Homily XLIX.1095    This Homily is wanting in C. The mod. text swarms with interpolations.

Acts XXIII. 6–8

“But when Paul perceived that the one part were Sadducees, and the other Pharisees, he cried out in the council, Men and brethren, I am a Pharisee, the son of a Pharisee: of the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question. And when he had so said, there arose a dissension between the Pharisees and the Sadducees: and the multitude was divided. For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, neither angel, nor spirit: but the Pharisees confess both.”

Again he discourses simply as man, and he does not on all occasions alike enjoy the benefit of supernatural aid. “I am a Pharisee, the son of a Pharisee:”1096    καὶ ἐν τούτῳ, viz. in saying “I am a Pharisee,” καὶ ἐν τῷ μετὰ ταῦτα, i.e. “Of the hope of resurrection,” etc. Mod. text “but is also permitted to contribute somewhat of himself, which also he does and καὶ ἐν τ., καὶ ἐν τῷ μ. τ. both on this occasion and on that which followed (?) he pleads for himself, wishing,” etc. both in this, and in what comes after it, he wished to divide the multitude, which had an evil unanimity against him. And he does not speak a falsehood here either: for he was a Pharisee by descent from his ancestors. “Of the hope and resurrection of the dead I am called in question.” For since they would not say for what reason they arraigned him, he is compelled therefore to declare it himself. “But the Pharisees,” it says, “confess both.” And yet there are three things: how then does he say both? “Spirit and Angel” is put as one.1097    Mod. text “Either because spirit and angel is one, or because the term ἀμφότερα is taken not only of two but of three.” (This is taken from Ammonius in the Catena. The innovator adds): “the writer therefore uses it καταχρηστικῶς, and not according to strict propriety.” When he is on their side, then they plead for him. “And there arose a great cry: and the scribes that were of the Pharisees’ part arose, and strove, saying, We find no evil in this man: but” (what) “if a spirit has spoken to him, or an angel?”1098    The last clause in the Vulgate text, μὴ θεομαχῶμεν, is unknown to St. Chrys., being in fact quite a modern addition. Chrys. interprets it as an aposiopesis—viz. ποῖον ἔγκλημα; St. Isidore of Pelusium in the Cat. τὸ γὰρ εἰ ἤ ἐστι· τοῦτ᾽ ἐστιν, ἢ πν. ἐλάλησεν αὐτῷ ἢ ἄγγελος. Ammonius ibid. “Either the sentence is left incomplete, viz. but whether a spirit or an angel has spoken to him…is not certain: or, it is to be spoken as on the part of the Pharisees, Εἴδε (?) πν. κ. τ. λ. that is, Behold, he is manifestly asserting the resurrection, taught (κατηχηθείς) either by the Holy Ghost or by an angel the doctrine of the resurrection.” Mod. text using the latter: “Where is the crime, if an angel has spoken to him, if a spirit, and taught (κατηχηθείς) by him, he thus teaches the doctrine of the resurrection?” (and then, adopting the modern addition μὴ θεομ.), “then let us not stand off from him, lest warring with him, we be found also fighting against God.”1099    The Pharisees were uniformly more favorably inclined to Christianity than the rival sect of the Sadducees. The latter, as disbelieving in the resurrection and the spirit-world, would be especially prejudiced against a system which made these tenets so central. The Pharisees, on the other hand, agreed on these points with Christianity. It is evident that in his defence here before the Sanhedrin Paul wishes to conciliate the Pharasaic party so far as can be done by emphasizing his own agreement with them respecting the resurrection. They, as believers in this doctrine, would have less prejudice against Paul’s teaching concerning Christ’s resurrection. In asserting his Pharasaic ancestry, Paul wishes to establish a point of connection with them and thus gain a foothold for the defence of his central truth of Christ’s resurrection, which justifies him in being His disciple and servant.—G.B.S. (v. 9.) Why did they not plead for him before this? Do you observe, how, when the passions give way, the truth is discovered? Where is the crime, say they, if an angel has spoken to him, or a spirit? Paul gives them no handle against him. “And when there arose a great dissension, the tribune, fearing lest Paul should have been pulled in pieces of them, commanded the soldiers to go down, and to take him by force from among them, and to bring him into the castle.” (v. 10.) The tribune is afraid of his being pulled in pieces, now that he has said that he is a Roman: and the matter was not without danger. Do you observe that Paul had a right to profess himself a Roman? Else, neither would (the tribune) have been afraid now. So it remains that the soldiers must bear him off by force. But when the wretches saw all to be without avail, they take the whole matter into their own hands, as they would fain have done before, but were prevented: and their wickedness stops nowhere, though it received so many checks: and yet how many things were providentially ordered, on purpose that they might settle down from their rage, and learn those things through which they might possibly recover themselves! But none the less do they set upon him. Sufficient for proof of his innocence was even this, that the man was saved when at the point to be pulled in pieces, and that with these so great dangers about him, he escaped them all. “And the night following the Lord stood by him, and said, Be of good cheer, Paul: for as thou hast testified of Me in Jerusalem, so must thou bear witness also at Rome. And when it was day, certain of the Jews banded together, and bound themselves under a curse, saying that they would neither eat nor drink till they had killed Paul. And they were more than forty which had made this conspiracy.” (v. 11–13.) “They bound themselves under a curse,” it says. See how vehement and revengeful they are in their malice! What means, “bound under a curse?”1100    To this question mod. text interpolates for answer from Ammonius in the Catena, “that is, they declared themselves to be out of the pale of the faith to Godward, if they should not do that which was determined against Paul.” Why then those men are accused forever, seeing they did not kill Paul. And forty together. For such is the nature of that nation: when there needs concerting together for a good object, not even two concur with each other: but when it is for an evil object, the entire people does it. And they admit the rulers also as accomplices. “And they came to the chief priests and elders, and said, We have bound ourselves under a great curse that we will eat nothing until we have slain Paul. Now therefore ye with the council signify to the tribune that he bring him down unto you to-morrow, as though ye would enquire something more perfectly concerning him: and we, or ever he come near, are ready to kill him. And when Paul’s sister’s son heard of their lying in wait, he went and entered into the castle, and told Paul. Then Paul called one of the centurions unto him, and said, Bring this young man unto the tribune: For he hath a certain thing to tell him. So he took him, and brought him to the tribune, and said, Paul the prisoner called me unto him, and prayed me to bring this young man unto thee, who hath something to say unto thee. Then the tribune took him by the hand, and went with him aside privately, and asked him, What is that thou hast to tell me? And he said, the Jews have agreed to desire thee that thou wouldest bring down Paul to-morrow into the council, as though they would enquire somewhat of him more perfectly. But do not thou yield unto them for there lie in wait for him of them more than forty men, which have bound themselves with an oath, that they will neither eat nor drink till they have killed him: and now are they ready, looking for a promise from thee. So the tribune then let the young man depart, and charged him, See thou tell no man that thou hast showed these things to me.” (v. 14–22). Again he is saved by man’s forethought. And observe: Paul lets no man learn this, not even the centurion, that the matter might not become known. And the centurion having come, reported to the tribune. And it is well done of the tribune also, that he bids him keep it secret, that it might not become known: moreover he gives his orders to the centurions only, at the time when the thing was to be done: and so Paul is sent into Cæsarea, that there too he might discourse in a greater theatre and before a more splendid audience: that so the Jews may not be able to say, “If we had seen Paul, we would have believed—if we had heard him teaching.” Therefore this excuse too is cut off from them. “And the Lord,” it said, “stood by him, and said, Be of good cheer: for as thou hast testified of Me in Jerusalem, so must thou bear witness also at Rome.” (Yet) even after He has appeared to him, He again suffers him to be saved by man’s means. And one may well be astonished at Paul;1101    Καὶ ἄξιον ἐκπλαγῆναι τὸν Παῦλον· (A. and Cat. omit this) τί δὴ τοῦτο; οὐκ ἐθορυβήθη, οὐδὲ εἶπε. Here mod. text rightly transposes τί δὴ τοῦτο. he was not taken aback, neither said, “Why, what is this? Have I then been deceived by Christ?” but he believed: yet, because he believed, he did not therefore sleep: no; what was in his own power by means of human wisdom, he did not abandon. “Bound themselves by a curse:” it was a kind of necessity that those men fastened on themselves by the curse. “That they would neither eat nor drink.” Behold fasting the mother of murder! Just as Herod imposed on himself that necessity by his oath, so also do these. For such are the devil’s (ways): under the pretext forsooth of piety he sets his traps. “And they came to the chief priests,” etc. And yet they ought to have come (to the tribune), ought to have laid a charge, and assembled a court of justice: for these are not the doings