John Chrysostom, Homilies on the Gospel of Matthew

“Hear another parable. There was a certain householder, which planted a vineyard, and hedged it round about, and digged a winepress, and built a tower, and let it out to husbandmen, and went into a far country.2548 [R.V., “another country.”]And when the time of the fruit drew near, he sent his servants to receive the fruits. And the husbandmen took the servants, and beat some, and killed some, and stoned some. Again he sent other servants more than the first: and they did unto them likewise. But last he sent unto them his son, saying, It may be they will reverence my son. But when the husbandmen saw the son, they said among themselves, This is the heir, come, let us kill him, and let us seize on his inheritance. And they cast him out of the vineyard, and slew him. When the Lord therefore of the vineyard cometh, what will he do to those husbandmen? They say unto Him, He will miserably destroy those wicked men, and will let out his vineyard to other husbandmen, which shall render him the fruits in their seasons. Jesus saith unto them, Did ye never read in the Scriptures, The Stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner?”2549 [The Greek text agrees, as a rule, with the received: but a few peculiarities appear: ατοἴσω is inserted from Luke in verse 37, and the beginning of verse 39 is abridged. The Oxford edition adds verses 43, 44, which are not given in the Greek text of the Homily in Migne, but added in Field’s edition.—R.]

Many things doth He intimate by this parable, God’s providence, which had been exercised towards them from the first; their murderous disposition from the beginning; that nothing had been omitted of whatever pertained to a heedful care of them; that even when prophets had been slain, He had not turned away from them, but had sent His very Son; that the God both of the New and of the Old Testament was one and the same; that His death should effect great blessings; that they were to endure extreme punishment for the crucifixion, and their crime; the calling of the Gentiles, the casting out of the Jews.

Therefore He putteth it after the former parable, that He may show even hereby the charge to be greater, and highly unpardonable. How, and in what way? That although they met with so much care, they were worse than harlots and publicans, and by so much.

And observe also both His great care, and the excessive idleness of these men. For what pertained to the husbandmen, He Himself did, the hedging it round about, the planting the vineyard, and all the rest, and He left little for them to do; to take care of what was there, and to preserve what was given to them. For nothing was left undone, but all accomplished; and not even so did they gain, and this, when they had enjoyed such great blessings from Him. For when they had come forth out of Egypt, He gave a law, and set up a city, and built a temple, and prepared an altar.

“And went into a far country;” that is, He bore long with them, not always bringing the punishments close upon their sins; for by His going into a far country,2550 [The verb ἀπεδμησε means “went into another country.” But Chrysostom here speaks of the ἀποδημαν as τν πολλν, thus agreeing with the interpretation of the A.V.—R.] He means His great long-suffering.

And “He sent His servants,” that is, the prophets, “to receive the fruit;” that is, their obedience, the proof of it by their works. But they even here showed their wickedness, not only by failing to give the fruit, after having enjoyed so much care, which was the sign of idleness, but also by showing anger towards them that came. For they that had not to give when they owed, should not have been indignant, nor angry, but should have entreated. But they not only were indignant, but even filled their hands with blood, and while deserving punishment, themselves inflicted punishment.

Therefore He sent both a second, and a third company, both that the wickedness of these might be shown, and the love towards man of Him who sent them.

And wherefore sent He not His Son immediately? In order that they might condemn themselves for the things done to the others, and leave off their wrath, and reverence Him when He came. There are also other reasons, but for the present let us go on to what is next. But what means, “It may be they will reverence?” It is not the language of one ignorant, away with the thought! but of one desiring to show the sin to be great; and without any excuse. Since Himself knowing that they would slay Him, He sent Him. But He saith, “They will reverence,” declaring what ought to have been done, that it was their duty to have reverenced Him. Since elsewhere also He saith, “if perchance they will hear;”2551 Ezek. ii. 5.not in this case either being ignorant, but lest any of the obstinate should say, that His prediction was the thing that necessitated their disobedience, therefore He frames His expressions in this way, saying, “Whether they will,” and, “It may be.” For though they had been obstinate towards His servants, yet ought they to have reverenced the dignity of the Son.

