Chapter XVIII.—Introduction to Proverbs viii. 22continued. Contrast between the Father’s operations immediately and naturally in the Son, instrumentally by the creatures; Scripture terms illustrative of this. Explanation of these illustrations; which should be interpreted by the doctrine of the Church; perverse sense put on them by the Arians, refuted. Mystery of Divine Generation. Contrast between God’s Word and man’s word drawn out at length. Asterius betrayed into holding two Unoriginates; his inconsistency. Baptism how by the Son as well as by the Father. On the Baptism of heretics. Why Arian worse than other heresies.

31. But the sentiment of Truth575    §35, note 2. in this matter must not be hidden, but must have high utterance. For the Word of God was not made for us, but rather we for Him, and ‘in Him all things were created576    Col. i. 16..’ Nor for that we were weak, was He strong and made by the Father alone, that He might frame us by means of Him as an instrument; perish the thought! it is not so. For though it had seemed good to God not to make things originate, still had the Word been no less with God, and the Father in Him. At the same time, things originate could not without the Word be brought to be; hence they were made through Him,—and reasonably. For since the Word is the Son of God by nature proper to His essence, and is from Him, and in Him577    De Syn. 42, note 1., as He said Himself, the creatures could not have come to be, except through Him. For as the light enlightens all things by its radiance, and without its radiance nothing would be illuminated, so also the Father, as by a hand578    ὡς διὰ χειρός. vid. supr. p. 155, note 6. And so in Orat. iv. 26, a. de Incarn. contr. Arian. 12. a. κραταιὰ χεὶρ τοῦ πατρός. Method. de Creat. ap. Phot. cod. 235. p. 937. Iren. Hær. iv. 20. n. 1. v. 1 fin. and. 5. n. 2. and 6. n. 1. Clement. Protrept. p. 93. (ed. Potter.) Tertull. contr. Hermog. 45. Cypr. Testim. ii. 4. Euseb. in Psalm cviii. 27. Clement. Recogn. viii. 43. Clement. Hom. xvi. 12. Cyril. Alex. frequently, e.g. in Joan. pp. 876, 7. Thesaur. p. 154. Pseudo-Basil. χεῖρ δημιουργικὴ, contr. Eunom. v. p. 297. Job. ap. Phot. 222. p. 582. and August. in Joann. 48, 7. though he prefers another use of the word., in the Word wrought all things, and without Him makes nothing. For instance, God said, as Moses relates, ‘Let there be light,’ and ‘Let the waters be gathered together,’ and ‘let the dry land appear,’ and ‘Let Us make man579    Gen. i. 3, 9, 26.;’ as also Holy David in the Psalm, ‘He spake and they were made; He commanded and they were created580    Ps. clxviii. 5..’ And He spoke581    Vid. de Decr. 9. contr. Gent. 46. Iren. Hær. iii. 8. n. 3. Origen contr. Cels. ii. 9. Tertull. adv. Prax. 12. fin. Patres Antioch. ap. Routh t. 2. p. 468. Prosper in Psalm. 148. (149.) Basil. de Sp. S. n. 20. Hilar. Trin. iv. 16. vid. supr. §22, note. Didym. de Sp. S. 36. August. de Trin. i. 26. On this mystery vid. Petav. Trin. vi. 4., not that, as in the case of men, some under-worker might hear, and learning the will of Him who spoke might go away and do it; for this is what is proper to creatures, but it is unseemly so to think or speak of the Word. For the Word of God is Framer and Maker, and He is the Father’s Will582    βουλή. And so βούλησις presently; and ζῶσα βουλή, supr. 2. and Orat. iii. 63. fin. and so Cyril Thes. p. 54, who uses it expressly (as it is always used by implication), in contrast to the κατὰ βούλησιν of the Arians, though Athan. uses κατὰ τὸ βούλημα, e.g. Orat. iii. 31. where vid. note; αὐτὸς τοῦ πατρὸς θέλημα. Nyss. contr. Eunom. xii. p. 345. The principle to be observed in the use of such words is this; that we must ever speak of the Father’s will, command, &c., and the Son’s fulfilment, assent, &c., as one act. vid. notes on Orat. iii. 11 and 15. infr. [Cf. p. 87. note 2.]. Hence it is that divine Scripture says not that one heard and answered, as to the manner or nature of the things which He wished made; but God only said, ‘Let it become,’ and he adds, ‘And it became;’ for what He thought good and counselled, that forthwith the Word began to do and to finish. For when God commands others, whether the Angels, or converses with Moses, or commands Abraham, then the hearer answers; and the one says, ‘Whereby shall I know583    Gen. xv. 8.?’ and the other, ‘Send some one else584    Ex. iv. 13.;’ and again, ‘If they ask me, what is His Name, what shall I say to them585    Ib. iii. 13.?’ and the Angel said to Zacharias, ‘Thus saith the Lord586    Zech. i. 3, 12.;’ and he asked the Lord, ‘O Lord of hosts, how long wilt Thou not have mercy on Jerusalem?’ and waits to hear good words and comfortable. For each of these has the Mediator587    §16, note 7. Word, and the Wisdom of God which makes known the will of the Father. But when that Word Himself works and creates, then there is no questioning and answer, for the Father is in Him and the Word in the Father; but it suffices to will, and the work is done; so that the word ‘He said’ is a token of the will for our sake, and ‘It was so,’ denotes the work which is done through the Word and the Wisdom, in which Wisdom also is the Will of the Father. And ‘God said’ is explained in ‘the Word,’ for, he says, ‘Thou hast made all things in Wisdom;’ and ‘By the Word of the Lord were the heavens made fast;’ and ‘There is one Lord Jesus Christ, by whom are all things, and we by Him588    Ps. civ. 24; xxxiii. 6; 1 Cor. viii. 6.’

32. It is plain from this that the Arians are not fighting with us about their heresy; but while they pretend us, their real fight is against the Godhead Itself. For if the voice were ours which says, ‘This it My Son589    Vid. Matt. xvii. 5.,’ small were our complaint of them; but if it is the Father’s voice, and the disciples heard it, and the Son too says of Himself, ‘Before all the mountains He begat me590    Prov. viii. 25, LXX.,’ are they not fighting against God, as the giants591    τοὺς μυθευομένους γίγαντας, vid. supr. de Decr. fin. Also ὡς τοὺς γίγαντας Orat.iii. 42. In Hist. Arian. 74. he calls Constantius a γίγας. The same idea is implied in the word θεομάχος so frequently applied to Arianism, as in this sentence. in story, having their tongue, as the Psalmist says, a sharp sword592    Ps. lvii. 4. for irreligion? For they neither feared the voice of the Father, nor reverenced the Saviour’s words, nor trusted the Saints, one of whom writes, ‘Who being the Brightness of His glory and the Expression of His subsistence,’ and ‘Christ the power of God and the Wisdom of God593    Heb. i. 3; 1 Cor. i. 24.;’ and another says in the Psalm, ‘With Thee is the well of life, and in Thy Light shall we see light,’ and ‘Thou madest all things in Wisdom594    Ps. xxxvi. 9; civ. 24.;’ and the Prophets say, ‘And the Word of the Lord came to me595    Jer. ii. 1.;’ and John, ‘In the beginning was the Word;’ and Luke, ‘As they delivered them unto us which from the beginning were eye-witnesses and ministers of the Word596    John i. 1; Luke i. 2.;’ and as David again says, ‘He sent His Word and healed them597    Ps. cvii. 20..’ All these passages proscribe in every light the Arian heresy, and signify the eternity of the Word, and that He is not foreign but proper to the Father’s Essence. For when saw any one light without radiance? or who dares to say that the expression can be different from the subsistence? or has not a man himself lost his mind598    Vid. p. 150, n. 6, also Gent. 40 fin. where what is here, as commonly, applied to the Arians, is, before the rise of Arianism, applied to unbelievers. who even entertains the thought that God was ever without Reason and without Wisdom? For such illustrations and such images has Scripture proposed, that, considering the inability of human nature to comprehend God, we might be able to form ideas even from these however poorly and dimly, and as far as is attainable599    Vid. de Decr. 12, 16, notes i. 26, n. 2, ii. 36, n. 1. de Syn. 41, n. 1. In illud Omnia 3 fin. vid. also 6. Aug. Confess. xiii. 11. And again, Trin. xv. 39. And S. Basil contr. Eunom. ii. 17.. And as the creation contains abundant matter for the knowledge of the being of a God and a Providence (‘for by the greatness and beauty of the creatures proportionably the Maker of them is seen600    Wisd. xiii. 5.’), and we learn from them without asking for voices, but hearing the Scriptures we believe, and surveying the very order and the harmony of all things, we acknowledge that He is Maker and Lord and God of all, and apprehend His marvellous Providence and governance over all things; so in like manner about the Son’s Godhead, what has been above said is sufficient, and it becomes superfluous, or rather it is very mad to dispute about it, or to ask in an heretical way, How can the Son be from eternity? or how can He be from the Father’s Essence, yet not a part? since what is said to be of another, is a part of him; and what is divided, is not whole.

33. These are the evil sophistries of the heterodox; yet, though we have already shewn their shallowness, the exact sense of these passages themselves and the force of these illustrations will serve to shew the baseless nature of their loathsome tenet. For we see that reason is ever, and is from him and proper to his essence, whose reason it is, and does not admit a before and an after. So again we see that the radiance from the sun is proper to it, and the sun’s essence is not divided or impaired; but its essence is whole and its radiance perfect and whole601    The Second Person in the Holy Trinity is not a quality of attribute or relation, but the One Eternal Substance; not a part of the First Person, but whole or entire God; nor does the generation impair the Father’s Substance, which is, antecedently to it, whole and entire God. Thus there are two Persons, in Each Other ineffably, Each being wholly one and the same Divine Substance, yet not being merely separate aspects of the Same, Each being God as absolutely as if there were no other Divine Person but Himself. Such a statement indeed is not only a contradiction in the terms used, but in our ideas, yet not therefore a contradiction in fact; unless indeed any one will say that human words can express in one formula, or human thought embrace in one idea, the unknown and infinite God. Basil. contr. Eun. i. 10. vid. infr. §38, n. 3., yet without impairing the essence of light, but as a true offspring from it. We understand in like manner that the Son is begotten not from without but from the Father, and while the Father remains whole, the Expression of His Subsistence is ever, and preserves the Father’s likeness and unvarying Image, so that he who sees Him, sees in Him the Subsistence too, of which He is the Expression. And from the operation of the Expression we understand the true Godhead of the Subsistence, as the Saviour Himself teaches when He says, ‘The Father who dwelleth in Me, He doeth the works602    John xiv. 10.’ which I do; and ‘I and the Father are one,’ and ‘I in the Father and the Father in Me603    John x. 30..’ Therefore let this Christ—opposing heresy attempt first to divide604    διελεῖν, vid. §25, note 3. the examples found in things originate, and say, ‘Once the sun was without his radiance,’ or, ‘Radiance is not proper to the essence of light,’ or ‘It is indeed proper, but it is a part of light by division; and then let it divide Reason, and pronounce that it is foreign to mind, or that once it was not, or that it was not proper to its essence, or that it is by division a part of mind.’ And so of His Expression and the Light and the Power, let it do violence to these as in the case of Reason and Radiance; and instead let it imagine what it will605    Hist. Ar. 52, n. 4.. But if such extravagance be impossible for them, are they not greatly beside themselves, presumptuously intruding into what is higher than things originate and their own nature, and essaying impossibilities606    In illud. Omn. 6. init.?

34. For if in the case of these originate and irrational things offsprings are found which are not parts of the essences from which they are, nor subsist with passion, nor impair the essences of their originals, are they not mad again in seeking and conjecturing parts and passions in the instance of the immaterial and true God, and ascribing divisions to Him who is beyond passion and change, thereby to perplex the ears of the simple607    Cf. p. 69, notes 7 and 8. and to pervert them from the Truth? for who hears of a son but conceives of that which is proper to the father’s essence? who heard, in his first catechising608    De Decr. 7, n. 2; De Syn. 3, n. 2; Or. i. 8., that God has a Son and has made all things by His proper Word, but understood it in that sense in which we now mean it? who on the rise of this odious heresy of the Arians, was not at once startled at what he heard, as strange609    He here makes the test of the truth of explicit doctrinal statements to lie in their not shocking, or their answering to the religious sense of the Christian., and a second sowing, besides that Word which had been sown from the beginning? For what is sown in every soul from the beginning is that God has a Son, the Word, the Wisdom, the Power, that is, His Image and Radiance; from which it at once follows that He is always; that He is from the Father; that He is like; that He is the eternal offspring of His essence; and there is no idea involved in these of creature or work. But when the man who is an enemy, while men slept, made a second sowing610    Vid. supr. de Decr. 2. n. 6. Tertullian de Carn. Christ. 17. S. Leo, as Athan. makes ‘seed’ in the parable apply peculiarly to faith in distinction to obedience. Serm. 69. 5 init., of ‘He is a creature,’ and ‘There was once when He was not,’ and ‘How can it be?’ thenceforth the wicked heresy of Christ’s enemies rose as tares, and forthwith, as bereft of every right thought, they meddle611    περιεργάζονται. This can scarcely be, as Newman suggests, an error of the press for περιέρχονται. The Latin translates ‘circumire cœperunt. like robbers, and venture to say, ‘How can the Son always exist with the Father?’ for men come of men and are sons, after a time; and the father is thirty years old, when the son begins to be, being begotten; and in short of every son of man, it is true that he was not before his generation. And again they whisper, ‘How can the Son be Word, or the Word be God’s Image? for the word of men is composed of syllables612    Orat. iv. 1., and only signifies the speaker’s will, and then is over613    πέπαυται, Orat. iv. 2. and is lost.’

