Chapter XIV.

Nothing escapes God’s knowledge. This is proved by the witness of the Scriptures and the analogy of the sun, which, although created, yet by its light or heat enters into all things.

51. Next comes the answer to the question, whether God, not having failed to show care for His work, now fails to have knowledge of it? Thus it is written: “He that planted the ear, shall He not hear? He that made the eye, shall He not regard?”61    Ps. xciv. [xciii.] 9.

52. This false idea was not unknown to the holy prophets. David himself introduces men to speak whom pride has filled and claimed for its own. For what shows greater pride than when men who are living in sin think it unfit that other sinners should live, and say: “Lord, how long shall the ungodly, how long shall the ungodly triumph?”62    Ps. xciv. [xciii] 3. And later on: “And yet they say, the Lord shall not see: neither shall the God of Jacob regard it.”63    Ps. xciv. [xciii.] 7. Whom the prophet answers, saying: “Take heed, ye unwise among the people: O ye fools, when will ye understand? He that planted the ear, shall He not hear? or He that made the eye, shall He not see? He that rebuketh the nations, shall He not punish?—He that teacheth man knowledge? The Lord knoweth the thoughts of man that they are vain.”64    Ps. xciv. [xciii.] 8–11. Does He Who discerns whatsoever is vain not know what is holy, and is He ignorant of what He Himself has made? Can the workman be ignorant of his own work? This one is a man, yet he discerns what is hidden in his work; and God—shall He not know His own work? Is there more depth, then, in the work than in its author? Has He made something superior to Himself; the value of which, as its Author, He was ignorant of, and whose condition He knew not, though He was its Director? So much for these persons.

53. But we are satisfied with the witness of Him Who says: “I search out the heart and the reins.”65    Jer. xvii. 10. In the Gospel, also, the Lord Jesus says: “Why think ye evil in your hearts? For He knew they were thinking evil.”66    S. Matt. ix. 4. The evangelist also witnesses to this, saying: “For Jesus knew their thoughts.”67    S. Luke vi. 8.

54. The idea of these people will not trouble us much if we look at their actions. They will not have Him to be judge over them, Whom nothing deceives; they will not grant to Him the knowledge of things hidden, for they are afraid their own hidden things may be brought to light. But the Lord, also, “knowing their works, has given them over unto darkness. In the night,” he says, “he will be as a thief, and the eye of the adulterer will watch for the darkness, saying, No eye shall see me; he hath covered up his face.”68    Job xxiv. 14, 15. For every one that avoids the light loves darkness, seeking to be hid, though he cannot be hid from God, Who knows not only what is transacted, but also what will be thought of, both in the depths of space and in the minds of men. Thus, again, he who speaks in the book Ecclesiasticus says: “Who seeth me? The darkness hath covered me, and the walls have hidden me; whom do I fear?”69    Ecclus. xxiii. 18. But although lying on his bed he may think thus, he is caught where he never thought of it. “It shall be,” it says, “a shame to him because he knew not what the fear of the Lord was.”70    Ecclus. xxiii. 31.

55. But what can be more foolish than to suppose that anything escapes God’s notice, when the sun which supplies the light enters even hidden spots, and the strength of its heat reaches to the foundations of a house and its inner chambers? Who can deny that the depths of the earth, which the winter’s ice has bound together, are warmed by the mildness of spring? Surely the very heart of a tree feels the force of heat or cold, to such an extent that its roots are either nipped with the cold or sprout forth in the warmth of the sun. In short, wherever the mildness of heaven smiles on the earth, there the earth produces in abundance fruits of different kinds.

56. If, then, the sun’s rays pour their light over all the earth and enter into its hidden spots; if they cannot be checked by iron bars or the barrier of heavy doors from getting within, how can it be impossible for the Glory of God, which is instinct with life, to enter into the thoughts and hearts of men that He Himself has created? And how shall it not see what He Himself has created? Did He make His works to be better and more powerful than He Himself is, Who made them (in this event) so as to escape the notice of their Creator whensoever they will? Did He implant such perfection and power in our mind that He Himself could not comprehend it when He wished?

CAPUT XIV.

Dei cognitionem nihil fugere et Scripturarum testimoniis, et solis comprobatur exemplo, qui licet creatura 0038C sit, tamen vel lumine, vel calore cuncta penetrat.