for priests, but for captains of banditti, these are not the doings for rulers, but for ruffians. They endeavor also to corrupt the ruler: but it was providentially ordered, to the intent that he also should learn of their plot. For not (only) by their having nothing to say, but also by their secret attempt, they convicted themselves that they were naught. It is likely too that after (Paul was gone) the chief priests came to (the tribune) making their request, and were put to shame. For1102    Mod. text “And with reason the tribune does this (i.e. sends Paul away): for of course he did not wish either to gratify (χαρίσασθαι) or to assent.” But the meaning is: “If he had not been informed of their plot, he would have been embarrassed by the request, not liking to refuse, nor yet to grant it.” of course he would not have liked either to deny or to grant their request. How came he to believe (the young man’s tale)? He did so in consequence of what had already taken place; because it was likely they would do this also. And observe their wickedness: they as good as laid a necessity on the chief priests also: for if they undertook so great a thing themselves, and engaged themselves in the whole risk, much more ought those to do thus much. Do you observe, how Paul is held innocent by those that are without, as was also Christ by Pilate? See their malice brought to naught: they delivered him up, to kill and condemn him: but the result is just the contrary; he is both saved, and held innocent. For had it not been so,1103    εἰ γὰρ μὴ οὕτω. Cat. οὗτος: “but for this man (the tribune.)” he would have been pulled in pieces: had it not been so, he would have perished, he would have been condemned. And not only does (the tribune) rescue him from the rush (made upon him), but also from much other1104    Mod. text omits ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄλλης πολλῆς· ὅρα πῶς. (violence): see how he becomes a minister to him, insomuch that without risk he is carried off safe with so large a force. “And he called unto him two centurions, saying, Make ready two hundred soldiers to go to Cæsarea, and horsemen threescore and ten, and spearmen two hundred, at the third hour of the night; and provide them beasts, that they may set Paul on, and bring him safe unto Felix the governor. And he wrote a letter after this manner: Claudius Lysias unto the most excellent governor Felix sendeth greeting. This man was taken of the Jews, and should have been killed of them: then came I with an army, and rescued him, having understood that he was a Roman. And when I would have known the cause wherefore they accused him, I brought him forth into their council: whom I perceived to be accused of questions of their law, but to have nothing laid to his charge worthy of death or of bonds. And when it was told me how that the Jews laid wait for the man, I sent straightway to thee, and gave commandment to his accusers also to say before thee what they had against him. Fare ye well.” (v. 23–30). See how the letter speaks for him as a defence—for it says, “I found nothing worthy of death,” but as accusation against them (rather) than against him. “About to have been killed of them:” so set upon his death were they. First, “I came with the army, and rescued him:” then also “I brought him down unto them:” and not even so did they find anything to lay to his charge: and when they ought to have been stricken with fear and shame for the former act, they again attempt to kill him, insomuch that again his cause became all the more clear. “And his accusers,” he says, “I have sent unto thee:” that at the tribunal where these things are more strictly examined, he may be proved guiltless.

(Recapitulation.) Let us look then to what has been said above. “I,” he says, “am a Pharisee:” then, that he may not seem to pay court, he adds, “Of the hope and resurrection of the dead it is, that I am called in question.” (v. 6.) From this charge and calumny he commends himself. “For the Sadducees indeed,” etc. The Sadducees have no knowledge of anything incorporeal, perhaps not even God; so gross (παχεἵς) are they: whence neither do they choose to believe that there is a Resurrection. “And the scribes,” etc. Look; the tribune also hears that the Pharisees have acquitted him of the charges, and have given sentence (mss. and Edd. ἐψηφίσατο, “he gave sentence”) in his favor, and with greater confidence carries him off by force. Moreover all that was spoken (by Paul) was full of right-mindedness (φιλοσοφίας). “And the night following the Lord stood by him,” etc. See what strong consolation! First he praises him, “As thou hast testified to My cause in Jerusalem;” then He does not leave him to be afraid for the uncertain issue of his journey to Rome: for thither also, He saith, thou shalt not depart alone (μόνος, Cat. and Edd. μόνον), but thou shalt also have all this boldness of speech. Hereby it was made manifest, not (only) that he should be saved, but that (he should be so) in order to great crowns in the great city. But why did He not appear to him before he fell into the danger? Because it is evermore in the afflictions that God comforts us; for He appears more wished-for, while even in the dangers He exercises and trains us. Besides, he was then at ease, when free from bonds; but now great perils were awaiting him. “We have bound ourselves,” they say, “under a curse, that we will not eat nor drink.” (v. 14.) What is all this zeal? “That he may bring him down,” it says, “unto you, as though ye would enquire into his case more perfectly.” (v. 15.) Has he not twice made a speech unto you? has he not said that he is a Pharisee? What (would ye have) over and above this? So reckless were they and afraid of nothing, not tribunals, not laws: such their hardihood which shrunk from nothing. They both declare their purpose, and announce the way of carrying it into effect. “Paul’s sister’s son heard of it.” (v. 16.) This was of God’s providence, their not perceiving that it would be heard. What then did Paul? he was not alarmed, but perceived that this was God’s doing: and casting all upon Him, so he acquits himself (from further concern about it:) “having called one of the centurions,” etc. (v. 17.) He told of the plot, he was believed; he is saved. If he was acquitted of the charge, why did (the tribune) send the accusers? That the enquiry might be more strict: that the man might be the more entirely cleared.

Such are God’s ways of ordering: the very things by which we are hurt, by these same are we benefited. Thus it was with Joseph: his mistress sought to ruin him: and she seemed indeed to be contriving his ruin, but by her contriving she placed him in a state of safety: for the house where that wild beast (of a woman) was kept was a den in comparison with which the prison was gentle. (Gen. xxxix. 1–20.) For while he was there, although he was looked up to and courted, he was in constant fear, lest his mistress should set upon him, and worse than any prison was the fear that lay upon him: but after the accusation he was in security and peace, well rid of that beast, of her lewdness and her machinations for his destruction: for it was better for him to keep company with human creatures in miserable plight, than with a maddened mistress. Here he comforted himself, that for chastity’s sake he had fallen into it: there he had been in dread, lest he should receive a death-blow to his soul: for nothing in the world is more annoying than a woman in love can be to a young man who will not (meet her advances): nothing more detestable (than a woman in such case), nothing more fell: all the bonds in the world are light to this. So that the fact was not that he got into prison, but that he got out of prison. She made his master his foe, but she made God his friend: brought him into closer relation to Him Who is indeed the true Master; she cast him out of his stewardship in the family, but made him a familiar friend to that Master. Again, his brethren sold him (Gen. xxxvii. 18); but they freed him from having enemies dwelling in the same house with him, from envy and much ill will, and from daily machinations for his ruin: they placed him far aloof from them that hated him. For what can be worse than this, to be compelled to dwell in the same house with brethren that envy one; to be an object of suspicion, to be a mark for evil designs? So that while they and she were severally seeking to compass their own ends, far other were the mighty consequences working out by the Providence of God for that just man. When he was in honor, then was he in danger; when he was in dishonor, then was he in safety. The eunuchs did not remember him, and right well it was that they did not, that the occasion of his deliverance might be more glorious: that the whole might be ascribed, not to man’s favor, but to God’s Providence (Gen. xl. 23): that at the right moment, Pharaoh, reduced to need, might bring him out; that not as conferring but as receiving a benefit, the king might release him from the prison. (ib. xli. 40.) It behooved to be no servile gift, but that the king should be reduced to a necessity of doing this: it behooved that it should be made manifest what wisdom was in him. Therefore it is that the eunuch forgets him, that Egypt might not forget him, that the king might not be ignorant of him. Had he been delivered at that time, it is likely he would have desired to depart to his own country: therefore he is kept back by numberless constraints, first by subjection to a master, secondly by being in prison, thirdly by being over the kingdom, to the end that all this might be brought about by the Providence of God. Like a spirited steed that is eager to bound off to his fellows, did God keep him back there, for causes full of glory. For that he longed to see his father, and free him from his distress, is evident from his calling him thither. (Gen. xlv. 9.)