35. They then afresh, as if forgetting the proofs which have been already urged against them, ‘pierce themselves through614    Vid. 1 Tim. vi. 10.’ with these bonds of irreligion, and thus argue. But the word of truth615    ὁ τῆς ἀληθείας λόγος ἐλέγχει. This and the like are usual forms of speech with Athan. and others. In some instances the words ἀλήθεια, λόγος, &c., are almost synonymous with the Regula Fidei; vid. παρὰ τὴν ἀλήθειαν, infr. 36. and Origen de Princ. Præf. 1. and 2. confutes them as follows:—if they were disputing concerning any man, then let them exercise reason in this human way, both concerning His Word and His Son; but if of God who created man, no longer let them entertain human thoughts, but others which are above human nature. For such as he that begets, such of necessity is the offspring; and such as is the Word’s Father, such must be also His Word. Now man, begotten in time, in time616    Orat. i. 21. also himself begets the child; and whereas from nothing he came to be, therefore his word617    For this contrast between the Divine Word and the human which is Its shadow, vid. also Orat. iv. 1. circ. fin. Iren. Hær. ii. 13. n. 8. Origen. in Joan. i. p. 25. e. Euseb. Demonstr. v. 5. p. 230. Cyril, Cat. xi. 10. Basil, Hom. xvi. 3. Nyssen contr. Eunom. xii. p. 350. Orat. Cat. i. p. 478. Damasc. F. O. i. 6. August. in Psalm xliv. 5. also is over and continues not. But God is not as man, as Scripture has said; but is existing and is ever; therefore also His Word is existing618    Vid. Serap. i. 28, a. and is everlastingly with the Father, as radiance of light. And man’s word is composed of syllables, and neither lives nor operates anything, but is only significant of the speaker’s intention, and does but go forth and go by, no more to appear, since it was not at all before it was spoken; wherefore the word of man neither lives nor operates anything, nor in short is man. And this happens to it, as I said before, because man who begets it, has his nature out of nothing. But God’s Word is not merely pronounced, as one may say, nor a sound of accents, nor by His Son is meant His command619    §31, n. 7.; but as radiance of light, so is He perfect offspring from perfect620    De Syn. 24, n. 9; infr. 36. note.. Hence He is God also, as being God’s Image; for ‘the Word was God621    John i. 1.’ says Scripture. And man’s words avail not for operation; hence man works not by means of words but of hands, for they have being, and man’s word subsists not. But the ‘Word of God,’ as the Apostle says, ‘is living and powerful and sharper than any two-edged sword, piercing even to the dividing asunder of soul and spirit, and of the joints and marrow, and is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart. Neither is there any creature that is not manifest in His sight; but all things are naked and opened unto the eyes of Him with whom we have to do.622    Heb. iv. 12, 13.’ He is then Framer of all, ‘and without Him was made not one thing623    John i. 3.,’ nor can anything be made without Him.

36. Nor must we ask why the Word of God is not such as our word, considering God is not such as we, as has been before said; nor again is it right to seek how the word is from God, or how He is God’s radiance, or how God begets, and what is the manner of His begetting624    Eusebius has some forcible remarks on this subject. As, he says, we do not know how God can create out of nothing, so we are utterly ignorant of the Divine Generation. It is written, He who believes, not he who knows, has eternal life. The sun’s radiance itself is but an earthly image, and gives us no true idea of that which is above all images. Eccl. Theol. i. 12. So has S. Greg. Naz. Orat. 29. 8. vid. also Hippol. in Noet. 16. Cyril, Cat. xi. 11. and 19. and Origen, according to Mosheim, Ante Const. p 619. And instances in Petav. de Trin. v. 6. §2. and 3.. For a man must be beside himself to venture on such points; since a thing ineffable and proper to God’s nature, and known to Him alone and to the Son, this he demands to be explained in words. It is all one as if they sought where God is, and how God is, and of what nature the Father is. But as to ask such questions is irreligious, and argues an ignorance of God, so it is not holy to venture such questions concerning the generation of the Son of God, nor to measure God and His Wisdom by our own nature and infirmity. Nor is a person at liberty on that account to swerve in his thoughts from the truth, nor, if any one is perplexed in such inquiries, ought he to disbelieve what is written. For it is better in perplexity to be silent and believe, than to disbelieve on account of the perplexity: for he who is perplexed may in some way obtain mercy625    Cf. August. Ep. 43. init. vid. also de Bapt. contr. Don. iv. 23., because, though he has questioned, he has yet kept quiet; but when a man is led by his perplexity into forming for himself doctrines which beseem not, and utters what is unworthy of God, such daring recurs a sentence without mercy. For in such perplexities divine Scripture is able to afford him some relief, so as to take rightly what is written, and to dwell upon our word as an illustration; that as it is proper to us and is from us, and not a work external to us, so also God’s Word is proper to Him and from Him, and is not a work; and yet is not like the word of man, or else we must suppose God to be man. For observe, many and various are men’s words which pass away day by day; because those that come before others continue not, but vanish. Now this happens because their authors are men, and have seasons which pass away, and ideas which are successive; and what strikes them first and second, that they utter; so that they have many words, and yet after them all nothing at all remaining; for the speaker ceases, and his word forthwith is spent. But God’s Word is one and the same, and, as it is written, ‘The Word of God endureth for ever626    Vid. Ps. cxix. 89,’ not changed, not before or after other, but existing the same always. For it was fitting, whereas God is One, that His Image should be One also, and His Word One and One His Wisdom627    Vid. supr. 35. Orat. iv. 1. also presently, ‘He is likeness and image of the sole and true God, being Himself also,’ 49. μόνος ἐν μόνῳ, Orat. iii. 21. ὅλος ὅλου εἰκών. Serap. i. 16, a. ‘The Offspring of the Ingenerate,’ says S. Hilary, ‘is One from One, True from True, Living from Living, Perfect from Perfect, Power of Power, Wisdom of Wisdom, Glory of Glory.’ de Trin. ii. 8. τέλειος τέλειον γεγέννηκεν, πνεῦμα πνεῦμα. Epiph. Hær. p. 495. ‘As Light from Light, and Life from Life, and Good from Good; so from Eternal Eternal. Nyss. contr. Eunom. i. p. 164. App..

37. Wherefore I am in wonder how, whereas God is One, these men introduce, after their private notions, many images and wisdoms and words628    πολλοὶ λόγοι, vid. de Decr. 16, n. 4. infr. 39 init. and οὐδ᾽ ἐκ πολλῶν εἷς, Sent. D. 25. a. also Ep. Æg. 14. c. Origen in Joan. tom. ii. 3. Euseb. Demonstr. v. 5. p. 229 fin. contr. Marc. p. 4 fin. contr. Sabell. init. August. in Joan. Tract. i. 8. also vid. Philo’s use of λόγοι for Angels as commented on by Burton, Bampt. Lect. p. 556. The heathens called Mercury by the name of λόγος. vid. Benedictine note f. in Justin, Ap. i. 21., and say that the Father’s proper and natural Word is other than the Son, by whom He even made the Son629    This was the point in which Arians and [Marcellus] agreed, vid infr. Orat. iv. init. also §§22, 40, and de Decr. 24, n. 9, also Sent D. 25. Ep. Æg. 14 fin. Epiph. Hær. 72. p. 835. b. and that He who is really Son is but notionally630    That is, they allowed Him to be ‘really Son,’ and argued that He was but ‘notionally Word.’ vid. §19, n. 3. called Word, as vine, and way, and door, and tree of life; and that He is called Wisdom also in name, the proper and true Wisdom of the Father, which coexist ingenerately631    ἀγεννήτως, vid. Euseb. Eccl. Theol. p. 106. d. with Him, being other than the Son, by which He even made the Son, and named Him Wisdom as partaking of it. This they have not confined to words, but Arius composed in his Thalia, and the Sophist Asterius wrote, what we have stated above, as follows: ‘Blessed Paul said not that he preached Christ, the Power of God or the Wisdom of God,’ but without the addition of the article, ‘God’s power’ and ‘God’s wisdom632    1 Cor. i. 24.,’ thus preaching that the proper Power of God Himself which is natural to Him, and co-existent in Him ingenerately, is something besides, generative indeed of Christ, and creative of the whole world, concerning which he teaches in his Epistle to the Romans thus,—‘The invisible things of Him from the creation of the world are clearly seen, being understood by the things that are made, even His eternal Power and Godhead633    Rom. i. 20..’ For as no one would say that the Godhead there mentioned was Christ, but the Father Himself, so, as I think, ‘His eternal Power and Godhead also is not the Only Begotten Son, but the Father who begat Him634    Or. i. 11, n. 7..’ And he teaches that there is another power and wisdom of God, manifested through Christ. And shortly after the same Asterius says, ‘However His eternal power and wisdom, which truth argues to be without beginning and ingenerate, the same must surely be one. For there are many wisdoms which are one by one created by Him, of whom Christ is the first-born and only-begotten; all however equally depend on their Possessor. And all the powers are rightly called His who created and uses them:—as the Prophet says that the locust, which came to be a divine punishment of human sins, was called by God Himself not only a power, but a great power; and blessed David in most of the Psalms invites, not the Angels alone, but the Powers to praise God.’

38. Now are they not worthy of all hatred for merely uttering this? for if, as they hold, He is Son, not because He is begotten of the Father and proper to His Essence, but that He is called Word only because of things rational635    λογικά, vid. Ep. Æg. 13 fin., and Wisdom because of things gifted with wisdom, and Power because of things gifted with power, surely He must be named a Son because of those who are made sons: and perhaps because there are things existing, He has even His existence636    Of course this line of thought consistently followed, leads to a kind of Pantheism; for what is the Supreme Being, according to it, but an ideal standard of perfection, the sum total of all that we see excellent in the world in the highest degree, a creation of our minds, without real objective existence? The true view of our Lord’s titles, on the other hand, is that He is That properly and in perfection, of which in measure and degree the creatures partake from and in Him. Vid. supr. de Decr. 17, n. 5., in our notions only637    κατ᾽ ἐπίνοιαν, in idea or notion. This is a phrase of very frequent occurrence, both in Athan. and other writers. We have found it already just above, and de Syn. 15. Or. i. 9, also Orat. iv. 2, 3. de Sent. D. 2, Ep. Æg 12, 13, 14. It denotes our idea or conception of a thing in contrast to the thing itself. Thus, the sun is to a savage a bright circle in the sky; a man is a ‘rational animal,’ according to a certain process of abstraction; a herb may be medicine upon one division, food in another; virtue may be called a mean; and faith is to one man an argumentative conclusion, to another a moral peculiarity, good or bad. In like manner, the Almighty is in reality most simple and uncompounded, without parts, passions, attributes, or properties; yet we speak of Him as good or holy, or as angry or pleased, denoting some particular aspect in which our infirmity views, in which also it can view, what is infinite and incomprehensible. That is, He is κατ᾽ ἐπίνοιαν holy or merciful, being in reality a Unity which is all mercifulness and also all holiness, not in the way of qualities but as one indivisible perfection; which is too great for us to conceive as It is.. And then after all what is He? for He is none of these Himself, if they are but His names638    §19.: and He has but a semblance of being, and is decorated with these names from us. Rather this is some recklessness of the devil, or worse, if they are not unwilling that they should truly subsist themselves, but think that God’s Word is but in name. Is not this portentous, to say that Wisdom coexists with the Father, yet not to say that this is the Christ, but that there are many created powers and wisdoms, of which one is the Lord whom they go on to compare to the caterpillar and locust? and are they not profligate, who, when they hear us say that the Word coexists with the Father, forthwith murmur out, ‘Are you not speaking of two Unoriginates?’ yet in speaking themselves of ‘His Unoriginate Wisdom,’ do not see that they have already incurred themselves the charge which they so rashly urge against us639    The Anomœan in Max. Dial. i. a. urges against the Catholic that, if the Son exists in the Father, God is compound. Athan. here retorts that Asterius speaks of Wisdom as a really existing thing in the Divine Mind. Vid. next note.? Moreover, what folly is there in that thought of theirs, that the Unoriginate Wisdom coexisting with God is God Himself! for what coexists does not coexist with itself, but with some one else, as the Evangelists say of the Lord, that He was together with His disciples; for He was not together with Himself, but with His disciples;—unless indeed they would say that God is of a compound nature, having wisdom a constituent or complement of His Essence, unoriginate as well as Himself640    On this subject vid. Orat. iv. n. 2. Nothing is more remarkable than the confident tone in which Athan. accuses Arians as here, and [Marcellus] in Orat. iv. 2. of considering the Divine Nature as compound, as if the Catholics were in no respect open to such a charge. Nor are they; though in avoiding it, they are led to enunciate the most profound and ineffable mystery. Vid. supr. §33, n. 1. The Father is the One Simple Entire Divine Being, and so is the Son; They do in no sense share divinity between Them; Each is ὅλος Θεός. This is not ditheism or tritheism, for they are the same God; nor is it Sabellianism, for They are eternally distinct and substantive Persons; but it is a depth and height beyond our intellect, how what is Two in so full a sense can also in so full a sense be One, or how the Divine Nature does not come under number. vid. notes on Orat. iii. 27 and 36. Thus, ‘being uncompounded in nature,’ says Athan. ‘He is Father of One Only Son.’ de Decr. 11. In truth the distinction into Persons, as Petavius remarks, ‘avails especially towards the unity and simplicity of God.’ vid. de Deo, ii. 4, 8., which moreover they pretend to be the framer of the world, that so they may deprive the Son of the framing of it. For there is nothing they would not maintain, sooner than hold the truth concerning the Lord.