What then do these? When they ought to have run unto Him, when they ought to have asked pardon for their offenses, they even persist more strongly in their former sins, they proceed to add unto their pollutions, forever throwing into the shade their former offenses by their later; as also He Himself declared when He said, “Fill ye up the measure of your fathers.”2552 Matt. xxiii. 32. For from the first the prophets used to charge them with these things, saying, “Your hands are full of blood;”2553 Is. i. 15.and, “They mingle blood with blood;”2554 Hosea iv. 2.and, “They build up Sion with blood.”2555 Micah iii. 10.

But they did not learn self-restraint, albeit they received this commandment first, “Thou shalt not kill;” and had been commanded to abstain from countless other things because of this, and by many and various means urged to the keeping of this commandment.

Yet, for all that, they put not away that evil custom; but what say they, when they saw Him? Come, let us kill Him. With what motive, and for what reason? what of any kind had they to lay to His charge, either small or great? Is it that He honored you, and being God became man for your sakes, and wrought His countless miracles? or that He pardoned your sins? or that He called you unto a kingdom?

But see together with their impiety great was their folly, and the reason of His murder was full of much madness. “For let us kill Him,” it is said, “and the inheritance shall be ours.”

And where do they take counsel to kill Him? “Out of the vineyard.”

2. Seest thou how He prophesies even the place where He was to be slain. “And they cast Him out, and slew Him.”

And Luke indeed saith, that He declared what these men should suffer; and they said, “God forbid;” and He added the testimony [of Scripture]. For “He beheld them, and said, What is it then that is written? The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner; and every one that falleth upon it shall be broken.”2556 Luke xx. 17, 18. But Matthew, that they themselves delivered the sentence. But this is not a contradiction. For indeed both things were done, both themselves passed the sentence against themselves; and again, when they perceived what they had said, they added, “God forbid;” and He set up the prophet against them, persuading them that certainly this would be.

Nevertheless, not even so did He plainly reveal the Gentiles, that He might afford them no handle, but signified it darkly by saying, “He will give the vineyard to others.” For this purpose then did He speak by a parable, that themselves might pass the sentence, which was done in the case of David also, when He passed judgment on the parable of Nathan. But do thou mark, I pray thee, even hereby how just is the sentence, when the very persons that are to be punished condemn themselves.

Then that they might learn that not only the nature of justice requires these things, but even from the beginning the grace of the Spirit had foretold them, and God had so decreed, He both added a prophecy, and reproves them in a way to put them to shame, saying, “Did ye never read, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner? this is the Lord’s doing, and it is marvellous in our eyes;” by all things showing, that they should be cast out for unbelief, and the Gentiles brought in. This He darkly intimated by the Canaanitish woman also; this again by the ass, and by the centurion, and by many other parables; this also now.

Wherefore He added too, “This is the Lord’s doing, and it is marvellous in our eyes,” declaring beforehand that the believing Gentiles, and as many of the Jews as should also themselves believe, shall be one, although the difference between them had been so great before.

Then, that they might learn that nothing was opposed to God’s will of the things doing, but that the event was even highly acceptable, and beyond expectation, and amazing every one of the beholders (for indeed the miracle was far beyond words), He added and said, “It is the Lord’s doing.” And by the stone He means Himself, and by builders the teachers of the Jews; as Ezekiel also saith, “They that build the wall, and daub it with untempered mortar.”2557 Ezek. xiii. 10. But how did they reject Him? By saying, “This man is not of God;2558 John ix. 16. This man deceiveth the people;”2559 John vii. 12.and again, “Thou art a Samaritan, and hast a devil.”2560 John viii. 48.