Shall we look at other instances of evil designing, how they turn out to our good, not only by having their reward, but also by their working at the very time precisely what is for our good? This (Joseph’s) uncle (Esau) had ill designs against his father (Jacob), and drove him out of his native land: what then? (Gen. xxvii. 41.) He too set him (thereby) aloof from the danger; for he too got (thereby) to be in safety. He made him a wiser and a better man (φιλοσοφώτερον); he was the means of his having that dream (Gen. xxviii. 12.) But, you will say, he was a slave in a foreign land? Yes, but he arrives among his own kindred, and receives a bride, and appears worthy to his father-in-law. (ib. xxix. 23.) But he too cheated him? Yes, but this also turned out to his good, that he might be the father of many children. But it was in his mind to design evil against him? True, but even this was for his good, that he might thereupon return to his own country; for if he had been in good circumstances, he would not have so longed for home. But he defrauded him of his hire? Aye, but he got more by the means. (ib. xxxi. 7.) Thus, in every point of these men’s history, the more people designed their hurt, the more their affairs flourished. If (Jacob) had not received the elder daughter, he would not soon have been the father of so many children; he would have dragged out a long period in childlessness, he would have mourned as his wife did. For she indeed had reason to mourn, as not having become a mother (ib. xxx. 1, 2.); but he had his consolation: whence also he gives her a repulse. Again, had not (Laban) defrauded him of his hire, he would not have longed to see his own country; the higher points (φιλοσοφία) of the man’s character would not have come to light, (his wives) would not have become more closely attached to him. For see what they say: “With devouring hath he devoured us and our money.” (Gen. xxxi. 15.) So that this became the means of riveting their love to him. After this he had in them not merely wives, but (devoted) slaves; he was beloved by them: a thing that no possession can equal: for nothing, nothing whatever, is more precious than to be thus loved by a wife and to love her. “And a wife,” Scripture says, “that agrees with her husband.” (Ecclus. xxv. 1) “A man and a wife that agree together.” E.V.) One thing this, as the Wise Man puts it, of the things for which a man is to be counted happy; for where this is, there all wealth, all prosperity abounds: as also, where it is not, there all besides profits nothing, but all goes wrong, all is mere unpleasantness and confusion. Then let us seek this before all things. He that seeks money, seeks not this. Let us seek those things which can remain fixed. Let us not seek a wife from among the rich, lest the excess of wealth on her side produce arrogance, lest that arrogance be the means of marring all. See you not what God did? how He put the woman in subjection? (Gen. iii. 16.) Why art thou ungrateful, why without perception? The very benefit God has given thee by nature, do not thou mar the help it was meant to be. So that it is not for her wealth that we ought to seek a wife: it is that we may receive a partner of our life, for the appointed order of the procreation of children. It was not that she should bring money, that God gave the woman; it was that she might be an helpmate. But she that brings money, becomes, instead of a wife, a setter up of her own will (ἐπίβουλος), a mistress—it may be a wild beast instead of a wife—while she thinks she has a right to give herself airs upon her wealth. Nothing more shameful than a man who lays himself out to get riches in this way. If wealth itself is full of temptations, what shall we say to wealth so gotten? For you must not look to this, that one or another as a rare and unusual case, and contrary to the reason of the thing, has succeeded: as neither ought we in other matters to fix our regards upon the good which people