39. For where at all have they found in divine Scripture, or from whom have they heard, that there is another Word and another Wisdom besides this Son, that they should frame to themselves such a doctrine? True, indeed, it is written, ‘Are not My words like fire, and like a hammer that breaketh the rock in pieces641    Jer. xxiii. 29.?’ and in the Proverbs, ‘I will make known My words unto you642    Prov. i. 23.;’ but these are precepts and commands, which God has spoken to the saints through His proper and only true Word, concerning which the Psalmist said, ‘I have refrained my feet from every evil way, that I may keep Thy words643    Ps. cxix. 101..’ Such words accordingly the Saviour signifies to be distinct from Himself, when He says in His own person, ‘The words which I have spoken unto you644    Joh. vi. 63..’ For certainly such words are not offsprings or sons, nor are there so many words that frame the world, nor so many images of the One God, nor so many who have become men for us, nor as if from many such there were one who has become flesh, as John says; but as being the only Word of God was He preached by John, ‘The Word was made flesh,’ and ‘all things were made by Him645    John i. 14, 3..’ Wherefore of Him alone, our Lord Jesus Christ, and of His oneness with the Father, are written and set forth the testimonies, both of the Father signifying that the Son is One, and of the saints, aware of this and saying that the Word is One, and that He is Only-Begotten. And His works also are set forth; for all things, visible and invisible, have been brought to be through Him, and ‘without Him was made not one thing646    Cf. Orat. i. 19, note 5..’ But concerning another or any one else they have not a thought, nor frame to themselves words or wisdoms, of which neither name nor deed are signified by Scripture, but are named by these only. For it is their invention and Christ-opposing surmise, and they make the most647    καταχρῶνται, vid. supr. p. 154, note 3. of the name of the Word and the Wisdom; and framing to themselves others, they deny the true Word of God, and the real and only Wisdom of the Father, and thereby, miserable men, rival the Manichees. For they too, when they behold the works of God, deny Him the only and true God, and frame to themselves another, whom they can shew neither by work, nor in any testimony drawn from the divine oracles.

40. Therefore, if neither in the divine oracles is found another wisdom besides this Son, nor from the fathers648    Ib. note 2. have we heard of any such, yet they have confessed and written of the Wisdom coexisting with the Father unoriginately, proper to Him, and the Framer of the world, this must be the Son who even according to them is eternally coexistent with the Father. For He is Framer of all, as it is written, ‘In Wisdom hast Thou made them all649    Ps. civ. 24..’ Nay, Asterius himself, as if forgetting what he wrote before, afterwards, in Caiaphas’s650    Vid. John xi. 50 fashion, involuntarily, when urging the Greeks, instead of naming many wisdoms, or the caterpillar, confesses but one, in these words;—‘God the Word is one, but many are the things rational; and one is the essence and nature of Wisdom, but many are the things wise and beautiful.’ And soon afterwards he says again:—‘Who are they whom they honour with the title of God’s children? for they will not say that they too are words, nor maintain that there are many wisdoms. For it is not possible, whereas the Word is one, and Wisdom has been set forth as one, to dispense to the multitude of children the Essence of the Word, and to bestow on them the appellation of Wisdom.’ It is not then at all wonderful, that the Arians should battle with the truth, when they have collisions with their own principles and conflict with each other, at one time saying that there are many wisdoms, at another maintaining one; at one time classing wisdom with the caterpillar, at another saying that it coexists with the Father and is proper to Him; now that the Father alone is unoriginate, and then again that His Wisdom and His Power are unoriginate also. And they battle with us for saying that the Word of God is ever, yet forget their own doctrines, and say themselves that Wisdom coexists with God unoriginately651    Asterius held, 1. that there was an Attribute called Wisdom; 2. that the Son was created by and called after that Attribute; or 1. that Wisdom was ingenerate and eternal, 2. that there were created wisdoms, words, powers many, of which the Son was one.. So dizzied652    σκοτοδινιῶσι, Orat. iii. 42. init. are they in all these matters, denying the true Wisdom, and inventing one which is not, as the Manichees who make to themselves another God, after denying Him that is.

41. But let the other heresies and the Manichees also know that the Father of the Christ is One, and is Lord and Maker of the creation through His proper Word. And let the Ario-maniacs know in particular, that the Word of God is One, being the only Son proper and genuine from His Essence, and having with His Father the oneness of Godhead indivisible, as we said many times, being taught it by the Saviour Himself. Since, were it not so, wherefore through Him does the Father create, and in Him reveal Himself to whom He will, and illuminate them? or why too in the baptismal consecration is the Son named together with the Father? For if they say that the Father is not all-sufficient, then their answer is irreligious653    He says that it is contrary to all our notions of religion that Almighty God cannot create, enlighten, address, and unite Himself to His creatures immediately. This seems to be implied in saying that the Son was created for creation, illumination, &c.; whereas in the Catholic view the Son is but that Divine Person who in the Economy of grace is creator, enlightener, &c. God is represented all-perfect but acting according to a certain divine order. This is explained just below. Here the remark is in point about the right and wrong sense of the words ‘commanding,’ ‘obeying,’ &c. supr. §31, note 7., but if He be, for this it is right to say, what is the need of the Son for framing the worlds, or for the holy laver? For what fellowship is there between creature and Creator? or why is a thing made classed with the Maker in the consecration of all of us? or why, as you hold, is faith in one Creator and in one creature delivered to us? for if it was that we might be joined to the Godhead, what need of the creature? but if that we might be united to the Son a creature, superfluous, according to you, is this naming of the Son in Baptism, for God who made Him a Son is able to make us sons also. Besides, if the Son be a creature, the nature of rational creatures being one, no help will come to creatures from a creature654    §16, note 7., since all655    Supr. p. 162, note 3. need grace from God. We said a few words just now on the fitness that all things should be made by Him; but since the course of the discussion has led us also to mention holy Baptism, it is necessary to state, as I think and believe, that the Son is named with the Father, not as if the Father were not all-sufficient, not without meaning, and by accident; but, since He is God’s Word and own Wisdom, and being His Radiance, is ever with the Father, therefore it is impossible, if the Father bestows grace, that He should not give it in the Son, for the Son is in the Father as the radiance in the light. For, not as if in need, but as a Father in His own Wisdom hath God founded the earth, and made all things in the Word which is from Him, and in the Son confirms the Holy Laver. For where the Father is, there is the Son, and where the light, there the radiance; and as what the Father worketh, He worketh through the Son656    Vid. notes on Orat. iii. 1–15. e.g. and 11 and 15., and the Lord Himself says, ‘What I see the Father do, that do I also;’ so also when baptism is given, whom the Father baptizes, him the Son baptizes; and whom the Son baptizes, he is consecrated in the Holy Ghost657    Orat. iii. 15. note.. And again as when the sun shines, one might say that the radiance illuminates, for the light is one and indivisible, nor can be detached, so where the Father is or is named, there plainly is the Son also; and is the Father named in Baptism? then must the Son be named with Him658    Vid. supr. 33, note 1. and notes on iii. 3–6. ‘When the Father is mentioned, His Word is with Him, and the Spirit who is in the Son. And if the Son be named, in the Son is the Father, and the Spirit is not external to the Word.’ ad Serap. i. 14. and vid. Hil. Trin. vii. 31. Passages like these are distinct from such as the one quoted from Athan. supr. p. 76, note 3, where it is said that in ‘Father’ is implied ‘Son,’ i.e. argumentatively as a correlative. vid. Sent. D. 17. de Decr. 19, n. 6. The latter accordingly Eusebius does not scruple to admit in Sabell. i. ap. Sirm. t. i. p. 8, a. ‘Pater statim, ut dictus fuit pater, requirit ista vox filium, &c.;’ for here no περιχώρησις is implied, which is the doctrine of the text, and is not the doctrine of an Arian who considered the Son an instrument. Yet Petavius observes as to the very wordπεριχ. that one of its first senses in ecclesiastical writers was this which Arians would not disclaim; its use to express the Catholic doctrine here spoken of was later. vid. de Trin. iv. 16..

42. Therefore, when He made His promise to the saints, He thus spoke; ‘I and the Father will come, and make Our abode in him;’ and again, ‘that, as I and Thou are One, so they may be one in Us.’ And the grace given is one, given from the Father in the Son, as Paul writes in every Epistle, ‘Grace unto you, and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ659    Vid. John xiv. 23, and John xvii. 21; Rom. i. 7, &c..’ For the light must be with the ray, and the radiance must be contemplated together with its own light. Whence the Jews, as denying the Son as well as they, have not the Father either; for, as having left the ‘Fountain of Wisdom660    Bar. iii. 12.,’ as Baruch reproaches them, they put from them the Wisdom springing from it, our Lord Jesus Christ (for ‘Christ,’ says the Apostle, is ‘God’s power and God’s wisdom661    1 Cor. i. 24.),’ when they said, ‘We have no king but Cæsar662    John xix. 15..’ The Jews then have the penal award of their denial; for their city as well as their reasoning came to nought. And these too hazard the fulness of the mystery, I mean Baptism; for if the consecration is given to us into the Name of Father and Son, and they do not confess a true Father, because they deny what is from Him and like His Essence, and deny also the true Son, and name another of their own framing as created out of nothing, is not the rite administered by them altogether empty and unprofitable, making a show, but in reality being no help towards religion? For the Arians do not baptize into Father and Son, but into Creator and creature, and into Maker and work663    De Decr. 31; Or. i. 34.. And as a creature is other than the Son, so the Baptism, which is supposed to be given by them, is other than the truth, though they pretend to name the Name of the Father and the Son, because of the words of Scripture, For not he who simply says, ‘O Lord,’ gives Baptism; but he who with the Name has also the right faith664    The prima facie sense of this passage is certainly unfavourable to the validity of heretical baptism; vid. Coust. Pont. Rom. Ep. p. 227. Voss. de Bapt. Disp. 19 and 20. Forbes Instruct. Theol. x. 2, 3, and 12. Hooker’s Eccl. Pol. v. 62. §5–11. On Arian Baptism in particular vid. Jablonski’s Diss. Opusc. t. iv. p. 113. [And, in violent contrast to Athan., Siricius (bishop of Rome) letter to Himerius, a.d. 385. (Coust. 623.)]. On this account therefore our Saviour also did not simply command to baptize, but first says, ‘Teach;’ then thus: ‘Baptize into the Name of Father, and Son, and Holy Ghost;’ that the right faith might follow upon learning, and together with faith might come the consecration of Baptism.

43. There are many other heresies too, which use the words only, but not in a right sense, as I have said, nor with sound faith665    τὴν π. ὑγιαινούσαν. Dep. Ar. 5, note 6., and in consequence the water which they administer is unprofitable, as deficient in piety, so that he who is sprinkled666    ῥαντιζόμενον, Bingh. Antiqu. xi. 11. §5. by them is rather polluted667    Cf. Cyprian, Ep. 76 fin. (ed. Ben.) and Ep. 71 cir. init. Optatus ad Parmen. i. 12. by irreligion than redeemed. So Gentiles also, though the name of God is on their lips, incur the charge of Atheism668    ἀθεότητος. vid. supr. de Decr. 1, note 1, Or. i. 4, note 1. ‘Atheist’ or rather ‘godless’ was the title given by pagans to those who denied, and by the Fathers to those who professed, polytheism. Thus Julian says that Christians preferred ‘atheism to godliness.’ vid. Suicer Thes. in voc., because they know not the real and very God, the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ. So Manichees and Phrygians669    Montanists., and the disciples of the Samosatene, though using the Names, nevertheless are heretics, and the Arians follow in the same course, though they read the words of Scripture, and use the Names, yet they too mock those who receive the rite from them, being more irreligious than the other heresies, and advancing beyond them, and making them seem innocent by their own recklessness of speech. For these other heresies lie against the truth in some certain respect, either erring concerning the Lord’s Body, as if He did not take flesh of Mary, or as if He has not died at all, nor become man, but only appeared, and was not truly, and seemed to have a body when He had not, and seemed to have the shape of man, as visions in a dream; but the Arians are without disguise irreligious against the Father Himself. For hearing from the Scriptures that His Godhead is represented in the Son as in an image, they blaspheme, saying, that it is a creature, and everywhere concerning that Image, they carry about670    περιφέρουσι, §34. n. 5. with them the phrase, ‘He was not,’ as mud in a wallet671    Instead of provisions., and spit it forth as serpents672    Cf. Ep. Æg. 19. Hist. Ar. 66. and so Arians are dogs (with allusion to 2 Pet. ii. 22.), de Decr. 4. Hist. Ar. 29. lions, Hist. Ar. 11. wolves, Ap. c. Arian. 49. hares, de Fug. 10. chameleons, de Decr. init. hydras, Orat. iii. 58 fin. eels, Ep. Æg. 7 fin. cuttlefish, Orat. iii. 59. gnats, de Decr. 14 init. Orat. iii. 59. init. beetles, Orat. iii. fin. leeches, Hist. Ar. 65 init. de Fug. 4. [swine, Or. ii. 1.] In many of these instances the allusion is to Scripture. On names given to heretics in general, vid. the Alphabetum bestialitatis hereticæ ex Patrum Symbolis, in the Calvinismus bestiarum religio attributed to Raynaudus and printed in the Apopompæus of his works. Vid. on the principle of such applications infr. Orat. iii. 18. their venom. Then, whereas their doctrine is nauseous to all men, forthwith, as a support against its fall, they prop up the heresy with human673    Orat. i. 9. patronage, that the simple, at the sight or even by the fear may overlook the mischief of their perversity. Right indeed is it to pity their dupes; well is it to weep over them, for that they sacrifice their own interest for that immediate phantasy which pleasures furnish, and forfeit their future hope. In thinking to be baptized into the name of one who exists not, they will receive nothing; and ranking themselves with a creature, from the creation they will have no help, and believing in one unlike674    Orat. iii. 4. note. and foreign to the Father in essence, to the Father they will not be joined, not having His own Son by nature, who is from Him, who is in the Father, and in whom the Father is, as He Himself has said; but being led astray by them, the wretched men henceforth remain destitute and stripped of the Godhead. For this phantasy of earthly goods will not follow them upon their death; nor when they see the Lord whom they have denied, sitting on His Father’s throne, and judging quick and dead, will they be able to call to their help any one of those who have now deceived them; for they shall see them also at the judgment-seat, repenting for their deeds of sin and irreligion.

