Chapter 29 [XXVI.]—How Concupiscence Remains in the Baptized in Act, When It Has Passed Away as to Its Guilt.
In the case, then, of those persons who are born again in Christ, when they receive an entire remission of all their sins, it is of course necessary that the guilt also of the still indwelling concupiscence should be remitted, in order that (as I said) it should not be imputed to them for sin. For even as in the case of those sins which cannot be themselves permanent, since they pass away as soon as they are committed, the guilt yet is permanent, and (if not remitted) will remain for evermore; so, when the concupiscence is remitted, the guilt of it also is taken away. For not to have sin means this, not to be deemed guilty of sin. If a man have (for example) committed adultery, though he do not repeat the sin, he is held to be guilty of adultery until the indulgence in guilt be itself remitted. He has the sin, therefore, remaining, although the particular act of his sin no longer exists, since it has passed away along with the time when it was committed. For if to desist from sinning were the same thing as not to have sins, it would be sufficient if Scripture were content to give us the simple warning, “My son, hast thou sinned? Do so no more.”102 Ecclus. xxi. 1. This, however, does not suffice, for it goes on to say, “Ask forgiveness for thy former sins.”103 Ecclus. xxi. 1. Sins remain, therefore, if they are not forgiven. But how do they remain if they are passed away? Only thus, they have passed away in their act, but they are permanent in their guilt. Contrariwise, then, may it happen that a thing may remain in act, but pass away in guilt.
CAPUT XXVI.
29. Quomodo concupiscentia in baptizatis maneat actu, praetereat reatu. In eis ergo qui regenerantur in Christo cum remissionem accipiunt prorsus omnium peccatorum, utique necesse est ut reatus etiam hujus licet adhuc manentis concupiscentiae remittatur, ut in peccatum, sicut dixi, non imputetur. Nam sicut eorum peccatorum quae manere non possunt, quoniam cum fiunt praetereunt, reatus tamen manet, et nisi remittatur, in aeternum manebit: sic illius , quando remittitur, reatus aufertur. Hoc est enim, non habere peccatum, reum non esse peccati. Nam si quisquam, verbi gratia, fecerit adulterium, etiamsi nunquam deinceps faciat, reus est adulterii, donec reatus ipsius indulgentia remittatur. Habet ergo peccatum, quamvis illud quod admisit jam non sit; quia cum tempore quo factum est praeteriit. Nam si a peccando desistere, hoc esset non habere peccata, sufficeret ut hoc nos moneret Scriptura, Fili, peccasti? non adjicias iterum. Non autem sufficit, sed addidit, Et de pristinis deprecare, ut tibi remittantur (Eccli. XXI, 1). Manent ergo, nisi remittantur. Sed quomodo manent, si praeterita sunt; nisi quia praeterierunt actu, manent reatu? Sic itaque fieri e contrario potest, ut etiam illud maneat actu, praetereat reatu.