Chapter 19 [VIII.]—How is Eternal Life Both a Reward for Service and a Free Gift of Grace?
And hence there arises no small question, which must be solved by the Lord’s gift. If eternal life is rendered to good works, as the Scripture most openly declares: “Then He shall reward every man according to his works:”141 Matt. xvi. 27. how can eternal life be a matter of grace, seeing that grace is not rendered to works, but is given gratuitously, as the apostle himself tells us: “To him that worketh is the reward not reckoned of grace, but of debt;”142 Rom. iv. 4. and again: “There is a remnant saved according to the election of grace;” with these words immediately subjoined: “And if of grace, then is it no more of works; otherwise grace is no more grace”?143 Rom. xi. 5, 6. How, then, is eternal life by grace, when it is received from works? Does the apostle perchance not say that eternal life is a grace? Nay, he has so called it, with a clearness which none can possibly gainsay. It requires no acute intellect, but only an attentive reader, to discover this. For after saying, “The wages of sin is death,” he at once added, “The grace of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.”144 Rom. vi. 23.
CAPUT VIII.
19. Et nascitur inde non parva quaestio, quae Domino donante solvenda est. Si enim vita aeterna bonis operibus redditur, sicut apertissime dicit Scriptura, Quoniam Deus reddet unicuique secundum opera ejus (Matth. XVI, 27): quomodo gratia est vita aeterna, cum gratia non operibus reddatur, sed gratis detur, ipso Apostolo dicente, Ei qui operatur, merces non imputatur secundum gratiam, sed secundum debitum (Rom. IV, 4)? et iterum, Reliquiae, inquit, per electionem gratiae salvae factae sunt: et mox addidit, Si autem gratia, jam non ex operibus; alioquin gratia jam non est gratia (Id. XI, 5, 6). Quomodo est ergo gratia vita aeterna, quae ex operibus sumitur? An forte vitam aeternam non dixit Apostolus gratiam? Imo vero sic dixit, ut negari omnino non possit; nec intellectorem acutum, sed tantummodo intentum desideret auditorem. Cum enim dixisset, Stipendium peccati, mors; continuo subdidit, Gratia autem Dei, vita aeterna, in Christo Jesu Domino nostro (Id. VI, 23).