Οὐ μὲν τό γε τῆς ἀληθείας φρόνημα δεῖ σιωπᾷν, ἀλλὰ μάλιστα τοῦτο καὶ μεγαληγορεῖν πρέπει. Ὁ τοῦ Θεοῦ γὰρ Λόγος οὐ δι' ἡμᾶς γέγονεν, ἀλλὰ μᾶλλον ἡμεῖς δι' αὐτὸν γεγόναμεν, καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ ἐκτίσθη τὰ πάντα· οὐδὲ διὰ τὴν ἡμῶν ἀσθένειαν οὗτος, ὢν δυνατὸς, ὑπὸ μόνου τοῦ Πατρὸς γέγονεν, ἵν' ἡμᾶς δι' αὐτοῦ ὡς δι' ὀργάνου δημιουργήσῃ· μὴ γένοιτο! οὐκ ἔστιν οὕτως. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ εἰ δόξαν ἦν τῷ Θεῷ μὴ ποιῆσαι τὰ γενητὰ, ἀλλ' ἦν οὐδὲν ἧττον ὁ Λόγος πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν, καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ ἦν ὁ Πατήρ. Τὰ μέντοι γενητὰ ἀδύνατον ἦν χωρὶς τοῦ Λόγου γενέ σθαι· οὕτω γὰρ καὶ γέγονε δι' αὐτοῦ, καὶ εἰκότως. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ Λόγος ἐστὶν ἴδιος φύσει τῆς οὐσίας τοῦ Θεοῦ ὁ Υἱὸς, ἐξ αὐτοῦ τέ ἐστι, καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ ἐστιν, ὡς εἶπεν αὐτός· οὐκ ἠδύνατο μὴ δι' αὐτοῦ γε νέσθαι τὰ δημιουργήματα. Καθάπερ γὰρ τὸ φῶς τῷ ἀπαυγάσματι τὰ πάντα φωτίζει, καὶ ἄνευ τοῦ ἀπαυγάσματος οὐκ ἄν τι φωτισθείη· οὕτω καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ, ὡς διὰ χειρὸς, ἐν τῷ Λόγῳ εἰργάσατο τὰ πάντα, καὶ χωρὶς αὐτοῦ οὐδὲν ποιεῖ. Εἶπε γοῦν ὁ Θεὸς, ὡς καὶ Μωϋσῆς ἐμνημόνευσε· γενηθήτω φῶς, καὶ, Συναχθήτω τὸ ὕδωρ, καὶ, Ἐξαγαγέτω ἡ γῆ, καί· Ποιήσωμεν ἄνθρωπον· ὡς καὶ ὁ ἅγιος ψάλ λει ∆αυΐδ· Αὐτὸς εἶπε, καὶ ἐγενήθησαν· αὐτὸς ἐνετείλατο, καὶ ἐκτίσθησαν. Εἶπε δὲ οὐχ ἵνα ὡς ἐπὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ὑπουργός τις ἀκούσῃ, καὶ μαθὼν τὸ βούλημα τοῦ λέγοντος ἀπελθὼν ἐργάσηται. Τοῦτο γὰρ τῶν μὲν κτισμάτων ἴδιον, ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ Λόγου τοῦτο νοεῖν ἢ λέγειν ἀπρεπές. Ἔστι γὰρ ὁ Λό γος τοῦ Θεοῦ δημιουργὸς, καὶ ποιητικὸς, καὶ αὐτός ἐστιν ἡ τοῦ Πατρὸς βουλή. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο γοῦν οὐκ εἶπεν ἡ θεία Γραφὴ, ὅτι ἤκουσε καὶ ἀπεκρίνατο ὁ ἀκούων, πῶς ἢ ποῖα βούλεται τὰ γινόμενα γενέσθαι· ἀλλὰ μόνον εἶπεν ὁ Θεὸς, Γενηθήτω· καὶ ἐπήγαγε· Καὶ ἐγένετο οὕτω. Τὸ γὰρ δόξαν καὶ βουληθὲν εὐ θὺς ἐγίνετο τῷ Λόγῳ καὶ ἀπηρτίζετο. Ὅταν μὲν γὰρ ὁ Θεὸς ἄλλοις ἢ ἀγγέλοις ἐντέλληται, ἢ τῷ Μωϋ σεῖ ὁμιλῇ, ἢ τῷ Ἀβραὰμ ἐπαγγέλληται· τότε ὁ ἀκούων ἀποκρίνεται· καὶ ὁ μὲν λέγει· Κατὰ τί γνώ σομαι; ὁ δέ· Προχείρισαι ἄλλον· καὶ πάλιν· Ἐὰν ἐρωτήσωσί με, Τί ὄνομα αὐτῷ; τί ἐρῶ πρὸς αὐτούς; Καὶ ὁ ἄγγελος τῷ μὲν Ζαχαρίᾳ ἔλεγε· Τάδε λέγει Κύριος· τὸν δὲ Κύριον ἠρώτα· Κύριε παντό κρατορ, ἕως τίνος οὐ μὴ ἐλεήσῃς τὴν Ἱερου σαλήμ; καὶ ἐκδέχεται ἀκοῦσαι λόγους καλοὺς καὶ παρακλητικούς. Ἔχει γὰρ τούτων ἕκαστος τὸν μεσίτην Λόγον, καὶ τὴν Σοφίαν τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν γνωρί ζουσαν τὸ βούλημα τοῦ Πατρός. Ὅταν δὲ ἐργάζηται αὐτὸς, καὶ κτίζῃ ὁ Λόγος, οὐκ ἔστιν ἐκεῖ ἐρώτησις καὶ ἀπόκρισις· ἐν αὐτῷ γάρ ἐστιν ὁ Πατὴρ, καὶ ὁ Λόγος ἐν τῷ Πατρί· ἀλλ' ἀρκεῖ τὸ βούλεσθαι, καὶ τὸ ἔργον γίνεται· ἵνα τοῦ μὲν βουλήματος ᾖ γνώ ρισμα δι' ἡμᾶς τὸ, Εἶπε, τὸ δὲ, Καὶ ἐγένετο οὕτω, τό τε ἔργον σημαίνηται τὸ διὰ τοῦ Λόγου καὶ τῆς Σοφίας, ἐν ᾗ καὶ ἡ βούλησίς ἐστι τοῦ Πατρός. Καὶ αὐτὸ δὲ τὸ, Εἶπεν ὁ Θεὸς, ἐν τῷ Λόγῳ γνωρίζεται· Πάντα γὰρ, φησὶν, ἐν Σοφίᾳ ἐποίησας· καὶ, Τῷ Λόγῳ Κυρίου οἱ οὐρανοὶ ἐστερεώθησαν, καὶ, Εἷς Κύριος Ἰησοῦς Χριστὸς, δι' οὗ τὰ πάντα, καὶ ἡμεῖς δι' αὐτοῦ. Ἀπὸ δὴ τούτων ἔστι συνορᾷν, ὡς οὐ πρὸς ἡμᾶς ἔχουσιν τὴν μάχην οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ περὶ τῆς αἱρέ σεως, ἀλλὰ σχηματίζονται μὲν πρὸς ἡμᾶς, πρὸς αὐτὴν δὲ τὴν Θεότητα μάχονται. Εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἡμῶν ἦν ἡ φωνὴ ἡ λέγουσα· Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ Υἱός μου, μικρὰ ἦν αὐτοῖς ἡ παρ' ἡμῶν μέμψις· εἰ δὲ τοῦ Πα τρός ἐστιν ἡ φωνὴ, καὶ οἱ μὲν μαθηταὶ ἤκουσαν, αὐ τὸς δὲ ὁ Υἱὸς περὶ ἑαυτοῦ λέγει· Πρὸ δὲ πάν των βουνῶν γεννᾷ με· πῶς οὐ κατὰ τοὺς μυθευο μένους γίγαντας καὶ αὐτοὶ νῦν θεομαχοῦσι, τὴν γλῶτ ταν ἔχοντες, ὡς εἶπεν ὁ ψάλλων, μάχαιραν ὀξεῖαν εἰς ἀσέβειαν; Οὔτε γὰρ τὴν φωνὴν τοῦ Πατρὸς ἐφο βήθησαν, οὔτε τοῦ Σωτῆρος ᾐδέσθησαν τὰ ῥή ματα· ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τοῖς ἁγίοις ἐπείσθησαν, τοῦ μὲν γρά φοντος· Ὃς ὢν ἀπαύγασμα τῆς δόξης καὶ χαρα κτὴρ τῆς ὑποστάσεως αὐτοῦ· καί· Χριστὸς Θεοῦ δύναμις, καὶ Θεοῦ σοφία· τοῦ δὲ ψάλλον τος· Ὅτι παρὰ σοὶ πηγὴ ζωῆς, ἐν τῷ φωτί σου ὀψόμεθα φῶς, καί· Πάντα ἐν σοφίᾳ ἐποίησας· καὶ τῶν μὲν προφητῶν λεγόντων· Καὶ ἐγένετο Λόγος Κυρίου πρὸς μέ· τοῦ δὲ Ἰωάννου, Ἐν ἀρχῇ ἦν ὁ Λόγος· καὶ τοῦ Λουκᾶ, Καθὼς παρέδωκαν ἡμῖν οἱ ἀπ' ἀρχῆς αὐτόπται καὶ ὑπηρέται γενό μενοι τοῦ Λόγου· ὡς καὶ πάλιν ∆αυῒδ λέγει· Ἀπέστειλε τὸν Λόγον αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἰάσατο αὐτούς. Ταῦτα γὰρ πάντα τὴν μὲν Ἀρειανὴν αἵρεσιν στηλιτεύει πανταχοῦ, τὴν δὲ τοῦ Λόγου ἀϊδιότητα σημαίνει, καὶ ὅτι οὐ ξένος, ἀλλ' ἴδιος τῆς τοῦ Πατρὸς οὐ σίας ἐστί. Πότε γὰρ εἶδέ τις φῶς χωρὶς τοῦ ἀπαυγά σματος; Ἢ τίς τολμᾷ λέγειν ἀλλότριον εἶναι τὸν χα ρακτῆρα τῆς ὑποστάσεως; Ἢ πῶς οὐ μαίνεται πλέον ὁ κἂν ἐνθυμούμενος ἄλογον καὶ ἄσοφόν ποτε τὸν Θεόν; Τοιαῦτα γὰρ τὰ παραδείγματα καὶ τοιαύτας τὰς εἰκόνας ἔθηκεν ἡ Γραφὴ, ἵν' ἐπειδὴ ἀδύνατός ἐστιν ἡ ἀνθρωπίνη φύσις περὶ Θεοῦ καταλαβεῖν, κἂν ἐκ τούτων ὀλιγοστῶς πως καὶ ἀμυδρῶς, ὡς ἐφικτόν ἐστι, διανοεῖσθαι δυνηθῶμεν. Καὶ ὥσπερ περὶ τοῦ εἶναι Θεὸν καὶ πρόνοιαν αὐτάρκης ἡ κτίσις πρὸς τὴν γνῶσιν· Ἐκ γὰρ μεγέθους καὶ καλλονῆς κτι σμάτων ἀναλόγως ὁ γενεσιουργὸς αὐτῶν θεωρεῖ ται· καὶ οὐ φωνὰς ἀπαιτοῦντες παρ' αὐτῶν μανθά νομεν, ἀλλ' ἀκούοντες μὲν τῶν Γραφῶν πιστεύομεν, καὶ αὐτὴν δὲ τὴν τάξιν τῶν πάντων θεωροῦντες καὶ τὴν ἁρμονίαν, ἐπιγινώσκομεν τοῦτον εἶναι πάντων ποιητὴν καὶ ∆εσπότην καὶ Θεὸν, τούτου τε τὴν εἰς πάντα πρόνοιάν τε θαυμαστὴν καὶ ἡγεμονίαν κα ταλαμβάνομεν· τὸν αὐτὸν τρόπον περὶ τῆς τοῦ Υἱοῦ θεότητος ἱκανῶν ὄντων τῶν προειρημένων ῥητῶν, περιττὸν, μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ μανίας πλέον ἐστὶν ἀμφι βάλλειν, καὶ αἱρετικῶς πυνθάνεσθαι, πῶς οὖν δύναται ἀϊδίως εἶναι ὁ Υἱός; ἢ πῶς δύναται ἐκ τῆς οὐ σίας εἶναι τοῦ Πατρὸς, καὶ μὴ μέρος εἶναι; τὸ γὰρ ἔκ τινος εἶναι λεγόμενον μέρος ἐστὶν αὐτοῦ· τὸ δὲ μεριζόμενον οὐκ ἔστιν ὁλόκληρον; Ταῦτα γὰρ τῶν ἑτεροδόξων ἐστὶ τὰ σοφὰ κα κουργήματα. Καὶ εἰ καὶ φθάσαντες ἐν τοῖς ἔμ προσθεν διηλέγξαμεν τὴν ἐν τούτοις αὐτῶν κενολο γίαν· ὅμως καὶ τούτων τῶν ῥητῶν ἡ ἀκρίβεια, καὶ τῶν παραδειγμάτων ἡ διάνοια διελέγχει τὴν σκιαγραφίαν τοῦ μιαροῦ δόγματος αὐτῶν. Ὁρῶμεν γὰρ τὸν Λόγον