51. Sequitur illa responsio, utrum Deum, si 0039A operis sui cura non praeterierit, praetereat scientia. Ergo qui plantavit aurem, non audit: qui finxit oculum, non videt, non considerat?

52. Non praeteriit haec vana opinio sanctos prophetas. Denique David inducit eos loquentes, quos superbia inflatos asserit. Quid enim tam superbum, quam cum ipsi sub peccato sint, alios indigne ferant peccatores vivere, dicentes: Usquequo peccatores, Domine, usquequo peccatores gloriabuntur (Psal. XCIII, 3)? Et infra: Et dixerunt. Non videbit Dominus, neque intelliget Deus Jacob. Quibus respondet propheta dicens: Intelligite nunc insipientes in populo, et stulti aliquando sapite. Qui plantavit aurem, non audit: et qui finxit oculum, non considerat? Qui corripit gentes, non arguit, qui docet hominem scientiam? Dominus 0039B scit cogitationes hominum, quoniam vanae sunt (Ibid. 7 et seq.). Qui ea quaecumque vana sunt deprehendit, ea quae sancta sunt, nescit, et ignorat quod ipse fecit? Potest opus suum ignorare artifex? Homo est, et in opere suo latentia deprehendit; et Deus opus suum nescit? Altius ergo profundum in opere, quam in auctore. Et fecit aliquid quod supra se esset, cujus meritum ignoraret auctor, cujus affectum nesciret arbiter? Haec illis.

53. Caeterum nobis satis est ipsius testimonium, qui ait: Ego sum scrutans corda et renes (Jerem. XVII, 10). Et in Evangelio ait Dominus Jesus: Quid cogitatis mala in cordibus vestris (Luc. V, 22)? Sciebat enim quod cogitarent mala. Denique Evangelista testatur dicens: Sciebat enim Jesus cogitationes eorum (Luc. VI, 8).

54. Quorum non poterit satis movere opinio, si facta eorum consideremus. Nolunt supra se esse judicem, quem nihil fallat: nolunt ei dare occultorum scientiam, qui metuunt occulta sua prodi. Sed etiam Dominus sciens opera eorum, tradidit eos in tenebras. In nocte, inquit, erit fur. Et oculus adulteri servabit tenebras, dicens: Non considerabit me oculus: et latibulum personae posuit suae (Job XXIV, 14, 15). 16 Omnis enim qui lucem fugit, diligit tenebras, studens latere, cum Deum latere non possit, qui intra profundum abyssi, et intra hominum mentes non solum tractata, sed etiam volvenda cognoscit. Denique et ille qui dicit in Ecclesiastico: Quis videt me? Et tenebrae cooperiunt me, et parietes, quem 0039D vereor (Eccli. XXIII, 25, 26)? quamvis in lecto suo positus haec cogitet, ubi non putaverit, comprehenditur. Et erit, inquit, dedecus, quod non intellexerit timorem Dei (Ibid., 31).

55. Quid autem tam stolidum, quam putare quod Deum quidquam praetereat; cum sol qui minister luminis est, etiam abdita penetret, et in fundamenta domus vel secreta conclavia vis caloris ejus irrumpat? Quis neget verna temperie tepefieri interiora terrarum, quas glacies hiberna constrinxerit? Norunt 0040A ergo arborum occultam vim caloris vel frigoris, adeo ut radices arborum aut urantur frigore, aut fotu solis virescant. Denique ubi clementia coeli arriserit, varios terra se fundit in fructus.

56. Si igitur radius solis fundit lumen suum super omnem terram, et in ea quae clausa sunt, se inserit, nec vectibus ferreis aut gravium valvarum obicibus, quominus penetret, impeditur; quomodo non potest intelligibilis Dei splendor in cogitationes hominum et corda semet quae ipse creavit, inserere: sed ea quae ipse fecit, non videt, et fecit ut meliora sint quae facta sunt, et potentiora, quam ipse est qui ea fecit, ut possint quando volunt, cognitionem sui operatoris latere? Tantam ergo virtutem et potestatem inseruit mentibus nostris; ut eam comprehendere 0040B cum velit, ipse non possit?