may enjoy, or their chance successes, out of the common course: but let us look to the reason of the thing as it is in itself, and see whether this thing be not fraught with endless annoyance. Not only you bring yourself into a disreputable position; you also disgrace your children by leaving them poor, if it chance that you depart this life before the wife: and you give her incomparably more occasions for connecting herself with a second bridegroom. Or do you not see that many women make this the excuse for a second marriage—that they may not be despised; that they want to have some man to take the management of their property? Then let us not bring about so great evils for the sake of money; but let us dismiss all (such aims), and seek a beautiful soul, that we may also succeed in obtaining love. This is the exceeding wealth, this the great treasure, this the endless good things: whereunto may we all attain by the grace and loving kindness of our Lord Jesus Christ, with Whom to the Father and the Holy Ghost together be glory, dominion, honor, now and ever, world without end. Amen.

ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΜΘʹ. Γνοὺς δὲ ὁ Παῦλος, ὅτι τὸ ἓν μέρος ἐστὶ Σαδδου καίων: τὸ δὲ ἕτερον Φαρισαίων, ἔκραξεν ἐν τῷ συνεδρίῳ: Ἄνδρες ἀδελφοὶ, ἐγὼ Φαρισαῖός εἰμι, υἱὸς Φαρισαίου: περὶ ἐλπίδος καὶ ἀναστάσεως νεκρῶν ἐγὼ κρίνομαι. Ταῦτα δὲ αὐτοῦ λαλήσαν τος, ἐγένετο στάσις τῶν Σαδδουκαίων καὶ Φαρι σαίων, καὶ ἐσχίσθη τὸ πλῆθος. Σαδδουκαῖοι μὲν γὰρ λέγουσι, μὴ εἶναι ἀνάστασιν, μηδὲ ἄγγελον, μήτε πνεῦμα: Φαρισαῖοι δὲ ὁμολογοῦσι τὰ ἀμφό τερα. αʹ. Πάλιν ἀνθρωπίνως διαλέγεται, καὶ οὐ πανταχοῦ τῆς χάριτος ἀπολαύει, ἀλλὰ καὶ παρ' ἑαυτοῦ τι συγχωρεῖται εἰσφέρειν: ὃ δὴ καὶ ποιεῖ, καὶ ἐν τούτῳ καὶ ἐν τῷ μετὰ ταῦτα ἀπολογεῖται, βουλόμενος σχίσαι τὸ πλῆθος τὸ κακῶς ὁμονοοῦν κατ' αὐτοῦ. Καὶ οὐ ψεύδεται οὐδὲ ἐνταῦθα, Φαρισαῖον ἑαυτὸν λέγων: Φαρισαῖος γὰρ ἦν ἐκ προγόνων. Διὰ τοῦτο καὶ οὕτως ἀπολογεῖται: Φαρισαῖος ἐγώ εἰμι, υἱὸς Φαρισαίου, καὶ περὶ ἐλπίδος καὶ ἀναστάσεως νεκρῶν ἐγὼ κρίνομαι. Ἐπειδὴ γὰρ ἐκεῖνοι οὐκ ἐβούλοντο εἰπεῖν διὰ τί κρίνουσιν αὐτὸν, ἀναγκάζεται λοιπὸν αὐτὸς ἐξειπεῖν. Φαρισαῖοι δὲ, φησὶν, ὁμολογοῦσι τὰ ἀμφότερα. Καὶ μὴν τρία ἐστί: πῶς οὖν λέγει Ἀμφότερα; Ἢ ὅτι πνεῦμα καὶ ἄγγελος ἕν ἐστιν, ἢ ὅτι οὐ μόνον ἡ λέξις περὶ δύο, ἀλλὰ καὶ περὶ τριῶν λαμβάνεται. Καταχρηστικῶς οὖν οὕτως εἶπε, καὶ οὐ κυριολογῶν. Καὶ ὅρα: ὅτε μετ' αὐτῶν ἔστη, τότε ἀπολογοῦνται ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ. Ἐγένετο γὰρ, φησὶ, κραυγὴ μεγάλη: καὶ ἀναστάντες τῶν γραμματέων τοῦ μέρους τῶν Φαρισαίων, διεμάχοντο λέγοντες: Οὐδὲν κακὸν εὑρίσκομεν ἐν τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ τούτῳ. Εἰ δὲ πνεῦμα ἐλάλησεν αὐτῷ ἢ ἄγγελος, μὴ θεομαχῶμεν. Καὶ διὰ τί μὴ πρὸ τούτου ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ ἀπελογήσαντο; Ὅτι αὐτοῖς οὔπω συνεμίγνυτο, οὐδὲ δῆλον ἦν, πρὶν ἀπολογήσεται, Φαρισαῖος ἄνωθεν ὤν. Ὁρᾷς, ὅταν τὰ πάθη ὑποχωρήσῃ, πῶς ἡ ἀλήθεια εὑρίσκεται; Ὃ δὲ λέγουσι, τοῦτό ἐστι: ποῖον ἔγκλημα, εἰ ἄγγελος αὐτῷ ἐλάλησεν, εἰ πνεῦμα, καὶ ὑπ' αὐτοῦ κατηχηθεὶς, οὕτω τὰ περὶ ἀναστάσεως ἐκδιδάσκει; Οὐκοῦν αὐτοῦ ἀποστῶμεν, μὴ αὐτῷ πολεμοῦντες καὶ θεομάχοι εὑρεθῶμεν. Ὅρα συνετῶς αὐτοὺς ὑπεραπολογουμένους, καὶ τὸν Παῦλον οὐδεμίαν αὐτοῖς διδόντα λαβήν. Πολλῆς δὲ γενομένης στάσεως, φοβηθεὶς ὁ χιλίαρχος, μὴ διασπασθῇ ὁ Παῦλος ὑπ' αὐτῶν, ἐκέλευσε τὸ στράτευμα καταβὰν ἁρπάσαι αὐτὸν ἐκ μέσου αὐτῶν, ἀγαγεῖν τε εἰς τὴν παρεμβολήν. Φοβεῖται λοιπὸν ὁ χιλίαρχος, μὴ διασπασθῇ, ἐπειδὴ εἶπεν, ὅτι Ῥωμαῖός ἐστιν: ὅθεν καὶ οὐκ ἀκίνδυνον ἦν τὸ πρᾶγμα. Ὁρᾷς, ὅτι δικαίως ὡμολόγησεν ἑαυτὸν Ῥωμαῖον εἶναι; ἦ γὰρ ἂν οὐδὲ νῦν ἐφοβήθη. Καὶ τὸ μὲν στράτευμα λοιπὸν ἁρπάζει αὐτόν. Ὡς δὲ εἶδον οἱ μιαροὶ πάντα ἀνήνυτα, δι' ἑαυτῶν τὸ πᾶν ποιοῦσι, βουληθέντες μὲν καὶ πρὸ τούτου, κωλυθέντες δέ: οὕτως οὐδαμοῦ ἵσταται ἡ κακία τοσούτοις ἐγκοπτομένη: καίτοι πόσα ᾠκονομήθη, ὥστε καὶ τοῦ θυμοῦ καθυφεῖναι, καὶ μαθεῖν δι' ὧν ἐδύναντο ἀνενεγκεῖν. Ἀλλ' οὐδὲν ἧττον ἐφίστανται. Ἱκανὴ γοῦν ἐκείνη ἡ ἀπολογία, τὸ μέλλοντα διασπᾶσθαι τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἁρπάζεσθαι, καὶ τοσούτους κινδύνους διαφυγεῖν: Τῇ δὲ ἐπιούσῃ νυκτὶ ἐπιστὰς αὐτῷ ὁ Κύριος, εἶπε: Θάρσει: ὡς γὰρ διεμαρτύρω τὰ περὶ ἐμοῦ εἰς Ἱερουσαλὴμ, οὕτω σε δεῖ καὶ εἰς Ῥώμην μαρτυρῆσαι. Γενομένης δὲ ἡμέρας, ποιήσαντες οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι συστροφὴν, ἀνεθεμάτισαν ἑαυτοὺς μὴ φαγεῖν μηδὲ πιεῖν, ἕως οὗ ἀνέλωσι τὸν Παῦλον. Ἦσαν δὲ πλείους τεσσαράκοντα οἱ ταύτην τὴν συνωμοσίαν πεποιηκότες. Ἀνεθεμάτισαν ἑαυτοὺς, φησίν. Ὁρᾷς πῶς εἰσι σφοδροὶ καὶ ἀμυντικοὶ περὶ τὴν κακίαν; Τί ἐστιν, Ἀνεθεμάτισαν; Ἀντὶ τοῦ, Ἔξω εἶναι τῆς εἰς Θεὸν πίστεως εἶπον, εἰ μὴ τὸ δόξαν κατὰ Παύλου ποιήσαιεν. Ἄρα διαπαντός εἰσιν ἀνατεθεματισμένοι ἐκεῖνοι: οὐ γὰρ ἀπέκτειναν τὸν Παῦλον. Καὶ τεσσαράκοντα ὁμοῦ συνέρχονται. Τοιοῦτον γὰρ τὸ ἔθνος, ὅταν μὲν ἐπὶ ἀγαθῷ δέῃ συμφωνῆσαι, οὐδὲ δύο συντρέχουσιν: ὅταν δὲ ἐπὶ κακῷ, δῆμος ὁλόκληρος. Καὶ λαμβάνουσι κοινωνοὺς καὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας: διὸ καὶ τοῦτο δηλῶν ἐπήγαγεν: Οἵτινες προσελθόντες τοῖς ἀρχιερεῦσι καὶ τοῖς πρεσβυτέροις εἶπον: Ἀναθέματι ἀνεθεματίσαμεν ἑαυτοὺς μηδενὸς γεύσασθαι, ἕως οὗ ἀποκτείνωμεν τὸν Παῦλον. Νῦν οὖν ὑμεῖς ἐμφανίσατε ἑαυτοὺς τῷ χιλιάρχῳ ἐν τῷ συνεδρίῳ, ὅπως αὐτὸν καταγάγῃ πρὸς ὑμᾶς, ὡς μέλλοντας διαγινώσκειν ἀκριβέστερον τὰ περὶ αὐτοῦ: ἡμεῖς δὲ, πρὸ τοῦ ἐγγίσαι αὐτὸν, ἕτοιμοί ἐσμεν τοῦ ἀνελεῖν αὐτόν. Ἀκούσας δὲ ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀδελφῆς Παύλου τὸ ἔνεδρον, παραγενόμενος καὶ εἰσελθὼν εἰς τὴν παρεμβολὴν, ἀπήγγειλε τῷ Παύλῳ. Προσκαλεσάμενος δὲ ὁ Παῦλος ἕνα τῶν ἑκατοντάρχων, ἔφη: Τὸν νεανίαν τοῦτον ἀπάγαγε πρὸς τὸν χιλίαρχον: ἔχει γάρ τι ἀπαγγεῖλαι αὐτῷ. Ὁ μὲν οὖν παραλαβὼν αὐτὸν, ἤγαγε πρὸς τὸν χιλίαρχον. Πάλιν δι' ἀνθρωπίνης σώζεται προμηθείας. Καὶ ὅρα: ὁ Παῦλος οὐδένα ἀφίησι μαθεῖν, οὐδὲ τὸν ἑκατόνταρχον, ὥστε μὴ τὸ πρᾶγμα γενέσθαι διάδηλον. Καὶ ἐλθὼν ὁ ἑκατόνταρχος, ἀνήγγειλε τῷ χιλιάρχῳ, λέγων: Ὁ δέσμιος Παῦλος προσκαλεσάμενός με, ἠρώτησε τοῦτον τὸν νεανίαν ἀγαγεῖν πρὸς σὲ, ἔχοντά τι λαλῆσαί σοι. Ἐπιλαβόμενος δὲ τῆς χειρὸς αὐτοῦ ὁ χιλίαρχος καὶ ἀναχωρήσας κατ' ἰδίαν, ἐπυνθάνετο: Τί ἐστιν, ὃ ἔχεις ἀπαγγεῖλαί μοι; Εἶπε δὲ, ὅτι Ἰουδαῖοι συνέθεντο τοῦ ἐρωτῆσαί σε, ὅπως αὔριον τὸν Παῦλον καταγάγῃς εἰς τὸ συνέδριον ὡς μελλόντων τι ἀκριβέστερον πυνθάνεσθαι παρ' αὐτοῦ. Σὺ οὖν μὴ πεισθῇς αὐτοῖς: ἐνεδρεύουσι γὰρ ἐξ αὐτῶν ἄνδρες πλείους τεσσαράκοντα, οἵτινες ἀνεθεμάτισαν ἑαυτοὺς μήτε φαγεῖν μήτε πιεῖν, ἕως οὗ ἀνέλωσι τὸν Παῦλον: καὶ νῦν ἕτοιμοί εἰσι προσδεχόμενοι τὴν παρὰ σοῦ ἐπαγγελίαν. Ὁ μὲν οὖν χιλίαρχος ἀπέλυσε τὸν νεανίαν, παραγγείλας μηδενὶ ἐκλαλῆσαι, ὅτι ἐνεφάνισας ταῦτα πρός με. βʹ. Καλῶς ὁ χιλίαρχος κελεύει κρύψαι, ὥστε μὴ γενέσθαι δῆλον. Καὶ τότε λέγει τοῖς ἑκατοντάρχοις, ὅτε καὶ γενέσθαι ἐχρῆν: καὶ πέμπεται λοιπὸν ἐν Καισαρείᾳ, ἵνα κἀκεῖ διαλεχθῇ ἐπὶ μείζονος θεάτρου καὶ λαμπροτέρου τοῦ ἀκροατηρίου: ἵνα μὴ ἔχωσι λέγειν οἱ Ἰουδαῖοι, ὅτι εἰ εἴδομεν Παῦλον, ἐπιστεύσαμεν ἂν, εἰ ἠκούσαμεν αὐτοῦ διδάσκοντος. Καὶ αὕτη οὖν αὐτοῖς ἐντεῦθεν ἡ ἀπολογία ἐκκόπτεται. Καὶ ἐπιστὰς, φησὶν, ὁ Κύριος εἶπεν αὐτῷ: Θάρσει: ὡς γὰρ διεμαρτύρω τὰ περὶ ἐμοῦ εἰς Ἱερουσαλὴμ, οὕτω σε δεῖ καὶ εἰς Ῥώμην μαρτυρῆσαι. Ὅρα, καὶ μετὰ τὸ φανῆναι, πᾶλιν ἀφίησιν αὐτὸν ἀνθρωπίνως σωθῆναι. Καὶ ἄξιον ἐκπλαγῆναι τὸν Παῦλον, πῶς οὐκ ἐθορυβήθη, οὐδὲ εἶπε: Τί δὴ τοῦτό ἐστιν; ἆρα μὴ ἠπάτημαι παρὰ τοῦ Χριστοῦ; Ἀλλ' οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον ἐνενόησεν, οὐδὲ ἔπαθεν, ἀλλὰ μόνον ἐπίστευσεν: οὐ μὴν ἐπειδὴ ἐπίστευσεν, ὕπνωσεν, ἀλλὰ τὰ ἐνόντα ἐξ ἀνθρωπίνης σοφίας συνιδεῖν οὐ προῆκε. Καὶ σκόπει πῶς ἀνάγκην τινὰ ἑαυτοῖς ἐκεῖνοι περιέθηκαν διὰ τοῦ ἀναθεματισμοῦ. Ἰδοὺ νηστεία ἀνδροφονίας μήτηρ. Καθάπερ ὁ Ἡρώδης ἀνάγκην τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ ὅρκου ἑαυτῷ ἐπέθηκεν: οὕτω δὴ καὶ οὗτοι. Τοιαῦτα γὰρ τὰ διαβολικὰ θήρατρα: προσχήματι δῆθεν εὐλαβείας τὰς παγίδας τίθησι. Καὶ μὴν ἐχρῆν προσελθεῖν, ἐχρῆν αἰτιάσασθαι, δικαστήριον συγκροτῆσαι: ταῦτα γὰρ οὐχ ἱερέων, ἀλλὰ λῃστάρχων, ταῦτα οὐκ ἀρχόντων, ἀλλὰ λυμεώνων. Καὶ ὅρα κακίας ὑπερβολήν. Οὐ μόνον