ἀεὶ ὄντα, καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ ὄντα, καὶ τῆς οὐσίας ἴδιον, οὗ καὶ ἔστιν ὁ Λόγος, καὶ μὴ ἔχοντα τὸ πρότερον καὶ τὸ ὕστερον. Ὁρῶμεν καὶ τὸ ἀπαύ γασμα ἐκ τοῦ ἡλίου ἴδιόν τε αὐτοῦ ὂν, καὶ μὴ διαιρουμένην μηδὲ μειουμένην τὴν οὐσίαν τοῦ ἡλίου· ἀλλ' αὐτήν τε ὁλόκληρον οὖσαν, καὶ τὸ ἀπαύγασμα τέλειον καὶ ὁλόκληρον, καὶ μὴ μειοῦν τὴν οὐσίαν τοῦ φωτὸς, ἀλλ' ὡς γέννημα ἀληθινὸν ἐξ αὐτοῦ. Συν ορῶμεν καὶ τὸν Υἱὸν οὐκ ἔξωθεν, ἀλλ' ἐκ τοῦ Πατρὸς γεννώμενον, καὶ ὁλόκληρον μένοντα τὸν Πατέρα, τὸν δὲ χαρακτῆρα τῆς ὑποστάσεως ἀεὶ ὄντα, ἐμφέρειάν τε καὶ εἰκόνα ἀπαράλλακτον σώζοντα πρὸς τὸν Πα τέρα, ὡς τὸν ἰδόντα τοῦτον, ὁρᾷν ἐν αὐτῷ καὶ τὴν ὑπόστασιν, ἧς καὶ χαρακτήρ ἐστιν. Ἔκ τε τῆς ἐνερ γείας τοῦ χαρακτῆρος διανοούμεθα τὴν τῆς ὑποστά σεως ἀληθῶς θεότητα· τοῦτο γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ Σωτὴρ διδάσκων ἔλεγεν· Ὁ μένων ἐν ἐμοὶ, αὐτὸς ποιεῖ τὰ ἔργα, ἃ ἐγὼ ποιῶ· καί· Ἐγὼ καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ ἕν ἐσμεν· καί· Ἐγὼ ἐν τῷ Πατρὶ καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ ἐν ἐμοί. Οὐκοῦν ἡ χριστομάχος αἵρεσις πειρασάτω πρῶ τον τὰ ἐν τοῖς γενητοῖς παραδείγματα διελεῖν καὶ εἰπεῖν· ἦν ποτε ὁ ἥλιος χωρὶς τοῦ ἀπαυγάσματος· ἢ, ὅτι τοῦτο οὐκ ἔστι τῆς τοῦ φωτὸς οὐσίας ἴδιον· ἢ, ἴδιον μὲν ἔστι, κατὰ διαίρεσιν δὲ μέρος ἐστὶ τοῦτο τοῦ φωτός· καὶ πάλιν διελέτω τὸν Λόγον, καὶ εἰπάτω τοῦτον ἀλλότριον εἶναι τοῦ νοῦ· ἢ, ὅτι ποτὲ οὐκ ἦν, ἢ, οὐκ ἔστιν ἴδιος τῆς οὐσίας αὐτοῦ· ἢ, ὅτι μέρος κατὰ διαίρεσίν ἐστιν οὗτος ἐκείνου. Περὶ δὲ τοῦ χαρα κτῆρος καὶ τοῦ φωτὸς καὶ τῆς δυνάμεως οὕτω δι ελέτω ὡς ἐπὶ τοῦ Λόγου καὶ τοῦ ἀπαυγάσματος· καὶ τότε περὶ ὧν ἐὰν θελήσῃ φανταζέσθω. Εἰ δὲ ἀδύ νατος αὐτοῖς ἐκείνοις ἡ τόλμα, πῶς οὐ μαίνονται με γάλως, εἰς τὰ ὑπερέκεινα τῶν γενητῶν καὶ τῆς ἑαυτῶν φύσεως μάτην ἐπεκτείνοντες ἑαυτοὺς καὶ ἀδυνάτοις ἐπιχειροῦντες; Εἰ γὰρ καὶ ἐπὶ τούτων τῶν γενητῶν καὶ σω ματικῶν εὑρίσκεται τὰ γεννήματα μὴ μέρη ὄντα τῶν οὐσιῶν ἐξ ὧν εἰσι, μηδὲ παθητικῶς ὑφιστάμενα, μηδὲ μειοῦντα τὰς οὐσίας τῶν γονέων· πῶς πάλιν οὐ μαίνονται ἐπὶ τοῦ ἀσωμάτου καὶ ἀληθινοῦ Θεοῦ, ζητοῦντες καὶ ὑπονοοῦντες μέρη καὶ πάθη, διαιρέ σεις δὲ προσάπτοντες τῷ ἀπαθεῖ καὶ ἀναλλοιώτῳ Θεῷ, ἵνα τὰς ἀκοὰς ἐν τούτοις ταράσσωσι τῶν ἀκε ραιοτέρων, καὶ διαστρέψωσιν ἀπὸ τῆς ἀληθείας; Τίς γὰρ ἀκούων Υἱὸν, οὐκ ἐνθυμεῖται τὸ ἴδιον τῆς τοῦ Πατρὸς οὐσίας; Τίς δὲ, ἀκούσας, ὅτε κατ ηχεῖτο κατὰ τὴν ἀρχὴν, ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς Υἱὸν ἔχει, καὶ τῷ ἰδίῳ Λόγῳ τὰ πάντα πεποίηκεν, οὐχ οὕτως ἐδέ ξατο κατὰ τὴν διάνοιαν ὡς νῦν ἡμεῖς φρονοῦμεν; Τίς, ὅτε γέγονεν ἡ μιαρὰ τῶν Ἀρειανῶν αἵρεσις, οὐκ εὐθὺς, ἀκούσας ἃ λέγουσιν, ἐξενίσθη, ὡς ἀλλότρια λεγόντων αὐτῶν, καὶ παρὰ τὸν ἐξ ἀρχῆς σπα ρέντα λόγον ἐπισπειρόντων; Τὸ μὲν γὰρ σπειρόμενόν ἐστιν ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἑκάστῃ ψυχῇ, ὅτι ὁ Θεὸς Υἱὸν τὸν Λόγον, τὴν σοφίαν, τὴν δύναμιν ἔχει, καὶ ταῦτά ἐστιν αὐτοῦ εἰκὼν καὶ ἀπαύγασμα· φύεται δὲ εὐθὺς ἐκ τῶν ῥηθέντων τὸ ἀεὶ, τὸ ἐκ τοῦ Πατρὸς, τὸ ὅμοιον, τὸ ἀΐδιον τοῦ γεννήματος τῆς οὐσίας· καὶ οὐδεμία περὶ κτίσματος ἢ ποιήματος ἐν τούτοις ἔννοια. Ὅτε δὲ ἐχθρὸς ἄνθρωπος κοιμωμένων τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐπέσπειρε τὸ, κτίσμα, καὶ τὸ, ἦν ποτε ὅτε οὐκ ἦν, καὶ τὸ, πῶς οὖν δύναται· τότε λοιπὸν ὡς ζιζάνιον γέγονεν ἡ κακοῦργος αἵρεσις τῶν χριστομά χων· καὶ εὐθὺς, ὡς ἐρημωθέντες πάσης ὀρθῆς φρο νήσεως, δίκην λῃστῶν περιεργάζονται καὶ λέγειν τολμῶσι· «Πῶς οὖν δύναται ὁ Υἱὸς ἀϊδίως συν υπάρχειν τῷ Πατρί; Καὶ γὰρ οἱ ἄνθρωποι μετὰ χρόνον ἐξ ἀνθρώπων υἱοὶ γίνονται· καὶ ὁ μὲν πατὴρ τριάκοντα ἐτῶν ἐστιν· ὁ δὲ υἱὸς ἀρχὴν ἔχει τότε γεν νηθείς· καὶ ὅλως πᾶς υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου οὐκ ἦν, πρὶν γεννηθῇ.» Πάλιν τε ψιθυρίζουσι· «Πῶς δύναται ὁ Υἱὸς Λόγος εἶναι, ἢ ὁ Λόγος εἰκὼν τοῦ Θεοῦ; Ὁ γὰρ ἀνθρώπων Λόγος ἐκ συλλαβῶν συγκείμενος, μόνον ἐσήμανε τὸ βούλημα τοῦ λαλήσαντος, καὶ εὐθὺς πέ παυται καὶ ἠφάνισται.» Ἐκεῖνοι μὲν οὖν, ὥσπερ ἐπιλαθόμενοι τῶν προλεχθέντων κατ' αὐτῶν ἐλέγχων, τοιούτοις πάλιν ἑαυτοὺς δεσμοῖς ἀσεβείας περιπείροντες διαλογίζον ται τοιαῦτα· ὁ δὲ τῆς ἀληθείας λόγος ἐλέγχει τούτους οὕτως. Εἰ μὲν περὶ ἀνθρώπου τινὸς διαλογίζον ται, ἀνθρωπίνως καὶ περὶ τοῦ λόγου αὐτοῦ καὶ τοῦ υἱοῦ αὐτοῦ λογιζέσθωσαν· εἰ δὲ περὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ κτίσαντος τοὺς ἀνθρώπους, μηκέτι ἀνθρωπίνως, ἀλλὰ ἄλλως ὑπὲρ τὴν τῶν ἀνθρώπων φύσιν δια νοείσθωσαν. Ὁποῖος γὰρ ἂν ᾖ ὁ γεννῶν, τοιοῦτον ἀνάγκη καὶ τὸ γέννημα εἶναι· καὶ ὁποῖος ἂν ᾖ ὁ τοῦ Λόγου Πατὴρ, τοιοῦτος ἂν εἴη καὶ ὁ Λόγος αὐτοῦ. Ὁ μὲν οὖν ἄνθρωπος ἐν χρόνῳ γεννώμενος, ἐν χρόνῳ καὶ αὐτὸς γεννᾷ τὸ τέκνον· καὶ ἐπειδὴ ἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὄντος γέγονε, διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ὁ λόγος αὐτοῦ παύ εται, καὶ οὐ μένει· ὁ δὲ Θεὸς οὐχ ὡς ἄνθρωπός ἐστι· τοῦτο γὰρ εἶπεν ἡ Γραφή· ἀλλ' ὤν ἐστι καὶ ἀεί ἐστι· διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ὁ Λόγος αὐτοῦ ὤν ἐστι καὶ ἀϊδίως ἐστὶ μετὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς, ὡς ἀπαύγασμα φωτός. Καὶ ὁ μὲν τῶν ἀνθρώπων λόγος ἐκ συλλαβῶν ἐστι συγκείμενος, καὶ οὔτε ζῇ, οὔτε τι ἐνεργεῖ, ἀλλὰ μό νον ἐστὶ σημαντικὸς τῆς τοῦ λαλοῦντος διανοίας, καὶ μόνον ἐξῆλθε καὶ παρῆλθε μηκέτι φαινόμενος, ἐπειδὴ οὐδὲ ἦν ὅλως, πρὶν λαληθῇ· διὸ οὔτε ζῇ, οὔτε τι ἐνεργεῖ, οὔτε ὅλως ἄνθρωπός ἐστιν ὁ τῶν ἀνθρώ πων λόγος· πάσχει δὲ τοῦτο, καθὰ προεῖπον, ἐπεὶ καὶ ὁ τοῦτον γεννῶν ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τοῦ μὴ ὄντος ἔχει τὴν φύσιν· ὁ δὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγος οὐχ, ὡς ἄν τις εἴποι, προφορικός ἐστιν, οὐδὲ ψόφος ῥημάτων, οὐδὲ τὸ προστάξαι Θεὸν, τοῦτό ἐστιν ὁ Υἱός· ἀλλ' ὡς φωτὸς ἀπαύγασμα, οὕτως ἐστὶ γέννημα τέλειον ἐκ τελείου. ∆ιὸ καὶ Θεός ἐστιν εἰκὼν τοῦ Θεοῦ· καὶ Θεὸς γὰρ ἦν, φησὶν, ὁ Λόγος. Καὶ οἱ μὲν λόγοι τῶν ἀνθρώπων οὐδέν εἰσιν εἰς ἐνέργειαν· διὸ οὐδὲ διὰ λόγων, ἀλλὰ διὰ χειρῶν ἄνθρωπος ἐργάζεται, ὅτι αὗ ται μὲν ὑπάρχουσιν, ὁ δὲ Λόγος αὐτῶν οὐχ ὑφίστα ται. Ὁ δὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγος, ὡς εἶπεν ὁ Ἀπόστολος, ζῶν ἐστιν ὁ Λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ ἐνεργὴς, καὶ τομώτερος ὑπὲρ πᾶσαν μάχαιραν δίστομον, καὶ διικνούμενος ἄχρι μερισμοῦ ψυχῆς καὶ πνεύματος, ἁρμῶν τε καὶ μυελῶν, καὶ κριτικὸς ἐνθυμήσεων καὶ ἐννοιῶν καρδίας· καὶ οὐκ ἔστι κτίσις ἀφανὴς ἐνώπιον αὐτοῦ, πάντα δὲ γυμνὰ καὶ τετραχηλισμένα τοῖς