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Réginald Marie Garrigou-Lagrange, Grace, Commentary on the Summa Theologica of St. Thomas
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GRACE: Commentary on the Summa theologica of St. Thomas
Chapter II: QUESTION 109 THE NECESSITY OF GRACE
Chapter III: QUESTION 110 THE GRACE OF GOD WITH RESPECT TO ITS ESSENCE
ARTICLE III. WHETHER GRACE IS IDENTICAL WITH VIRTUE, PARTICULARLY WITH CHARITY
ARTICLE IV. WHETHER HABITUAL GRACE IS IN THE ESSENCE OF THE SOUL AS IN A SUBJECT
Chapter IV: QUESTION 111 THE DIVISIONS OF GRACE
ARTICLE V. WHETHER GRACE GRATIS DATA IS SUPERIOR TO SANCTIFYING GRACE
Chapter V: I. INTRODUCTORY REMARKS: STATE OF THE QUESTION
Chapter VII: EFFICACIOUS GRACE
Chapter VIII: EXCURSUS ON EFFICACIOUS GRACE
Chapter IX: QUESTION 112 THE CAUSE OF GRACE
ARTICLE I. WHETHER GOD ALONE IS THE CAUSE OF GRACE
ARTICLE IV. WHETHER GRACE IS GREATER IN ONE MAN THAN IN ANOTHER
ARTICLE V. WHETHER MAN CAN KNOW THAT HE POSSESSES GRACE
Chapter X: QUESTION 113 THE EFFECTS OF GRACE
Chapter XI: QUESTION 114 MERIT
After considering justification, which is the effect of operative A grace, we must treat of merit, which is the effect of (sanctifying) cooperative grace.1 Merit is related to sanctifying grace in the same way as operation follows being. (Cf. above Ia IIae, q. III, a. 2 c.)
There are two parts to this question.
What merit is, how divided, and what conditions it demands (a. 1-4); that is, whether man can merit anything from God, whether without grace he can merit eternal life, whether he can merit it de condigno, whether sanctifying grace is the principle of merit, principally by means of charity.
2. What is included under merit (a. 5-10); that is, whether man can merit the first grace for himself, or for another, whether he can merit reconversion for himself after a fall, whether he can merit an increase of grace for himself, final perseverance, and temporal goods.