§18. How the Word and Power of God works in His human actions: by casting out devils, by Miracles, by His Birth of the Virgin.

Accordingly, when inspired writers on this matter speak of Him as eating and being born, understand59    Compare Orat. iii. 31, note 11. that the body, as body, was born, and sustained with food corresponding to its nature, while God, the Word Himself, Who was united with the body, while ordering all things, also by the works He did in the body shewed Himself to be not man, but God the Word. But these things are said of Him, because the actual body which ate, was born, and suffered, belonged to none other but to the Lord: and because, having become man, it was proper for these things to be predicated of Him as man, to shew Him to have a body in truth, and not in seeming. 2. But just as from these things He was known to be bodily present, so from the works He did in the body He made Himself known to be Son of God. Whence also He cried to the unbelieving Jews; “If60    John x. 37, sq. I do not the works of My Father, believe Me not. But if I do them, though ye believe not Me, believe My works; that ye may know and understand that the Father is in Me, and I in the Father.” 3. For just as, though invisible, He is known through the works of creation; so, having become man, and being in the body unseen, it may be known from His works that He Who can do these is not man, but the Power and Word of God. 4. For His charging evil spirits, and their being driven forth, this deed is not of man, but of God. Or who that saw Him healing the diseases to which the human race is subject, can still think Him man and not God? For He cleansed lepers, made lame men to walk, opened the hearing of deaf men, made blind men to see again, and in a word drove away from men all diseases and infirmities: from which acts it was possible even for the most ordinary observer to see His Godhead. For who that saw Him give back61    Cf. 49. 2. what was deficient to men born lacking, and open the eyes of the man blind from his birth, would have failed to perceive that the nature of men was subject to Him, and that He was its Artificer and Maker? For He that gave back that which the man from his birth had not, must be, it is surely evident, the Lord also of men’s natural birth. 5. Therefore, even to begin with, when He was descending to us, He fashioned His body for Himself from a Virgin, thus to afford to all no small proof of His Godhead, in that He Who formed this is also Maker of everything else as well. For who, seeing a body proceeding forth from a Virgin alone without man, can fail to infer that He Who appears in it is Maker and Lord of other bodies also? 6. Or who, seeing the substance of water changed and transformed into wine, fails to perceive that He Who did this is Lord and Creator of the substance of all waters? For to this end He went upon the sea also as its Master, and walked as on dry land, to afford evidence to them that saw it of His lordship over all things. And in feeding so vast a multitude on little, and of His own self yielding abundance where none was, so that from five loaves five thousand had enough, and left so much again over, did He shew Himself to be any other than the very Lord Whose Providence is over all things?

