ ἐπὶ προσκεφαλαίου ἔκειτο ἐπὶ τῆς πρώρας: κατακλιθῆναι ἐχρῆν, καὶ ἐπὶ χόρτου καταπεσεῖν ἐκέλευσε. Καὶ τὰ ἱμάτια δὲ εὐτελῆ: καὶ πολλαχοῦ μόνος διέτριβεν, οὐδένα ἐπισυρόμενος. Καὶ τὰ ἐν τῷ σταυρῷ δὲ, καὶ τὰ ἐν ταῖς ὕβρεσι, καὶ πάντα ἁπλῶς καταμαθὼν, ζήλωσον: καὶ οὕτως ἐνεδύσω τὸν Χριστὸν, ἂν τῆς σαρκὸς πρόνοιαν μὴ ποιῇς εἰς ἐπιθυμίας: οὐδὲ γὰρ ἡδονὴν τὸ πρᾶγμα ἔχει. Καὶ γὰρ αἱ ἐπιθυμίαι αὗται τίκτουσι πάλιν ἑτέρας δριμυτέρας, καὶ οὐδέποτε λήψῃ κόρον, ἀλλὰ βάσανον ἐργάσῃ σαυτῷ μεγάλην. Ὥσπερ γὰρ ὁ διηνεκῶς ὢν ἐν τῷ διψῇν, κἂν μυρίας ἔχῃ παρακειμένας πηγὰς, οὐδὲν ἐντεῦθεν κερδαίνει, μὴ δυνάμενος τὸ νόσημα σβέσαι: οὕτω καὶ ὁ διηνεκῶς ἐν ἐπιθυμίαις ζῶν. Ἂν δὲ τῆς χρείας ᾖς ἐντὸς, οὐδέποτε τοῦτον δέξῃ τὸν πυρετὸν, ἀλλὰ πάντα ἐκεῖνα οἰχήσεται, καὶ μέθαι καὶ ἀσέλγειαι. Τοσοῦτον τοίνυν ἔσθιε ὅσον λῦσαι λιμὸν, τοιαῦτα ἐνδύου οἷον σκέπεσθαι μόνον, μηδὲ καλλώπιζε ἱματίοις τὴν σάρκα, ἵνα μὴ αὐτὴν ἀπολέσῃς: καὶ γὰρ καὶ μαλακωτέραν αὐτὴν ποιεῖς, καὶ τὴν εὐεξίαν αὐτῆς λυμαίνῃ, τῇ πολλῇ βλακείᾳ διαλύων αὐτήν. Ἵν' οὖν ἔχῃς αὐτὴν ὄχημα καλὸν τῆς ψυχῆς, ἵνα ὁ κυβερνήτης ἀσφαλῶς ἐπὶ τῶν οἰάκων κάθηται, καὶ ὁ στρατιώτης εὐκόλως μεταχειρίζῃ τὰ ὅπλα, εὐάρμοστα πάντα ποίει. Οὐ γὰρ τὸ πολλὰ ἔχειν, ἀλλὰ τὸ ὀλίγων δεῖσθαι, ἀναλώτους ποιεῖ. Ἐκεῖνος μὲν γὰρ, κἂν μὴ ἀδικηθῇ, δέδοικεν: οὗτος δὲ, κἂν ἀδικηθῇ, τῶν οὐκ ἠδικημένων ἄμεινον διακείσεται, καὶ ἐν πλείονι καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἔσται εὐθυμίᾳ. Μὴ τοίνυν τοῦτο ζητῶμεν, ὅπως μηδεὶς ἐπηρεάσῃ, ἀλλ' ὅπως, κἂν ἐπηρεάζειν βούληται, μὴ δύνηται. Τοῦτο δὲ οὐδαμόθεν ἑτέρωθεν ἔσται, ἀλλ' ἢ ἐκ τοῦ τῆς χρείας ἔχεσθαι, καὶ μὴ πλειόνων ἐπιθυμεῖν. Οὕτω γὰρ καὶ ἐνταῦθα τρυφῆσαι δυνησόμεθα, καὶ τῶν μελλόντων ἐπιτευξόμεθα ἀγαθῶν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἅμα τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι δόξα, κράτος, τιμὴ, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.