ἀλλήλους διαφθείραντες ἀρκοῦνται, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν ἄρχοντα συνδιαφθεῖραι ἐπιχειροῦσι: διὰ τοῦτο ᾠκονομήθη ὥστε κἀκεῖνον μαθεῖν αὐτῶν τὴν ἐπιβουλήν. Αὐτοὶ δὲ οὐ μόνον ἐκ τοῦ μηδὲν ἔχειν εἰπεῖν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐκ τοῦ λάθρα ἐπιχειρεῖν ἤλεγξαν ἑαυτοὺς οὐδὲν ὄντας. Εἰκὸς δὲ καὶ μετὰ τὸ ἀποσταλῆναι αὐτὸν, προσελθεῖν τοὺς ἀρχιερεῖς αἰτοῦντας, καὶ καταισχυνθῆναι ἀπράκτους ἀπολυθέντας. Εἰκότως δὲ τοῦτο ποιεῖ ὁ χιλίαρχος: οὐ γὰρ δὴ ἐβούλετο οὔτε χαρίσασθαι οὔτε ἐπινεῦσαι. Καὶ πῶς, φησὶν, ἐπίστευσεν ἀληθῆ εἶναι τὰ ἐπαγγελθέντα παρὰ τοῦ νεανίου; Ἐκ τῶν ἤδη γενομένων ἐστοχάσατο, ὅτι καὶ τοῦτο εἰκὸς ἦν αὐτοὺς ποιῆσαι. Καὶ ὅρα τὴν κακουργίαν: ὥσπερ ἀνάγκην καὶ τοῖς ἀρχιερεῦσιν ἐπέστησαν. Καὶ μὴ θαυμάσῃς: εἰ γὰρ τοσοῦτον εἵλοντο αὐτοὶ, καὶ τὸν κίνδυνον ἀνεδέξαντο πάντα, πολλῷ μᾶλλον καὶ ἐκείνους τοῦτο ποιῆσαι εἰκὸς ἦν. Ὁρᾷς, πῶς διὰ τῆς ψήφου τῶν ἔξω ἀθῶος γίνεται ὁ Παῦλος, ὡς καὶ ὁ Χριστὸς παρὰ Πιλάτου; Ἀλλ' ὅρα καὶ τὴν κακίαν ὑφ' ἑαυτῆς ἀναιρουμένην. Παρέδωκαν μὲν γὰρ αὐτὸν, ὥστε καὶ ἀνελεῖν καὶ καταδικάσαι: γίνεται δὲ τοὐναντίον, καὶ σώζεται, καὶ ἀθῶος εὑρίσκεται. Εἰ γὰρ μὴ οὕτω, κἂν διεσπάσθη: εἰ μὴ οὕτω, κἂν ἀπώλετο, κἂν κατεδικάσθη. Οὐ μόνον δὲ ἐκείνης αὐτὸν τῆς ὁρμῆς ἐξαιρεῖται ὁ χιλίαρχος, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὑπηρέτης αὐτῷ γίνεται, ὥστε ἀκινδύνως διασωθῆναι μετὰ τοσαύτης παρατάξεως: καὶ ὅπως, ἄκουε: ἐπάγει γάρ: Καὶ προσκαλεσάμενος δύο τινὰς τῶν ἑκατοντάρχων, εἶπε: Ἑτοιμάσατέ μοι στρατιώτας διακοσίους, ὅπως πορευθῶσιν εἰς Καισάρειαν, καὶ ἱππεῖς ἑβδομήκοντα, καὶ δεξιολάβους διακοσίους, ἀπὸ τρίτης ὥρας τῆς νυκτὸς, κτήνη τε παραστῆσαι, ἵνα ἐπιβιβάσαντες τὸν Παῦλον, ἀγάγωσι πρὸς Φήλικα τὸν ἡγεμόνα: γράψας ἐπιστολὴν, περιέχουσαν τὸν τύπον τοῦτον: Κλαύδιος Λυσίας τῷ κρατίστῳ ἡγεμόνι Φήλικι χαίρειν. Τὸν ἄνδρα τοῦτον συλληφθέντα ὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων, καὶ μέλλοντα ἀναιρεῖσθαι ὑπ' αὐτῶν, ἐπιστὰς σὺν τῷ στρατεύματι ἐξειλόμην μαθὼν, ὅτι Ῥωμαῖός ἐστι: βουλόμενος δὲ γνῶναι τὴν αἰτίαν, δι' ἣν ἐνεκάλουν αὐτῷ, κατήγαγον αὐτὸν εἰς τὸ συνέδριον αὐτῶν. Ὃν εὗρον ἐγκαλούμενον περὶ ζητημάτων τοῦ νόμου αὐτῶν, μηδὲν ἄξιον θανάτου ἢ δεσμῶν ἔγκλημα ἔχοντα. Μηνυθείσης δέ μοι ἐπιβουλῆς μέλλειν ἔσεσθαι εἰς τὸν ἄνδρα ὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐξ αὐτῶν, ἔπεμψα πρὸς σὲ, παραγγείλας καὶ τοῖς κατηγόροις λέγειν τὰ πρὸς αὐτὸν ἐπὶ σοῦ. Ἔῤῥωσο: Ὅρα καὶ τὴν ἐπιστολὴν ἀπολογίαν ἔχουσαν μὲν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ (Οὐδὲν γὰρ, φησὶν, εὗρον ἄξιον θανάτου ἔγκλημα ἔχοντα), κατηγορίαν δὲ κατ' ἐκείνων ἢ κατὰ τούτου: οὕτως ἐθανάτων. Καὶ πρῶτον μέν φησιν, ὅτι Μέλλοντα ἀναιρεῖσθαι ὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἐξειλόμην: εἶτα προστίθησιν, ὅτι Καὶ κατήγαγον αὐτὸν πρὸς αὐτούς: καὶ οὐδ' οὕτως εὗρόν τι ἐγκαλέσαι ἐκεῖνοι: καὶ δέον ὑπὲρ τοῦ προτέρου καταπλαγῆναι καὶ καταισχυνθῆναι, πάλιν ἐπιχειροῦσιν ἀνελεῖν, ὥστε πάλιν λαμπρότερον γενέσθαι τὸν ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ λόγον. Καὶ τί δήποτε τοὺς κατηγόρους πέμπει; Ἵνα ἐν τῷ δικαστηρίῳ, ἔνθα ταῦτα ἀκριβέστερον γυμνάζεται, ἀθῶος γένηται. Ἴδωμεν τοίνυν ἄνωθεν τὰ εἰρημένα. Ἐγὼ, φησὶ, Φαρισαῖός εἰμι. Τοῦτο εἶπεν, ὥστε αὐτοὺς ἐπισπάσασθαι. Εἶτα ἵνα μὴ δόξῃ κολακεύειν, ἐπάγει: Περὶ ἐλπίδος καὶ ἀναστάσεως νεκρῶν ἐγὼ κρίνομαι. Ἀπὸ τῆς κατηγορίας αὐτῶν καὶ τῆς διαβολῆς συνίστησιν ἑαυτόν: Σαδδουκαῖοι μὲν γὰρ λέγουσι μὴ εἶναι ἄγγελον, μήτε πνεῦμα. Οὐδὲν ἀσώματον ἴσασι Σαδδουκαῖοι, τάχα οὐδὲ τὸν Θεὸν, παχεῖς τινες ὄντες: ὅθεν οὐδὲ ἀνάστασιν βούλονται εἶναι πιστεύειν. Καὶ ἀναστάντες, φησὶ, γραμματεῖς τοῦ μέρους τῶν Φαρισαίων, διεμάχοντο λέγοντες: Οὐδὲν κακὸν εὑρίσκομεν ἐν τῷ ἀνθρώπῳ τούτῳ. γʹ. Ὅρα: ἀκούει καὶ ὁ χιλίαρχος, ὅτι αὐτὸν ἀπήλλαξαν ἐγκλημάτων οἱ Φαρισαῖοι, καὶ ἐψηφίσατο ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ, καὶ μετὰ πλείονος παῤῥησίας ἁρπάζει αὐτόν. Καὶ αὐτὰ δὲ εἰρημένα Παύλῳ φιλοσοφίας ἔγεμε. Τῇ δὲ ἐπιούσῃ νυκτὶ ἐπιστὰς αὐτῷ ὁ Κύριος εἶπε: Θάρσει, Παῦλε: ὡς γὰρ διεμαρτύρω τὰ περὶ ἐμοῦ εἰς Ἱερουσαλὴμ, οὕτω σε δεῖ καὶ εἰς Ῥώμην μαρτυρῆσαι. Ὅρα πόση ἡ παράκλησις: πρῶτον αὐτὸν ἐπαινεῖ, εἶτα οὐκ ἀφίησιν οὐδὲ τὸ ἄδηλον τῆς ἀποδημίας φοβηθῆναι τῆς ἐπὶ Ῥώμην: ὡς εἰ ἔλεγεν: Οὐκ ἀπελεύσῃ μόνον κακεῖ, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοσαύτῃ χρήσῃ παῤῥησίᾳ. Ἐντεῦθεν οὐχ ὅτι σωθήσεται ἐδηλοῦτο, ἀλλ' ὅτι καὶ ἐπὶ μεγάλοις μαρτυρήσει στεφάνοις ἐν τῇ μεγάλῃ πόλει. Διὰ τί δὲ οὐ πρὶν ἢ ἐμπεσεῖν εἰς τὸν κίνδυνον, ἐφάνη αὐτῷ; Ὅτι ἀεὶ ἐν ταῖς θλίψεσι παρακαλεῖ ὁ Θεὸς (τότε γὰρ ποθεινότερος φαίνεται), καὶ ἐν τοῖς κινδύνοις ἐγγυμνάζει ἡμᾶς. Ἄλλως δὲ τότε μὲν ἐν ἀνέσει ἦν, ἀφεθεὶς τῶν δεσμῶν: νῦν δὲ ἔμελλεν αὐτὸν διαδέχεσθαι δεινά. Ὅτι ἀνεθεματίσαμεν ἑαυτοὺς, φησὶ, μὴ φαγεῖν μηδὲ πιεῖν. Βαβαὶ, πόση μανία! ἑαυτοὺς τῷ ἀναθέματι ὑποβάλλουσιν ἀλογίστως. Ὅπως καταγάγῃ αὐτὸν, φησὶ, πρὸς ὑμᾶς, ὡς μέλλοντας ἀκριβέστερον διαγινώσκειν τὰ περὶ αὐτοῦ. Τί λέγεις; οὐχὶ δεύτερον πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἐδημηγόρησεν; οὐχὶ Φαρισαῖον ἑαυτὸν εἶπε; τί οὖν τὸ περιττὸν, Οὕτως οὐδὲν ἐφοβοῦντο, οὐ δικαστήρια, οὐ νόμους: οὕτως οὐδὲν αὐτοῖς ἀτόλμητον ἦν. Καὶ τὴν γνώμην εἰσηγοῦνται, καὶ τὴν πρᾶξιν ἐπαγγέλλονται. Ἀκούσας δὲ ὁ υἱὸς τῆς ἀδελφῆς Παύλου τὸ ἔνεδρον. Τοῦτο τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ οἰκονομίας ἦν λοιπὸν, τὸ μὴ συνιδεῖν αὐτοὺς ὅτι ἀκούσεται. Τί οὖν ὁ Παῦλος; Οὐκ ἐθορυβήθη, ἀλλὰ συνεῖδεν, ὅτι Θεοῦ ἐστιν ἔργον τοῦτο: καὶ τὸ πᾶν ἐπ' αὐτὸν ῥίψας, εἶχεν ἐξ ἔργου τὴν σωτηρίαν. Καὶ σκόπει πῶς εἰς ἀγαθὸν πάντα ὁ Θεὸς ᾠκονόμησεν. Εἶπεν ὁ νεανίας τὴν ἐπιβουλὴν, ἐπιστεύθη, καὶ οὕτω λοιπὸν διασώζεται Παῦλος. Καὶ εἰ ἀφέθη, φησὶ, τῆς αἰτίας, διὰ τί τοὺς κατηγόρους ἔπεμψαν; Ὥστε ἀκριβεστέραν γενέσθαι τὴν ἐξέτασιν: ὥστε μᾶλλον καθαρθῆναι τὸν ἄνδρα. Τοιαῦται αἱ τοῦ Θεοῦ οἰκονομίαι: δι' ὧν βλαπτόμεθα, διὰ τούτων ὠφελούμεθα. Οὕτω καὶ Ἰωσὴφ ἐπεβουλεύετο ὑπὸ τῆς δεσποίνης: καὶ ἐδόκει μὲν ἐπιβουλεύειν, ἐπιβουλεύουσα δὲ ἐν ἀσφαλείᾳ κατέστησεν αὐτόν: τῆς γὰρ οἰκίας, ἔνθα τὸ θηρίον ἐκεῖνο ἐτρέφετο, πολλῷ τὸ δεσμωτήριον ἡμερώτερον ἦν. Ἐκεῖ μὲν γὰρ ὢν, εἰ καὶ ἐν θεραπείᾳ ἦν, ἀλλ' ἐν φόβῳ διηνεκεῖ, μή ποτε ἐπίθηται ἡ δέσποινα, καὶ δεσμωτηρίου χαλεπώτερον ὁ φόβος αὐτῷ ἐπέκειτο: μετὰ δὲ τὴν κατηγορίαν ἐν ἀδείᾳ λοιπὸν καὶ ἡσυχίᾳ ἦν, ἀπαλλαγεὶς ἐκείνου τοῦ θηρίου καὶ τῆς ἀσχημοσύνης καὶ τῆς ἐπιβουλῆς: βέλτιον γὰρ αὐτῷ ἦν τεταλαιπωρημένοις ἀνθρώποις συνεῖναι, ἢ μαινομένῃ δεσποίνῃ. Ἐνταῦθα μὲν οὖν παρεμυθεῖτο ἑαυτὸν, ὅτι διὰ σωφροσύνην ἐνέπεσεν: ἐκεῖ δὲ ἐδεδοίκει, μὴ περὶ τὴν ψυχὴν λάβῃ τὴν πληγήν: οὐδὲν γὰρ ἐπαχθέστερον ἐρωμένης νέῳ μὴ βουλομένῳ, οὐδὲν ἐναγέστερον, οὐδὲν βαρύτερον: πάντων δεσμῶν τοῦτο χαλεπώτερον. Ὥστε οὐκ εἰς δεσμωτήριον ἐνέπεσεν, ἀλλὰ δεσμωτηρίου ἀπηλλάγη: ἐξεπολέμωσεν αὐτῷ τὸν δεσπότην, ἀλλὰ κατήλλαξε τὸν Θεὸν, οἰκειότερον αὐτὸν κατέστησε τῷ ὄντως Δεσπότῃ τῷ ἀληθινῷ: ἐξέβαλε τῆς ἐπιστασίας τῆς ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ, ἀλλ' ᾠκείωσε τῷ Δεσπότῃ: Πάλιν οἱ ἀδελφοὶ ἐπώλησαν, ἀλλ' ἀπήλλαξαν αὐτὸν συνοικούντων ἐχθρῶν, φθόνου καὶ βασκανίας πολλῆς, ἐπιβουλῆς καθημερινῆς, μακρὰν κατέστησαν αὐτὸν τῶν μισούντων. Τί γὰρ τούτου χεῖρον, ὅταν τις ἀδελφοῖς φθονοῦσι συνοικεῖν ἀναγκάζηται, ὅταν δι' ὑποψίας ᾖ, ὅταν ἐπιβουλεύηται; Ὥστε ἕτερα μὲν ἐποίουν καὶ οὗτοι κἀκείνη, ἕτερα δὲ ᾠκονομεῖτο ὑπὲρ τοῦ δικαίου μεγάλα. Ὅτε ἦν ἐν τιμῇ, τότε ἦν ἐν κινδύνῳ: ὅτε ἦν ἐν ἀτιμίᾳ, τότε ἦν ἐν ἀσφαλείᾳ: οὐκ ἐμνημόνευον αὐτοῦ οἱ εὐνοῦχοι: καὶ καλῶς, ἵνα λαμπροτέρα γένηται τῆς ἐξόδου ἡ ὑπόθεσις: ἵνα μὴ χάριτι ἀνθρωπίνῃ, ἀλλ' οἰκονομίᾳ θείᾳ τὸ πᾶν λογίζηται: ἵνα εὐκαίρως εἰς χρείαν καταστὰς ἐξαγάγῃ: ἵνα μὴ εὐεργετῶν, ἀλλ' εὐεργετούμενος αὐτὸν ἐκβάλῃ τοῦ δεσμωτηρίου ὁ Φαραώ. Οὐκ ἔδει δοῦλον γενέσθαι τὸ δῶρον, ἀλλ' εἰς ἀνάγκην καταστῆναι τὸν βασιλέα: ἔδει φανερὰν αὐτοῦ γενέσθαι τὴν σοφίαν. Διὰ τοῦτο λανθάνει ὁ εὐνοῦχος, ἵνα μὴ λάθῃ Αἴγυπτος, ἵνα μὴ ἀγνοήσῃ αὐτὸν ὁ βασιλεύς. Εἰ τότε ἐξηνέχθη, ἴσως ἂν καὶ ἐπεθύμησεν ἀπελθεῖν εἰς τὴν αὐτοῦ: διὰ τοῦτο μυρίαις ἀνάγκαις κατέχεται, πρῶτον τῇ δεσποτείᾳ, δεύτερον τῷ δεσμωτηρίῳ, τρίτον ἐν τῇ βασιλείᾳ, ἵνα ταῦτα οἰκονομηθῇ. Καθάπερ οὖν τινα γενναῖον