Then, that they might know that the penalty is not limited to their being cast out, He added the punishments also, saying, “Every one that falleth on this stone, shall be broken; but upon whomsoever it shall fall, it shall grind him to powder.”2561 [R.V., “scatter him as dust.” Chrysostom seems to accept verse 44 as part of Matthew’s account; but as he has just cited the parallel passage in Luke (where this occurs), it is not certain that he refers to Matthew’s here.—R.] He speaks here of two ways of destruction, one from stumbling and being offended; for this is, “Whosoever falleth on this stone:” but another from their capture, and calamity, and utter destruction, which also He clearly foretold, saying, “It will grind him to powder.” By these words He darkly intimated His own resurrection also.

Now the Prophet Isaiah saith, that He blames the vineyard, but here He accuses in particular the rulers of the people. And there indeed He saith, “What ought I to have done to my vineyard, that I did not;”2562 Is. v. 4.and elsewhere again, “What transgression have your fathers found in me?”2563 Jer. ii. 5. And again, “O my people, what have I done unto thee? and wherein have I grieved thee?”2564 Micah vi. 3.showing their thankless disposition, and that when in the enjoyment of all things, they requited it by the contraries; but here He expresses it with yet greater force. For He doth not plead, Himself, saying, “What ought I to have done that I have not done?” but brings in themselves to judge, that nothing hath been wanting, and to condemn themselves. For when they say, “He will miserably destroy those wicked men, and will let out the vineyard to other husbandmen,” they say nothing else than this, publishing their sentence with much greater force.

With this Stephen also upbraids them, which thing most of all stung them, that having enjoyed always much providential care, they requited their benefactor with the contraries, which very thing itself was a very great sign, that not the punisher, but the punished, were the cause of the vengeance brought upon them.

This here likewise is shown, by the parable, by the prophecy. For neither was He satisfied with a parable only, but added also a twofold prophecy, one David’s, the others from Himself.

What then ought they to have done on hearing these things? ought they not to have adored, to have marvelled at the tender care, that shown before, that afterwards? But if by none of these things they were made better, by the fear of punishment at any rate ought they not to have been rendered more temperate?

But they did not become so, but what do they after these things? “When they had heard it,” it is said, “they perceived that He spake of them. And when they sought to lay hands on Him, they were afraid because of the multitudes, for they took Him for a prophet.”2565 Matt. xxi. 45, 46. [“because of” (δι) is peculiar to this citation.—R.] For they felt afterwards that they themselves were intimated. Sometimes indeed, when being seized, He withdraws through the midst of them, and is not seen; and sometimes while appearing to them He lays a check upon their laboring eagerness; at which indeed men marveled, and said, “Is not this Jesus? Lo, He speaketh boldly, and they say nothing unto Him.”2566 [John vii. 25, 26.] But in this instance, forasmuch as they were held in restraint by the fear of the multitude, He is satisfied with this, and doth not work miracles, as before, withdrawing through the midst, and not appearing. For it was not His desire to do all things in a superhuman way, in order that the Dispensation2567 Gr. οκονομα, i.e., the verity of the Incarnation.might be believed.

But they, neither by the multitude, nor by what had been said, were brought to a sound mind; they regarded not the prophet’s testimony, nor their own sentence, nor the disposition of the people; so entirely had the love of power and the lust of vainglory blinded them, together with the pursuit of things temporal.

3. For nothing so urges men headlong and drives them down precipices, nothing so makes them fail of the things to come, as their being riveted to these decaying things. Nothing so surely makes them enjoy both the one and the other, as their esteeming the things to come above all. For, “Seek ye,” saith Christ, “the kingdom of God, and all these things shall be added unto you.”2568 Matt. vi. 33. [“first” is omitted; inserted by the Oxford translator against the Greek text.—R.] And indeed, even if this were not joined, not even in that case ought we to aim at them. But now in obtaining the others, we may obtain these two; and not even so are some persuaded, but are like senseless stones, and pursue shadows of pleasure. For what is pleasant of the things in this present life? what is delightful? For with greater freedom do I desire to discourse with you to-day; but suffer it, that ye may learn that this life which seems to you to be a galling and wearisome life, I mean that of the monks and of them that are crucified, is far sweeter, and more to be desired than that which seems to be easy, and more delicate.

And of this ye are witnesses, who often have asked for death, in the reverses and despondencies that have overtaken you, and have accounted happy them that are in mountains, them that are in caves, them that have not married, them that live the unworldly life; ye that are engaged in crafts, ye that are in military services, ye that live without object or rules, and pass your days at the theatres and orchestras. For of these, although numberless fountains of pleasures and mirth seem to spring up, yet are countless darts still more bitter brought forth.

For if any one be seized with a passion for one of the damsels that dance there, beyond ten thousand marches, beyond ten thousand journeys from home, will he undergo a torture more grievous, being in a more miserable state than any besieged city.

However, not to inquire into those things for the present, having left them to the conscience of those that have been taken captive, come let us discourse of the life of the common sort of men, and we shall find the difference between either of these kinds of life as great as between a harbor, and a sea continually beaten about with winds.

And observe from their retreats at once the first signs of their tranquillity. For they have fled from market places, and cities, and the tumults amidst men, and have chosen the life in mountains, that which hath nothing in common with the things present, that which undergoes none of the ills of man, no worldly sorrows, no grief, no care so great, no dangers, no plots, no envy, no jealousy, no lawless lusts, nor any other thing of this kind.

Here already they meditate upon the things of the kingdom, holding converse with groves, and mountains, and springs, and with great quietness, and solitude, and before all these, with God. And from all turmoil is their cell pure, and from every passion and disease is their soul free, refined and light, and far purer than the finest air.

And their work is what was Adam’s also at the beginning and before his sin, when he was clothed with the glory, and conversed freely with God, and dwelt in that place that was full of great blessedness. For in what respect are they in a worse state than he, when before his disobedience he was set to till the garden? Had he no worldly care? But neither have these. Did he talk to God with a pure conscience? this also do these; or rather they have a greater confidence than he, inasmuch as they enjoy even greater grace by the supply of the Spirit.

Now ye ought indeed by the sight to take in these things; but forasmuch as ye are not willing, but pass your time in turmoils and in markets, by word at least let us teach you, taking one part of their way of living (for it is not possible to go over their whole life). These that are the lights of the world, as soon as the sun is up, or rather even long before its rise, rise up from their bed, healthy, and wakeful, and sober (for neither doth any sorrow and care, nor headache, and toil, and multitude of business, nor any other such thing trouble them, but as angels live they in Heaven); having risen then straightway from their bed cheerful and glad, and having made one choir, with their conscience bright, with one voice all, like as out of one mouth, they sing hymns unto the God of all, honoring Him and thanking Him for all His benefits, both particular, and common.2569 “For all Thy goodness and loving kindness to us, and to all men.” Thanksgiving Prayer. See the Morning Thanksgiving; Const. Apost. viii. 38, and The Eucharistic Prayer, ib. c. 12.

So that if it seem good, let us leave Adam, and inquire what is the difference between the angels and this company of them who on earth sing and say, “Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace, good will towards men.”2570 [Luke ii. 14, as in the received text. But “among men” is the only possible rendering, whichever reading he accepted.—R.]

And their dress is suitable to their manliness. For not indeed, like those with trailing garments, the enervated and mincing, are they dressed, but like those blessed angels, Elijah, Elisha, John, like the apostles; their garments being made for them, for some of goat’s hair, for some of camel’s hair, and there are some for whom skins suffice alone, and these long worn.

Then, after they have said those songs, they bow their knees, and entreat the God who was the object of their hymns for things, to the very thought of which some do not easily arrive. For they ask nothing of things present, for they have no regard for these, but that they may stand with boldness before the fearful judgment-seat, when the Only-Begotten Son of God is come to judge quick and dead, and that no one may hear the fearful voice that saith, “I know you not,” and that with a pure conscience and many good deeds they may pass through this toilsome life, and sail over the angry sea with a favorable wind. And he leads them in their prayers, who is their Father, and their ruler.