ὀφθαλμοῖς αὐτοῦ, πρὸς ὃν ἡμῖν ὁ λόγος. ∆ημιουργὸς οὖν ἐστι, καὶ χω ρὶς αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο οὐδὲ ἓν, οὐδὲ δυνατόν τι γίνεσθαι χωρὶς αὐτοῦ. Οὐ δεῖ δὲ ζητεῖν, διὰ τί μὴ τοιοῦτος ὁ τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγος οἷος καὶ ὁ ἡμέτερος· ἐπεὶ μὴ τοιοῦτος ὁ Θεὸς οἷοι καὶ ἡμεῖς, ὡς προείρηται· ἀλλ' οὐδὲ πρέπει ζητεῖν πῶς ἐκ τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐστιν ὁ Λόγος, ἢ πῶς ἀπαύγασμά ἐστι τοῦ Θεοῦ, ἢ πῶς γεννᾷ ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ τίς ὁ τρόπος τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ γεννήσεως· μαίνοιτο γὰρ ἄν τις τοιαῦτα τολμῶν, ὅτι πρᾶγμα ἄῤῥητον καὶ φύσεως ἴδιον Θεοῦ, μόνῳ τε αὐτῷ καὶ τῷ Υἱῷ γινωσκόμενον, ἀξιοῖ λόγοις αὐτὸ ἑρμηνευθῆναι· ἴσον γάρ ἐστι τοὺς τοιούτους ζητεῖν, ποῦ ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ πῶς ἐστιν ὁ Θεὸς, καὶ ποταπός ἐστιν ὁ Πατήρ. Ἀλλ' ὥσπερ τὸ τοιοῦτο ἐρωτᾷν ἀσεβές ἐστι, καὶ ἀγνοούντων τὸν Θεὸν, οὕτω καὶ οὐ θέμις οὐδὲ περὶ τῆς τοῦ Υἱοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ γεννήσεως τοιαῦτα τολμᾷν, οὐδὲ τῇ ἑαυτῶν φύσει καὶ ἀσθενείᾳ συμμετρεῖν τὸν Θεὸν καὶ τὴν τούτου σοφίαν· ἀλλ' οὐδὲ διὰ τοῦτο καὶ παρὰ τὴν ἀλήθειαν νοεῖν προσήκει· οὐδὲ εἰ ἀπορεῖ τις ζητῶν περὶ τούτων, ὀφείλει καὶ ἀπιστεῖν τοῖς γεγραμμένοις. Βέλτιον γὰρ ἀποροῦντας σιωπᾷν καὶ πιστεύειν, ἢ ἀπιστεῖν διὰ τὸ ἀπορεῖν· διότι ὁ μὲν ἀπορῶν δύναταί πως καὶ συγγνώμην ἔχειν, ὅτι ὅλως κἂν ζητήσας ἠρέμησεν· ὁ δὲ διὰ τὸ ἀπο ρεῖν ἐπινοῶν ἑαυτῷ τὰ μὴ δέοντα, καὶ τὰ μὴ ἄξια περὶ Θεοῦ φθεγγόμενος, ἀσύγγνωστον ἔχει τῆς τόλμης τὴν δίκην. ∆ύναται γὰρ καὶ τῶν τοιούτων ἀποριῶν ἔχειν τινὰ παραμυθίαν ἐκ τῶν θείων Γρα φῶν, ὥστε λαμβάνειν μὲν καλῶς τὰ γεγραμμένα, νοεῖν δὲ ὡς ἐν παραδείγματι τὸν ἡμέτερον λόγον· ὅτι ὥσπερ οὗτος ἴδιος ἐξ ἡμῶν ἐστι, καὶ οὐκ ἔξωθεν ἡμῶν ἔργον, οὕτω καὶ ὁ τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγος ἴδιός ἐστιν ἐξ αὐτοῦ, καὶ οὐκ ἔστι ποίημα, οὐδὲ ὡς ὁ τῶν ἀνθρώπων λόγος· ἐπεὶ καὶ τὸν Θεὸν ἀνάγκη νοεῖν ἄνθρωπον. Ἰδοὺ γὰρ πάλιν τῶν μὲν ἀνθρώπων πολ λοὶ καὶ διάφοροι λόγοι καθ' ἡμέραν παρέρχονται, διὰ τὸ τοὺς πρώτους μὴ μένειν, ἀλλ' ἀφανίζεσθαι. Γίνε ται δὲ πάλιν τοῦτο, ἐπεὶ καὶ οἱ τούτων πατέρες, ἄνθρωποι ὄντες, παρερχομένας μὲν ἔχουσι τὰς ἡλι κίας, τὰ δὲ νοήματα ἐπερχόμενα· καὶ πρὸς ἃ λογίζον ται καὶ ἐπιλογίζονται, τοιαῦτα καὶ φθέγγονται· ὥστε καὶ πολλοὺς λόγους ἔχειν, καὶ μετὰ τοὺς πολλοὺς μηδένα τούτων ὅλως· πέπαυται γὰρ ὁ λαλῶν, καὶ ὁ λόγος εὐθὺς ἀνήλωται. Ὁ δὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγος εἷς ἐστι καὶ ὁ αὐτὸς, καὶ, ὡς γέγραπται, ὁ Λόγος τοῦ Θεοῦ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα διαμένει, μὴ ἀλλοιούμενος, μηδὲ πρῶτος ἢ δεύτερος ἑτέρου, ἀλλ' ὁ αὐτὸς ὑπάρ χων ἀεί. Ἔπρεπε γὰρ, ἑνὸς ὄντος τοῦ Θεοῦ, μίαν εἶναι καὶ τὴν εἰκόνα, καὶ ἕνα τὸν τούτου Λόγον, καὶ μίαν τὴν τούτου σοφίαν. ∆ιὸ καὶ θαυμάζω, πῶς, ἑνὸς ὄντος τοῦ Θεοῦ, οὗτοι κατὰ τὰς ἰδίας ἐπινοίας πολλὰς εἰκόνας καὶ σοφίας καὶ λόγους εἰσάγουσι, καὶ ἄλλον μὲν εἶναι τὸν ἴδιον καὶ φύσει Λόγον τοῦ Πατρὸς λέγουσιν, ἐν ᾧ καὶ τὸν Υἱὸν πεποίηκε, τὸν δὲ ἀληθῶς Υἱὸν κατ' ἐπί νοιαν μόνον λέγεσθαι Λόγον, ὡς ἄμπελον, καὶ ὁδὸν, καὶ θύραν, καὶ ξύλον ζωῆς. Σοφίαν τε ὀνόματι λέγεσθαι αὐτόν φασιν, ἄλλην μέντοι εἶναι τὴν ἰδίαν καὶ ἀληθινὴν σοφίαν τοῦ Πατρὸς, τὴν ἀγεννήτως συνυπάρχουσαν αὐτῷ, ἐν ᾗ καὶ τὸν Υἱὸν ποιήσας, ὠνόμασε κατὰ μετουσίαν ἐκείνης σοφίαν αὐτόν. Ταῦτα δὲ οὐχ ἕως λόγων μόνον αὐτοῖς ἔφθασεν, ἀλλ' Ἄρειος μὲν ἐν τῇ ἑαυτοῦ Θαλείᾳ συνέθηκεν, ὁ δὲ σοφι στὴς Ἀστέριος ἔγραψεν, ἅπερ καὶ ἐν τοῖς προτέροις εἴπομεν, οὕτως· «Οὐκ εἶπεν ὁ μακάριος Παῦλος Χριστὸν κηρύσσειν τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ δύναμιν ἢ τὴν τοῦ Θεοῦ σοφίαν, ἀλλὰ δίχα τῆς τοῦ ἄρθρου προσθήκης, δύναμιν Θεοῦ καὶ Θεοῦ σοφίαν· ἄλλην μὲν εἶναι τὴν ἰδίαν αὐτοῦ τοῦ Θεοῦ δύναμιν τὴν ἔμφυτον αὐτῷ καὶ συνυπάρχουσαν αὐτῷ ἀγεννήτως κηρύσσων, γεννη τικὴν μὲν οὖσαν δηλονότι τοῦ Χριστοῦ, δημιουργικὴν δὲ τοῦ παντὸς κόσμου, περὶ ἧς ἐν τῇ πρὸς Ῥωμαίους Ἐπιστολῇ διδάσκων λέγει· Τὰ γὰρ ἀόρατα αὐτοῦ ἀπὸ κτίσεως κόσμου τοῖς ποιήμασι νοούμενα καθορᾶται, ἥ τε ἀΐδιος αὐτοῦ δύναμις καὶ θειότης. Ὥσπερ γὰρ τὴν εἰρημένην ἐνταῦθα θειότητα οὐκ ἄν τις φαίη Χριστὸν εἶναι, ἀλλ' αὐτὸν ὑπάρχειν τὸν Πατέρα· οὕτως οἶμαι καὶ ἡ ἀΐδιος αὐτοῦ δύναμις καὶ θειότης, οὐχ ὁ Μονογενὴς Υἱὸς, ἀλλ' ὁ γεννήσας ὑπάρχει Πατήρ. Ἄλλην δὲ δύναμιν καὶ σοφίαν δι δάσκει Θεοῦ εἶναι διὰ Χριστοῦ δεικνυμένην.» Καὶ μετ' ὀλίγα ὁ αὐτὸς Ἀστέριός φησι· «Καίτοι γε ἡ μὲν ἀΐδιος αὐτοῦ δύναμις καὶ σοφία, ἣν ἄναρ χόν τε καὶ ἀγέννητον οἱ τῆς ἀληθείας ἀποφαίνονται λογισμοὶ, μία ἂν εἴη δήπουθεν καὶ ἡ αὐτή· πολ λαὶ δὲ αἱ καθ' ἕκαστον ὑπ' αὐτοῦ κτισθεῖσαι, ὧν πρωτότοκος καὶ Μονογενὴς ὁ Χριστός· πᾶσαί γε μὴν ὁμοίως εἰς τὸν κεκτημένον ἀνήρτηνται· καὶ πᾶσαι δυνάμεις αὐτοῦ τοῦ κτίσαντος καὶ χρωμένου καλοῦν ται δικαίως· οἷον ὁ μὲν προφήτης τὴν ἀκρίδα, δίκην τῶν ἀνθρωπίνων ἁμαρτημάτων θεήλατον γινομένην, οὐ δύναμιν μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ μεγάλην φησὶν ὑπ' αὐτοῦ προσαγορεύεσθαι τοῦ Θεοῦ· ὁ δέ γε μακάριος ∆αυῒδ ἐν πλείοσι τῶν ψαλμῶν οὐκ ἀγγέλοις μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ δυνάμεσιν αἰνεῖν παρακελεύεται τὸν Θεόν.» Τοῦτο δὲ καὶ μόνον φθεγξάμενοι, πῶς οὐκ ἄξιοι παντὸς μίσους εἰσίν; Εἰ γὰρ, ὡς αὐτοὶ νο μίζουσιν, οὐ διὰ τὴν ἐκ Πατρὸς γέννησιν καὶ τὸ ἴδιον τῆς οὐσίας Υἱός ἐστιν, ἀλλὰ διὰ τὰ λογικὰ Λόγος, καὶ διὰ τὰ σοφιζόμενα σοφία, καὶ διὰ τὰ δυναμούμενα δύναμις λέγεται· πάντως που καὶ διὰ τοὺς υἱοποιου μένους Υἱὸς ἐκλήθη· καὶ τάχα διὰ τὰ ὄντα ἔχει καὶ τὸ εἶναι κατ' ἐπίνοιαν. Τί οὖν ἄρα λοιπόν ἐστιν αὐτός; Οὐδὲν γὰρ ἂν εἴη τούτων αὐτὸς, εἰ ὀνόματα μόνον ἐστὶν αὐτοῦ ταῦτα, καὶ μόνην τοῦ εἶναι φαντα σίαν ἔχει, δι' ἡμᾶς καὶ τοῖς ὀνόμασι τούτοις καλλωπι ζόμενος. Ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦτο διαβολικὴ μᾶλλόν ἐστιν ἀπόνοια, τάχα δὲ καὶ πλεῖον, ὅτι ἑαυτοὺς μὲν ἀληθῶς ὑφεστάναι θέλουσι, τὸν δὲ τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγον ὀνόματι μόνον εἶναι νομίζουσιν. Πῶς δὲ οὐ τερατολο γία αὐτῶν καὶ ταῦτα, λέγειν μὲν σοφίαν συνυπάρχου σαν τῷ Πατρὶ, μὴ λέγειν δὲ ταύτην εἶναι τὸν Χρι στὸν, ἀλλὰ πολλὰς κτιστὰς δυνάμεις καὶ σοφίας εἶναι, τούτων δὲ μίαν εἶναι τὸν Κύριον, τὸν καὶ τῇ κάμπῃ καὶ τῇ ἀκρίδι παραβαλλόμενον παρ' αὐτῶν; Πῶς δὲ καὶ οὐ πανοῦργοι, ὅτι, παρ' ἡμῶν μὲν ἀκούοντες συνυπάρχειν τὸν Λόγον τῷ Πατρὶ, γογγύ ζουσιν εὐθὺς φάσκοντες· Οὐκοῦν δύο ἀγένητα λέ γετε; αὐτοὶ δὲ λέγοντες τὸ, Ἡ ἀγένητος αὐτοῦ σο φία, οὐχ ὁρῶσι κατ' αὐτῶν φθάνουσαν, ἣν αἰτιῶνται, ματαίαν μέμψιν; Καὶ γὰρ κἀκείνη πάλιν αὐτῶν ἡ διάνοια πῶς οὐ πάνυ μωρὰ, λέγειν τὴν ἀγένητον συνυπάρχουσαν τῷ Θεῷ σοφίαν αὐτὸν εἶναι τὸν Θεόν; Τὸ γὰρ συνυπάρχον οὐχ ἑαυτῷ, τινὶ δὲ συνυπάρχει, ὡς περὶ τοῦ Κυρίου λέγουσιν οἱ εὐαγγελισταὶ, ὅτι συνῆν τοῖς μαθηταῖς· οὐ γὰρ ἑαυτῷ, ἀλλὰ τοῖς μα θηταῖς συνῆν· εἰ μὴ ἄρα σύνθετον εἴποιεν τὸν Θεὸν, ἔχοντα συμπεπλεγμένην ἢ συμπληρωτικὴν τῆς οὐσίας ἑαυτοῦ σοφίαν, ἀγένητον οὖσαν καὶ αὐ τὴν, ἥντινα καὶ δημιουργὸν αὐτοὶ ἀντεισάγουσι τοῦ κόσμου, ἵνα καὶ τοῦ δημιουργεῖν τὸν Υἱὸν ἀφέλωνται. Πάντα γὰρ βιάζονται λέγειν, ἵνα μὴ περὶ τοῦ Κυρίου φρονήσωσιν ἐν ἀληθείᾳ. Ποῦ γὰρ ὅλως εὗρον παρὰ τῇ θείᾳ Γραφῇ λε γόμενον, ἢ παρὰ τίνος ἤκουσαν, ὡς ὄντος ἄλλου Λόγου καὶ ἄλλης Σοφίας παρὰ τοῦτον τὸν Υἱὸν, ἵνα καὶ τοιαῦτα ἑαυτοῖς ἀναπλάσσωνται; Γέγραπται μὲν γάρ· Οὐχ οἱ λόγοι μου, ὥσπερ πῦρ, ἢ πέλυξ κόπτων πέτραν; καὶ ἐν ταῖς Παροιμίαις· ∆ιδάξω δὲ ὑμᾶς ἐμοὺς λόγους. Ἀλλὰ ταῦτα ἐντολαὶ καὶ προστάγματά εἰσιν, ἃ διὰ τοῦ ἰδίου καὶ μόνου ἀληθινοῦ Λόγου τοῖς ἁγίοις λελάληκεν ὁ Θεὸς, περὶ ὧν ἔλεγεν ὁ ψάλλων· Ἐκ πάσης ὁδοῦ πονηρᾶς ἐκώλυσα τοὺς πόδας μου, ὅπως ἂν φυλάξω τοὺς λόγους σου. Τὰ γοῦν τοιαῦτα σημαίνων ἄλλα παρ' ἑαυτὸν εἶναι ὁ Σωτὴρ, καὶ δι' ἑαυτοῦ εἴρηκε· Τὰ ῥήματα, ἃ ἐγὼ λελάληκα ὑμῖν. Οὐ γὰρ δὴ οἱ τοιοῦτοι λόγοι γεννήματα ἢ υἱοί εἰσιν, οὐδὲ τοσοῦτοι δημιουργοὶ λό γοι, οὐδὲ τοσαῦται εἰκόνες τοῦ ἑνὸς Θεοῦ, οὐδὲ τοσοῦτοί εἰσιν οἱ γενόμενοι ἄνθρωποι ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν, οὐδὲ ὡς ἐκ πολλῶν τοιούτων εἷς ἐστιν ὁ γενόμενος κατὰ τὸν Ἰωάννην σάρξ· ἀλλ' ὡς μόνος ὢν τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγος, εὐηγγελίσθη παρὰ τοῦ Ἰωάννου· Ὁ Λόγοςσὰρξ ἐγένετο, καὶ, Πάντα δι' αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο. ∆ιὸ καὶ περὶ αὐτοῦ μόνου τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, καὶ περὶ τῆς πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα ἑνότητος αὐτοῦ γέγραπται καὶ δείκνυται τὰ μαρτύρια, τοῦ μὲν Πατρὸς σημαίνοντος ἕνα εἶναι τὸν Υἱὸν, τῶν δὲ ἁγίων μαθόντων τοῦτο, καὶ λεγόντων ἕνα τὸν Λόγον εἶναι καὶ τοῦτον εἶναι Μονογενῆ· τά τε ἔργα τὰ δι' αὐτοῦ δείκνυται· πάντα γὰρ τά τε ὁρατὰ καὶ τὰ ἀόρατα δι' αὐτοῦ γέγονε, καὶ χωρὶς αὐτοῦ ἐγένετο οὐδὲ ἕν. Περὶ δὲ ἑτέρου ἢ ἄλλου τινὸς οὐ φαντά ζονται, καὶ ἀναπλάσσονται ἑαυτοῖς λόγους ἢ σοφίας, ὧν οὔτε ὄνομα, οὔτε ἔργον σημαίνεται ἀπὸ τῆς Γρα φῆς, ἢ παρὰ μόνων τούτων ὀνομάζεται. Τούτων γάρ ἐστιν ἐξεύρεμα καὶ χριστομάχος ὑπόνοια, καὶ τῷ μὲν ὀνόματι τοῦ Λόγου καὶ τῆς Σοφίας καταχρῶνται, ἕτερα δὲ ἑαυτοῖς ἀναπλάττοντες, ἀρνοῦνται τὸν ἀληθινὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγον, καὶ τὴν ὄντως καὶ μόνην Σοφίαν τοῦ Πατρὸς, καὶ Μανιχαίους λοιπὸν ζη λοῦσιν οἱ ἄθλιοι. Κἀκεῖνοι γὰρ, τὰ μὲν ἔργα τοῦ Θεοῦ βλέποντες, ἀρνοῦνται αὐτὸν τὸν μόνον ὄντα καὶ ἀληθινὸν Θεὸν, ἕτερον δὲ ἑαυτοῖς ἀναπλάσσουσιν, οὗ μήτε ἔργον, μήτε τινὰ μαρτυρίαν ἀπὸ τῶν θείων λογίων δεικνύειν δύνανται. Οὐκοῦν εἰ μήτε ἐν τοῖς θείοις λογίοις εὑ ρίσκεται ἄλλη σοφία παρὰ τοῦτον τὸν Υἱὸν, μήτε παρὰ τῶν πατέρων ἠκούσαμέν τι τοιοῦτον· ὡμολό γηται δὲ καὶ γέγραπται παρὰ τούτων ἀγενήτως ἡ Σοφία συνυπάρχουσα τῷ Πατρὶ, ἰδία αὐτοῦ οὖσα, καὶ κόσμου δημιουργός· αὐτὸς ἂν εἴη ὁ Υἱὸς ὁ καὶ κατ' αὐτοὺς ἀϊδίως συνυπάρχων τῷ Πατρί. Αὐτὸς γάρ ἐστι καὶ δημιουργὸς, ὡς γέγραπται· Πάντα ἐν σο φίᾳ ἐποίησας. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸς Ἀστέριος, ὥσπερ ἐπιλαθόμενος ὧν πρότερον ἔγραψεν, ὕστερον κατὰ τὸν Καϊάφαν ἄκων καὶ αὐτὸς πρὸς Ἕλληνας ἐνιστά μενος, οὐκέτι μὲν πολλὰς σοφίας, οὐδὲ τὴν κάμπην ὀνομάζει, μίαν δὲ λοιπὸν ὁμολογεῖ, γράφων οὕ τως· «Εἶς μὲν ὁ Θεὸς Λόγος, πολλὰ δὲ τὰ λο γικά· καὶ μία μὲν τῆς Σοφίας οὐσία τε καὶ φύσις, πολλὰ δὲ τὰ σοφὰ καὶ καλά.» Καὶ μετ' ὀλίγα πάλιν λέγει· «Τίνες ἂν εἶεν οὓς παῖδας Θεοῦ προσαγο ρεύειν ἀξιοῦσιν; Οὐ γὰρ δὴ λόγους τε καὶ τού τους ὑπάρχειν φήσουσιν, οὐδὲ σοφίας εἶναι πλείονας ἐροῦσιν. Οὐ γὰρ δυνατὸν, ἑνὸς ὄντος τοῦ Λόγου, καὶ μιᾶς ἀποδειχθείσης τῆς Σοφίας, τῷ πλήθει τῶν παί δων τοῦ Λόγου τὴν οὐσίαν ἐπινέμειν, καὶ τῆς Σοφίας χαρίζεσθαι τὴν ἐπωνυμίαν.» Θαυμαστὸν τοίνυν οὐδὲν, εἰ πρὸς τὴν ἀλήθειαν οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ μά χονται, ὅπου γε καὶ τοῖς ἑαυτῶν προσκόπτοντες ἀλλήλοις συμπίπτουσι, ποτὲ μὲν λέγοντες πολλὰς εἶναι σοφίας, ποτὲ δὲ μίαν ἀποφαινόμενοι· καί ποτε μὲν τῇ κάμπῃ συνάπτουσι τὴν σοφίαν, ποτὲ δὲ συνυπάρχειν τῷ Πατρὶ καὶ ἰδίαν αὐτοῦ λέγουσι· καὶ ἄλλοτε μὲν ἀγένητον μόνον τὸν Πατέρα· ἄλλοτε δὲ καὶ τὴν σοφίαν αὐτοῦ καὶ τὴν δύναμιν ἀγένητον. Καὶ μάχονται μὲν ἡμῖν λέγουσιν ἀεὶ εἶναι τὸν τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγον, αὐτοὶ δὲ λέγοντες ἀγενήτως συν υπάρχειν τῷ Θεῷ τὴν Σοφίαν, ἐπιλανθάνονται τῶν ἰδίων. Οὕτω πρὸς πάντα σκοτοδινιῶσι, τὴν μὲν ἀλη θινὴν Σοφίαν ἀρνούμενοι, καὶ τὴν μὴ οὖσαν ἐξευ ρίσκοντες, ὡς οἱ Μανιχαῖοι πλάττοντες ἑαυτοῖς ἕτερον, καὶ τὸν ὄντα Θεὸν ἀρνούμενοι. Ἀλλ' ἀκουέτωσαν μὲν αἱ ἄλλαι αἱρέσεις καὶ Μανιχαῖοι, ὅτι εἷς ἐστιν ὁ τοῦ μὲν Χριστοῦ Πα τὴρ, τῆς δὲ κτίσεως δεσπότης καὶ ποιητὴς διὰ τοῦ ἰδίου Λόγου· ἀκουέτωσαν δὲ ἰδίᾳ καὶ Ἀρειομανῖται, ὅτι εἷς ἐστιν ὁ τοῦ Θεοῦ Λόγος, ὁ μόνος ἴδιος καὶ γνή σιος ἐκ τῆς οὐσίας αὐτοῦ ὢν Υἱὸς, καὶ ἀχώριστον ἔχων πρὸς τὸν Πατέρα ἑαυτοῦ τὴν ἑνότητα τῆς θεότητος, ὡς πολλάκις εἴπομεν, μαθόντες παρ' αὐ τοῦ τοῦ Σωτῆρος. Ἐπεὶ εἰ μὴ οὕτως ἔχει, διὰ τί δι' αὐτοῦ κτίζει ὁ Πατὴρ, καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ ἀποκαλύπτεται οἷς ἐὰν θέλῃ, καὶ φωτίζει τούτους; Ἢ διὰ τί καὶ ἐν τῇ τελειώσει τοῦ βαπτίσματος συγκατονομά ζεται τῷ Πατρὶ ὁ Υἱός; Εἰ μὲν γὰρ αὐτάρκης οὐκ ἔστιν ὁ Πατὴρ, ἀσεβὴς ἡ φωνή· εἰ δὲ αὐτάρκης, τοῦτο γὰρ θέμις εἰπεῖν, τίς ἡ χρεία τοῦ Υἱοῦ ἢ εἰς τὴν δημιουργίαν ἢ εἰς τὸ ἅγιον λουτρόν; Ποία γὰρ κοινωνία τῷ κτίσματι πρὸς τὸν κτίστην; Ἢ διὰ τί τὸ πεποιημένον συναριθμεῖται τῷ ποιήσαντι εἰς τὴν τῶν πάντων τελείωσιν; Ἢ διὰ τί καθ' ἡμᾶς ἡ πίστις εἰς ἕνα κτίστην καὶ εἰς ἓν κτίσμα παρα δίδοται; Εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἵνα συναφθῶμεν τῇ θεότητι, τίς χρεία τοῦ κτίσματος; εἰ δὲ ἵνα ἑνωθῶμεν τῷ Υἱῷ κτίσματι ὄντι, περιττὴ καθ' ὑμᾶς ἡ ἐν τῷ βαπτίσματι τοῦ Υἱοῦ ὀνομασία. Ὁ γὰρ αὐτὸν υἱοποιήσας Θεὸς ἱκανός ἐστι καὶ ἡμᾶς υἱοποιῆσαι. Ἄλλως τε εἰ κτίσμα ἐστὶν ὁ Υἱὸς, μιᾶς οὔσης τῆς φύσεως τῶν λογι κῶν κτισμάτων, οὐδεμία παρὰ κτίσματος κτίσμασι βοήθεια γενήσεται, διὰ τὸ πάντας δεῖσθαι τῆς παρὰ τοῦ Θεοῦ χάριτος. Ὀλίγα μὲν οὖν προλαβόντες εἴπομεν ὡς ἀκολούθως δι' αὐτοῦ γέγονε τὰ πάντα· ἐπειδὴ δὲ καὶ τοῦ ἁγίου βαπτίσματος ἡ ἀκολουθία πεποίηκεν ἡμᾶς μνημονεῦσαι, ἀναγκαῖον, ὥς γε νοῶ καὶ πε πίστευκα, λέγειν, οὐχ ὡς μὴ αὐτάρκους ὄντος τοῦ Πατρὸς, συνονομάζεται καὶ ὁ Υἱὸς, οὐδὲ ἁπλῶς καὶ ὡς ἔτυχεν· ἀλλ' ἐπειδὴ Λόγος ἐστὶ τοῦ Θεοῦ καὶ ἰδία σοφία, ἀπαύγασμά τε ὢν αὐτοῦ, ἀεί ἐστι μετὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς, διὰ τοῦτο ἀδύνατον, παρέχοντος τοῦ Πατρὸς, μὴ ἐν τῷ Υἱῷ δίδοσθαι τὴν χάριν· ἐν τῷ Πατρὶ γάρ ἐστιν ὁ Υἱὸς, ὡς τὸ ἀπαύγασμα ἐν τῷ φωτί. Οὐ γὰρ ὡς ἐνδεὴς ὁ Θεὸς, ἀλλ' ὡς Πατὴρ τῇ ἑαυτοῦ σοφίᾳ τεθεμελίωκε τὴν γῆν, καὶ τῷ ἐξ αὐτοῦ Λόγῳ τὰ πάντα πεποίηκε, τό τε ἅγιον λουτρὸν ἐν τῷ Υἱῷ βεβαιοῖ. Ἔνθα γὰρ ὁ Πατὴρ, ἐκεῖ καὶ ὁ Υἱός ἐστιν· ὡς ἔνθα τὸ φῶς, ἐκεῖ καὶ τὸ ἀπαύγασμα. Καὶ ὥσπερ ἃ ὁ Πατὴρ ἐργάζεται, διὰ τοῦ Υἱοῦ ἐργάζεται, καὶ λέγει αὐτὸς ὁ Κύριος· Ἃ βλέπω τὸν Πατέρα ποιοῦντα, ταῦτα κἀγὼ ποιῶ· οὕτω καὶ τοῦ βαπτίσματος δι δομένου, ὃν βαπτίζει ὁ Πατὴρ, τοῦτον καὶ ὃν ὁ Υἱὸς βα πτίζει ὁ Υἱὸς βαπτίζει οὗτος ἐν Πνεύματι ἁγίῳ τε λειοῦται. Πάλιν τε ὥσπερ τοῦ ἡλίου φαίνοντος, λέγοι ἄν τις καὶ τὸ ἀπαύγασμα φωτίζειν· ἓν γάρ ἐστι τὸ φῶς, καὶ οὐκ ἔστι διελεῖν, οὐδὲ ἀποσχίσαι· οὕτως ἔνθα πάλιν ὁ Πατήρ ἐστιν ἢ ὀνομάζεται, ἐκεῖ πάντως καὶ ὁ Υἱὸς ὑπάρχει· ὀνομάζεται δὲ ἐν τῷ βαπτίσματι ὁ Πατὴρ, ἀνάγκη καὶ τὸν Υἱὸν συγκατονομάζεσθαι. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο καὶ τοῖς ἁγίοις ἐπαγγελλόμενος, οὕτως ἔλεγεν· Ἐλευσόμεθα ἐγὼ καὶ ὁ Πατὴρ, καὶ μονὴν παρ' αὐτῷ ποιήσομεν· καὶ πάλιν· Ἵν' ὡς ἐγὼ καὶ σὺ ἕν ἐσμεν, κἀκεῖνοι ἓν ὦσιν ἐν ἡμῖν. Καὶ ἡ διδομένη δὲ χάρις μία ἐστὶ παρὰ τοῦ Πατρὸς ἐν Υἱῷ διδομένη, ὡς ὁ Παῦλος διὰ πάσης ἐπιστο λῆς γράφει· Χάρις ὑμῖν καὶ εἰρήνη ἀπὸ Θεοῦ Πατρὸς ἡμῶν καὶ Κυρίου Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ. ∆εῖ γὰρ τὸ φῶς εἶναι μετὰ τῆς αὐγῆς, καὶ τὸ ἀπαύγασμα συνορᾶσθαι μετὰ τοῦ ἰδίου φωτός. Ὅθεν Ἰουδαῖοι μετὰ τούτων ἀρνούμενοι τὸν Υἱὸν, οὐκ ἔχουσιν οὐδὲ τὸν Πατέρα· καταλείψαντες γὰρ τὴν πηγὴν τῆς σοφίας, ὡς ὀνειδίζων αὐτοὺς εἶπεν ὁ Βαροὺχ, ἀπέβαλον ἀφ' ἑαυτῶν καὶ τὴν ἐκ ταύτης σοφίαν τὸν Κύριον ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦν Χριστόν· Χριστὸς γὰρ, φησὶν ὁ Ἀπόστολος, Θεοῦ δύναμις καὶ Θεοῦ σοφία· λέ γοντες· Οὐκ ἔχομεν βασιλέα εἰ μὴ Καίσαρα. Ἰουδαῖοι μὲν οὖν ἔχουσι τῆς ἀρνήσεως τὰ ἐπίχειρα τῆς ἐπιτιμίας· ἀπώλεσαν γὰρ σὺν τῇ πόλει καὶ τὸν λογισμόν. Οὗτοι δὲ κινδυνεύουσι λοιπὸν καὶ περὶ αὐτὸ τὸ πλήρωμα τοῦ μυστηρίου· φημὶ δὴ τὸ βάπτισμα. Εἰ γὰρ εἰς ὄνομα Πατρὸς καὶ Υἱοῦ δίδοται ἡ τελείωσις, οὐ λέγουσι δὲ Πατέρα ἀληθινὸν, διὰ τὸ ἀρνεῖσθαι τὸ ἐξ αὐτοῦ καὶ ὅμοιον τῆς οὐσίας, ἀρνοῦνται δὲ καὶ τὸν ἀληθινὸν Υἱὸν, καὶ ἄλλον ἑαυτοῖς ἐξ οὐκ ὄντων κτιστὸν ἀναπλάττοντες ὀνομάζουσι, πῶς οὐ παντελῶς κενὸν καὶ ἀλυσιτελὲς τὸ παρ' αὐτῶν διδόμενόν ἐστι, προσποίησιν μὲν ἔχον, τῇ δὲ ἀληθείᾳ μηδὲν ἔχον πρὸς εὐσέβειαν βοήθημα; Οὐ γὰρ εἰς Πατέρα καὶ Υἱὸν διδόασιν οἱ Ἀρειανοὶ, ἀλλ' εἰς κτίστην καὶ κτίσμα, καὶ εἰς ποιητὴν καὶ ποίημα. Ὥσπερ δὲ ἄλλο ἐστὶ κτίσμα παρὰ τὸν Υἱὸν, οὕτως ἄλλο ἂν εἴη τῆς ἀληθείας τὸ παρ' αὐτῶν νομιζόμενον δίδοσθαι, κἂν τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Πα τρὸς καὶ τοῦ Υἱοῦ, διὰ τὸ γεγραμμένον, ὀνομάζειν προσποιῶνται. Οὐ γὰρ ὁ λέγων ἁπλῶς, Κύριε, οὗτος καὶ δίδωσιν· ἀλλ' ὁ μετὰ τοῦ ὀνόματος καὶ τὴν πίστιν ἔχων ὀρθήν. ∆ιὰ τοῦτο γοῦν καὶ ὁ Σωτὴρ οὐχ ἀπλῶς ἐνετείλατο βαπτίζειν, ἀλλὰ πρῶτόν φησι, Μαθητεύσατε· εἶθ' οὕτω· Βαπτίζετε εἰς ὄνομα Πατρὸς, καὶ Υἱοῦ, καὶ ἁγίου Πνεύματος· ἵν' ἐκ τῆς μαθήσεως ἡ πίστις ὀρθὴ γένηται, καὶ μετὰ πίστεως ἡ τοῦ βαπτίσματος τελείωσις προστεθῇ. Πολλαὶ γοῦν καὶ ἄλλαι αἱρέσεις, λέγουσαι τὰ ὀνόματα μόνον, μὴ φρονοῦσαι δὲ ὀρθῶς, ὡς εἴρηται, μηδὲ τὴν πίστιν ὑγιαίνουσαν ἔχουσαι, ἀλυσιτελὲς ἔχουσι καὶ τὸ παρ' αὐτῶν διδόμενον ὕδωρ, λειπόμε νον εὐσεβείᾳ· ὥστε καὶ τὸν ῥαντιζόμενον παρ' αὐτῶν ῥυπαίνεσθαι μᾶλλον ἐν ἀσεβείᾳ ἢ λυτροῦσθαι. Οὕτω καὶ Ἕλληνες, καίτοι Θεὸν διὰ χειλέων λέγοντες, ἀθεότητος ἔχουσιν ἔγκλημα, ὅτι τὸν ὄντως ὄντα καὶ ἀληθινὸν Θεὸν οὐ γινώσκουσι, τὸν Πατέρα τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ· οὕτω Μανιχαῖοι καὶ Φρύγες, καὶ οἱ τοῦ Σαμωσατέως μαθηταὶ, τὰ ὀνόματα λέ γοντες, οὐδὲν ἧττόν εἰσιν αἱρετικοί· οὕτω καθεξῆς λοιπὸν καὶ οἱ τὰ Ἀρείου φρονοῦντες, κἂν ἀνα γινώσκωσι τὰ γεγραμμένα, καὶ λέγωσι τὰ ὀνόματα, καὶ αὐτοὶ παίζουσι τοὺς λαμβάνοντας παρ' αὐτῶν, πλέον τῶν ἄλλων αἱρέσεων ἀσεβέστεροι τυγχά νοντες, καὶ κατ' ὀλίγον ὑπερκείμενοι ταύτας, καὶ δικαιοῦντες αὐτὰς ἐκ τῆς ἑαυτῶν ἀθυρογλωττίας. Ἐκεῖναι μὲν γὰρ πλέον τι· τῆς ἀληθείας καταψεύ δονται, καὶ ἢ περὶ τὸ σῶμα σφάλμα ἔχουσι, λέγοντες μὴ ἐκ Μαρίας ἐσχηκέναι σάρκα τὸν Κύριον, ἢ ὅτι ὅλως οὐ γέγονε θάνατος, οὐδὲ ὅλως ἄνθρωπος γέγονεν, ἀλλὰ μόνον ἐφάνη, καὶ οὐκ ἦν ἀληθῶς, καὶ ἐδόκει σῶμα ἔχειν, μὴ ἔχων, καὶ ἐδόκει ἄνθρωπος φαίνεσθαι, ὡς ἐν ὀνείρῳ φαντασίας· οὗτοι δὲ εἰς αὐτὸν τὸν Πατέρα φανερῶς ἀσεβοῦσι. Τὴν γὰρ θεότητα αὐτοῦ εἰς τὸν Υἱὸν ὡς ἐν εἰκόνι μαρτυρουμένην ἀκούοντες ἀπὸ τῶν Γραφῶν, βλασφημοῦσι, λέγοντες αὐτὴν εἶναι κτίσμα καὶ πανταχοῦ περὶ αὐτῆς τὸ, οὐκ ἦν, ὡς ἐν πήρᾳ βόρβορον, τὸ λεξείδιον τοῦτο περιφέρουσι, καὶ ὡς ὄφις τὸν ἰὸν, τοῦτο προβάλλονται. Εἶτα, ἐπειδὴ ναυσηρὸν παρὰ πᾶσι τὸ παρ' αὐτοῖς ἐστι δόγμα, εὐθὺς ὥσπερ ἔρεισμα τῷ πτώματι τῆς αἱρέσεως, τὴν ἀνθρωπίνην προ στασίαν ὑποτιθέασι, ἵνα ταύτην βλέπων ὁ ἁπλούστερος, ἢ καὶ δεδιὼς, μὴ κατανοῇ τὸ βλαβερὸν τῆς κα κοφροσύνης αὐτῶν. Πῶς οὖν οὐκ ἄξιον οἰκτείρειν τοὺς παρ' αὐτῶν ἀπατωμένους; Ἢ πῶς οὐκ ἐπὶ τούτοις δακρῦσαι καλὸν, ὅτι τῇ παραυτίκα διὰ τὰς ἡδονὰς φαντασίᾳ προδιδόασι τὸ ἑαυτοῖς συμφέρον, καὶ ἐκπίπτουσι τῆς μελλούσης ἐλπίδος; Εἰς γὰρ τὸν οὐκ ὄντα δοκοῦντες λαμβάνειν, οὐδὲν εἰληφότες ἔσον ται· κτίσματί τε συντασσόμενοι, οὐδεμίαν παρὰ τῆς κτίσεως ἕξουσι βοήθειαν. Καὶ εἰς ἀνόμοιον δὲ καὶ ἀλλότριον κατ' οὐσίαν τοῦ Πατρὸς πιστεύοντες, οὐ συναφθήσονται τῷ Πατρὶ, μὴ ἔχοντες τὸν ἴδιον καὶ ἐξ αὐτοῦ φύσει Υἱὸν, τὸν ὄντα ἐν τῷ Πατρὶ, ἐν ᾧ καὶ ὁ Πατήρ ἐστιν, ὡς αὐτὸς εἴρηκεν· ἀλλὰ πλανηθέντες παρὰ τούτων, ἔρημοι καὶ γυμνοὶ λοιπὸν ἀπομένουσι τῆς θεότητος οἱ ἄθλιοι. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἀκολουθήσει τούτοις ἀποθνήσκουσιν ἡ τῶν ἐπὶ γῆς φαντασία· οὐδ' ὅταν ἴδωσιν, ὃν ἠρνήσαντο, Κύριον καθήμενον ἐπὶ τὸν θρόνον τοῦ Πατρὸς αὐτοῦ, καὶ κρίνοντα ζῶντας καὶ νεκροὺς, δυνήσεταί τις εἰς βοήθειαν ἐπικαλέσασθαί τινα τῶν νῦν ἀπατησάντων. Κρινομένους γὰρ καὶ αὐτοὺς ὄψονται καὶ μεταμελομένους ἐφ' οἷς ἠδίκησαν καὶ ἠσέβησαν.