πῶλον ἐκπηδῆσαι βουλόμενον πρὸς τοὺς αὐτοῦ, κατεῖχεν ὁ Θεὸς ἐκεῖ δι' αἰτιῶν ἐνδόξων. Ὅτι γὰρ ἐπεθύμει τὸν πατέρα ἰδεῖν καὶ ἀπαλλάξαι τῆς ὀδύνης, δῆλον ἐκ τοῦ καλέσαι αὐτὸν ἐκεῖ. δʹ. Βούλεσθε καὶ ἑτέρας ἴδωμεν ἐπιβουλὰς, ὅτι ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν γίνονται, οὐ μόνον τῷ μισθὸν ἔχειν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῷ ἐν αὐτῷ τῷ καιρῷ τὰ ὑπὲρ ἡμῶν ποιεῖν; Ἐπεβούλευσε τῷ τούτου πατρὶ ὁ θεῖος ὁ τούτου, καὶ τῆς πατρίδος ἐξήλασε: τί οὖν; Καὶ αὐτὸς μακρὰν τοῦ κινδύνου αὐτὸν κατέστησεν: ἐν ἀσφαλείᾳ γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸς γέγονεν: ἐποίησε φιλοσοφώτερον, ἐποίησεν ἰδεῖν τὸ ὄναρ. Ἀλλ' ἐδούλευσεν ἐν ἀλλοτρίᾳ; Ἀλλὰ παρὰ τοῖς αὐτοῦ ἀπελθὼν λαμβάνει νύμφην, καὶ ἄξιος φαίνεται τῷ κηδεστῇ. Ἀλλ' ἠπάτησε κἀκεῖνος; Ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦτο εἰς ἀγαθὸν γέγονεν, ἵνα πολλῶν παίδων γένηται πατήρ. Ἀλλ' ἐβουλήθη ἐπιβουλεῦσαι; Ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦτο εἰς ἀγαθὸν, ἵνα εἰς τὴν αὐτοῦ λοιπὸν ἐπανέλθῃ: εἰ γὰρ ἦν ἐν εὐπραγίᾳ, οὐκ ἂν οὕτως ἐπεθύμει τῆς ἑαυτοῦ. Ἀλλ' ἀφεῖλε τὸν μισθόν; Ἀλλὰ πλεῖον γέγονεν. Οὕτω πανταχοῦ ὅσῳ ἐπεβουλεύοντο, τοσούτῳ τὰ τούτων ἤνθει. Εἰ μὴ τὴν πρεσβυτέραν ἔλαβεν, οὐκ ἂν ταχέως ἐγένετο τοσούτων παίδων πατὴρ, ἀλλ' ἐν ἀπαιδίᾳ πολὺν ἂν εἵλκυσε χρόνον, καὶ ἐπένθησεν ἂν καθάπερ καὶ ἡ γυνή. Ἐκείνη μὲν γὰρ εἰκότως ἐπένθει, ἅτε μὴ γενομένη μήτηρ: οὗτος δὲ ἔχει παραμυθίαν: ὅθεν αὐτὴν καὶ διακρούεται. Πάλιν εἰ μὴ αὐτὸν ἀπεστέρησε τῶν μισθῶν, οὐκ ἂν ἐπεθύμησεν ἰδεῖν τὴν αὐτοῦ, οὐκ ἂν ἐφάνη ἡ φιλοσοφία τοῦ ἀνδρὸς, οὐκ ἂν μᾶλλον ᾠκειώθησαν αὐτῷ. Ὅρα γὰρ τί φασι: Καταβρώσει κατέφαγεν ἡμᾶς καὶ τὸ ἀργύριον ἡμῶν. Ὥστε τοῦ φίλτρου τοῦτο γέγονεν αἴτιον. Δούλας εἶχε λοιπὸν ἀντὶ γυναικῶν, καὶ ἐφιλεῖτο παρ' αὐτῶν, οὗ οὐδὲν ἴσον κτῆμα γένοιτο ἄν: οὐδὲν γὰρ, οὐδὲν τοῦ οὕτω φιλεῖσθαι παρὰ γυναικὸς καὶ φιλεῖν τιμιώτερον. Καὶ γυνὴ, φησὶν, ἀνδρὶ συμπεριφερομένη. Ἓν τοῦτο τῶν μακαριστῶν τίθησιν ὁ σοφός: τούτου γὰρ ὄντος πᾶς πλοῦτος, πᾶσα εὐπραγία περίεστιν: ὥσπερ οὖν μὴ ὄντος, τῶν ἄλλων οὐδὲν ὄφελος, ἀλλὰ πάντα ἀνατέτραπται, καὶ ἀηδίας ἐστὶ μεστὰ καὶ συγχύσεως. Οὐκοῦν καὶ ἡμεῖς τοῦτο πρὸ πάντων ζητῶμεν. Ὁ χρήματα ζητῶν, οὐ ζητεῖ τοῦτο. Ταῦτα ζητῶμεν, ἃ δύναται πάγια εἶναι. Μὴ γάμον ζητῶμεν ἀπὸ εὐπόρων, ἵνα μὴ τῆς οὐσίας ἡ ἀμετρία φρόνημα τέκῃ τῇ γυναικὶ, ἵνα μὴ τὸ φρόνημα διαφθορᾶς αἴτιον ᾖ. Οὐχ ὁρᾷς τί ἐποίησεν ὁ Θεός; πῶς αὐτὴν ὑπέταξε; Διὰ τί ἀγνώμων εἶ; διὰ τί ἀναίσθητος; Ὅπερ ἐχαρίσατό σοι ἀπὸ τῆς φύσεως, τούτου σὺ μὴ διαφθείρῃς τὴν βοήθειαν. Ὥστε οὐκ εὔπορον δεῖ ζητεῖν, ἀλλ' ὥστε κοινωνὸν βίου λάβωμεν εἰς κατάστασιν παιδοποιίας. Οὐχ ἵνα χρήματα εἰσφέρῃ γυνὴ, διὰ τοῦτο αὐτὴν ἔδωκεν ὁ Θεὸς, ἀλλ' ἵνα ᾖ βοηθός. Ἡ δὲ χρήματα εἰσφέρουσα, καὶ ἐπίβουλος [καὶ δέσποινα ἀντὶ γυναικὸς γίνεται: ἢ τάχα θηρίον ἀντὶ γυναικὸς], ἀξιοῦσα μεγάλα διὰ τὸν πλοῦτον φρονεῖν. Οὐδὲν αἰσχρότερον ἀνδρὸς οὕτω βουλευομένου πλουτεῖν. Εἰ γὰρ αὐτὸ τὸ πλουτεῖν πειρασμῶν γέμει, τὸ οὕτω πλουτεῖν ποῦ θήσομεν; Μὴ γὰρ, εἴ τις σπανιάκις καὶ παρὰ τὸ συμβαῖνον καὶ παρὰ λόγον ἐπέτυχε, τοῦτο ἴδῃς: οὐδὲ γὰρ ἐν τοῖς ἄλλοις πράγμασιν οἷς ἀπολαύουσί τινες, καὶ ἐκ παραδόξου ἐπιτυγχάνουσι, προσέχειν δεῖ: ἀλλ' αὐτὸ τὸ κατὰ λόγον ἴδωμεν, εἰ μὴ μυρίας ἀηδίας γέμει τὸ πρᾶγμα. Οὐκ αὐτὸς μόνος ἐν ἀδοξίᾳ γίνῃ, ἀλλὰ καὶ παῖδας καταισχύνεις, πένητας ἀφεὶς, εἰ συμβαίη προαπελθεῖν, καὶ αὐτῇ πολλὰς δίδως ἀφορμὰς τοῦ δευτέρῳ πάλιν προσομιλῆσαι νυμφίῳ. Ἢ οὐχ ὁρᾷς, ὅτι πολλαῖς αὕτη γέγονεν ἡ πρόφασις δευτέρου γάμου, τὸ μὴ καταφρονεῖσθαι, τὸ ζητεῖν τοὺς ἐφισταμένους τοῖς ὑπάρχουσι; Μὴ δὴ τοσαῦτα ἐργαζώμεθα κακὰ διὰ χρήματα: ἀλλὰ πάντα ἀφῶμεν, καὶ ψυχὴν ζητῶμεν καλὴν, ἵνα καὶ ἀγάπης ἐπιτύχωμεν. Οὗτος ὁ πλοῦτος ὁ πολὺς, οὗτος ὁ μέγας θησαυρὸς, ταῦτα τὰ μυρία ἀγαθά: ὧν γένοιτο πάντα ἡμᾶς ἀπολαῦσαι δεόντως, καὶ κατὰ τοὺς νόμους τοῦ Θεοῦ ζῆσαι, ἵνα καὶ τῶν μελλόντων ἀγαθῶν δυνηθῶμεν ἐπιτυχεῖν, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, μεθ' οὗ τῷ Πατρὶ ἅμα τῷ ἁγίῳ Πνεύματι δόξα, κράτος, τιμὴ, νῦν καὶ ἀεὶ, καὶ εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.