After this, when they have risen up and finished those holy and continual prayers, the sun being risen, they depart each one to their work, gathering thence a large supply for the needy.

4. Where now are they who give themselves to devilish choirs, and harlot’s songs, and sit in theatres? For I am indeed ashamed to make mention of them; nevertheless, because of your infirmity it is needful to do even this. For Paul too saith, “Like as ye have yielded your members servants to uncleanness, even so now yield your members servants to righteousness unto holiness.”2571 Rom. vi. 19. [R.V., “sanctification.”]

Come let us also therefore compare the company that is made up of harlot women, and prostituted youths on the stage, and this same that consists of these blessed ones in regard of pleasure, for which most of all, many of the careless youths are taken in their snares. For we shall find the difference as great as if any one heard angels singing above that all-harmonious melody of theirs, and dogs and swine howling and grunting on the dunghill. For by the mouths of these Christ speaketh, by their tongues2572 [“by the tongues of those;” there being a contrast in the Greek, which is obscured in the English rendering.—R.]the devil.

But is the sound of pipes joined to them with unmeaning noise, and unpleasing show, when cheeks are puffed out, and their strings stretched to breaking? But here the grace of the Spirit pours forth a sound, using, instead of flute or lyre or pipes, the lips of the saints.

Or rather, whatever we may say, it is not possible to set forth the pleasure thereof, because of them that are riveted to their clay, and their brick-making? Therefore I would even wish to take one of those who are mad about these matters, and to lead him off there, and to show him the choir of those saints, and I should have no more need for these words. Nevertheless, though we speak unto miry ones, we will try, though by word, still by little and little, to draw them out of the slime and the fens. For there the hearer receives straightway the fire of illicit love; for as though the sight of the harlot were not enough to set the mind on fire, they add the mischief also from the voice; but here even should the soul have any such thing, it lays it aside straightway. But not their voice only, nor their countenance, but even their clothes do more than these confound the beholders. And should it be some poor man of the grosser and heedless sort, from the sight he will cry out ten thousand times in bitter despair, and will say to himself, “The harlot, and the prostituted boy, children of cooks and cobblers, and often even of slaves live in such delicacy, and I a freeman, and born of freemen, choosing honest labor, am not able so much as to imagine these things in a dream;” and thus he will go his way inflamed with discontent.

But in the case of the monks there is no such result, but rather the contrary altogether. For when he shall see children of rich men and descendants of illustrious ancestors clothed in such garments as not even the lowest of the poor, and rejoicing in this, consider how great a consolation against poverty he will receive as he goes away. And should he be rich, he returns sobered, become a better man. Again in the theatre, when they see the harlot clothed with golden ornaments, while the poor man will lament, and bemoan, seeing his own wife having nothing of the kind, the rich will in consequence of this spectacle contemn and despise the partners of their home. For when the harlot present to the beholders garb and look, and voice and step, all luxurious, they depart set on fire, and enter into their own houses, thenceforth captives.

Hence the insults, and the affronts, hence the enmities, the wars, the daily deaths; hence to them that are taken captive, life is insupportable, and the partner of their home thenceforth unpleasing, and their children not as much objects of affection, and all things in their houses turned upside down, and after that they seem to be thrown into disorder by the very sunbeam.

But not from these choirs does any such dissatisfaction arise, but the wife will receive her husband quiet and meek, freed from all unlawful lust, and will find him more gentle to her than before this. Such evil things doth that choir bring forth, but this good things, the one making wolves of sheep, this lambs of wolves. But as yet we have perhaps said nothing hitherto touching the pleasure.