Ὅταν τοίνυν ἐσθίοντα καὶ πίνοντα καὶ τικτόμενον αὐτὸν λέγωσιν οἱ περὶ τούτου θεολόγοι, γίνωσκε ὅτι τὸ μὲν σῶμα, ὡς σῶμα, ἐτίκτετο καὶ καταλλήλοις ἐτρέφετο τροφαῖς, αὐτὸς δὲ ὁ συνὼν τῷ σώματι Θεὸς Λόγος τὰ πάντα διακοσ μῶν, καὶ δι' ὧν εἰργάζετο ἐν τῷ σώματι οὐκ ἄνθρωπον ἑαυ τόν, ἀλλὰ Θεὸν Λόγον ἐγνώριζεν. Λέγεται δὲ περὶ αὐτοῦ ταῦτα, ἐπειδὴ καὶ τὸ σῶμα ἐσθίον καὶ τικτόμενον καὶ πάσχον, οὐχ ἑτέρου τινός, ἀλλὰ τοῦ Κυρίου ἦν· καὶ ὅτι ἀνθρώπου γενομένου, ἔπρεπε καὶ ταῦτα ὡς περὶ ἀνθρώπου λέγεσθαι, ἵνα ἀληθείᾳ καὶ μὴ φαντασίᾳ σῶμα ἔχων φαίνηται. Ἀλλ' ὥσπερ ἐκ τούτων ἐγινώσκετο σωματικῶς παρών, οὕτως ἐκ τῶν ἔργων ὧν ἐποίει διὰ τοῦ σώματος, Υἱὸν Θεοῦ ἑαυτὸν ἐγνώριζεν. Ὅθεν καὶ πρὸς τοὺς ἀπίστους Ἰουδαίους ἐβόα λέγων· “Εἰ οὐ ποιῶ τὰ ἔργα τοῦ Πατρός μου, μὴ πιστεύη τέ μοι· εἰ δὲ ποιῶ, κἂν ἐμοὶ μὴ πιστεύητε, τοῖς ἔργοις μου πιστεύσατε· ἵνα γνῶτε καὶ γινώσκητε, ὅτι ἐν ἐμοὶ ὁ Πατὴρ κἀγὼ ἐν τῷ Πατρί.” Ὡς γὰρ ἀόρατος ὤν, ἀπὸ τῶν τῆς κτίσεως ἔργων γινώσκεται, οὕτως ἄνθρωπος γενόμενος, καὶ ἐν σώματι μὴ ὁρώμενος, ἐκ τῶν ἔργων ἂν γνωσθείη ὅτι οὐκ ἄνθρωπος ἀλλὰ Θεοῦ ∆ύναμις καὶ Λόγος ἐστὶν ὁ ταῦτα ἐργαζόμενος. Τὸ γὰρ ἐπιτάσσειν αὐτὸν τοῖς δαίμοσι, κἀκείνους ἀπελαύνεσθαι, οὐκ ἀνθρώπινον ἀλλὰ θεῖόν ἐστι τὸ ἔργον. Ἢ τίς ἰδὼν αὐτὸν τὰς νόσους ἰώμενον, ἐν αἷς ὑπόκειται τὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων γένος, ἔτι ἄνθρωπον καὶ οὐ Θεὸν ἡγεῖτο; Λεπροὺς γὰρ ἐκαθάριζε, χωλοὺς περιπατεῖν ἐποίει, κωφῶν τὴν ἀκοὴν ἤνοιγε, τυφλοὺς ἀναβλέπειν ἐποίει, καὶ πάσας ἁπλῶς νόσους καὶ πᾶσαν μαλακίαν ἀπήλαυνεν ἀπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων, ἀφ' ὧν ἦν αὐτοῦ καὶ τὸν τυχόντα τὴν θεότητα θεωρεῖν. Τίς γὰρ ἰδὼν αὐτὸν ἀποδιδόντα τὸ λεῖπον, οἷς ἡ γένεσις ἐνέλειψε, καὶ τοῦ ἐκ γενετῆς τυφλοῦ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς ἀνοίγοντα, οὐκ ἂν ἐνενόησε τὴν ἀνθρώπων ὑποκειμένην αὐτῷ γένεσιν, καὶ ταύτης εἶναι τοῦτον ∆ημιουργὸν καὶ Ποιητήν; Ὁ γὰρ τὸ μὴ ὃ ἐκ γενέ-σεως ἔσχεν ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἀποδιδούς, δῆλος ἂν εἴη πάντως ὅτι Κύριος οὗτός ἐστι καὶ τῆς γενέσεως τῶν ἀνθρώπων. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ ἐν ἀρχῇ κατερχόμενος πρὸς ἡμᾶς, ἐκ παρ θένου πλάττει ἑαυτῷ τὸ σῶμα, ἵνα μὴ μικρὸν τῆς θεότητος αὐτοῦ γνώρισμα πᾶσι παράσχῃ, ὅτι ὁ τοῦτο πλάσας αὐτός ἐστι καὶ τῶν ἄλλων Ποιητής. Τίς γὰρ ἰδὼν χωρὶς ἀνδρὸς ἐκ παρθένου μόνης προερχόμενον σῶμα, οὐκ ἐνθυμεῖται τὸν ἐν τούτῳ φαινόμενον εἶναι καὶ τῶν ἄλλων σωμάτων Ποιητὴν καὶ Κύριον; Τίς δὲ ἰδὼν καὶ τὴν ὑδάτων ἀλλασσομένην οὐσίαν, καὶ εἰς οἶνον μεταβάλλουσαν, οὐκ ἐννοεῖ τὸν τοῦτο ποιήσαντα Κύριον εἶναι καὶ Κτίστην τῆς τῶν ὅλων ὑδάτων οὐσίας; διὰ τοῦτο γὰρ ὡς ∆εσπότης ἐπέβαινε καὶ τῇ θαλάσσῃ, καὶ περιεπάτει ὡς ἐπὶ γῆς, γνώρισμα τῆς ἐπὶ πάντα δεσ ποτείας αὐτοῦ τοῖς ὁρῶσι παρέχων. Τρέφων δὲ καὶ ἐξ ὀλί γων τοσοῦτον πλῆθος, καὶ ἐξ ἀπόρων εὐπορῶν αὐτός, ὥστε ἀπὸ πέντε ἄρτων πεντακισχιλίους κορεσθῆναι, καὶ ἄλλο τοσοῦτο καταλεῖψαι, οὐδὲν ἕτερον ἢ αὐτὸν εἶναι καὶ τὸν τῆς ὅλων προνοίας Κύριον ἐγνώριζε.