And what could be more pleasant than not to be troubled or grieved in mind, neither to despond and groan? Nevertheless, let us carry on our discourse still further, and examine the enjoyment of either kind of song and spectacle; and we shall see the one indeed continuing until evening, so long as the spectator sits in the theatre, but after this paining him more grievously than any sting; but in the other case forever vigorous in the souls of them that have beheld it. For as well the fashion of the men, and the delightfulness of the place, and the sweetness of their manner of life, and the purity, of their rule, and the grace of that most beautiful and spiritual song they have for ever infixed in them. They at least who are in continual enjoyment of those havens, thenceforth flee as from a tempest, from the tumults of the multitude.

But not when singing only, and praying, but also when riveted to their books, they are a pleasing spectacle to the beholders. For after they have ended the choir, one takes Isaiah and discourses with him, another converses with the apostles, and another goes over the labors of other men, and seeks wisdom concerning God, concerning this universe, concerning the things that are seen, concerning the things that are not seen, concerning the objects of sense, and the objects of intellect, concerning the vileness of this present life, and the greatness of that to come.

5. And they are fed on a food most excellent, not setting before themselves cooked flesh of beasts; but oracles of God, beyond honey and the honey comb, a honey marvellous, and far superior to that whereon John fed of old in the wilderness. For this honey no wild bees collect, settling on the flowers, neither do lay it up in hives digesting the dew, but the grace of the Spirit forming it, layeth it up in the souls of the saints, in the place of honeycombs, and hives, and pipes, so that he that will may eat thereof continually in security. These bees then they also imitate, and hover around the honeycombs of those holy books, reaping therefrom great pleasure.

And if thou desirest to learn about their table, be near it, and thou shalt see them bursting forth2573 ἐρευγομνου .with such things, all gentle and sweet, and full of a spiritual fragrance. No foul word can those spiritual mouths bring forth, nothing of foolish jesting, nothing harsh, but all worthy of Heaven. One would not be wrong in comparing the mouths of them that crawl about in the market places, and are mad after worldly things, to ditches of some mire; but the lips of these to fountains flowing with honey, and pouring forth pure streams.

But if any felt displeased that I have called the mouths of the multitude ditches of some mire, let him know that I have said it, sparing them very much. For Scripture hath not used this measure, but a comparison far stronger. “For adder’s poison,” it is said, “is under their lips,2574 Ps. cxl. 3 and v. 9.and their throat is an open sepulchre.” But theirs are not so, but full of much fragrance.

And their state here is like this, but that hereafter what speech can set before us? what thought shall conceive? the portion of angels, the blessedness unspeakable, the good things untold?

Perchance some are warmed now, and have been moved to a longing after this good rule of life. But what is the profit, when whilst ye are here only, ye have this fire; but when ye have gone forth, ye extinguish the flame, and this desire fades. How then, in order that this may not be? While this desire is warm in you, go your way unto those angels, kindle it more. For the account that we give will not be able to set thee on fire, like as the sight of the things. Say not, I will speak with my wife, and I will settle my affairs first. This delay is the beginning of remissness. Hear, how one desired to bid farewell to them at his house,2575 1 Kings xix. 20.and the prophet suffered him not. And why do I say, to bid farewell? The disciple desired to bury his father,2576 Matt. viii. 21–22.and Christ allowed not so much as this. And yet what thing seems to thee to be so necessary as the funeral of a father? but not even this did He permit.

Why could this have been? Because the devil is at hand fierce, desiring to find some secret approach; and though it be but a little hindrance or delay he takes hold of, he works a great remissness. Therefore one adviseth, “Put not off from day to day.”2577 Ecclus. v. 7. For thus shalt thou be able to succeed in most things, thus also shall the things in thine house be well ordered for thee. “For seek ye,” it is said, “the kingdom of God, and all these things shall be added unto you.”2578 Matt. vi. 33. For if we establish in great security them that overlook their own interests, and prefer the care of ours, much more doth God, who even without these things hath a care for us, and provides for us.

Be not thoughtful then about thine interests, but leave them to God. For if thou art thoughtful about them, thou art thoughtful as a man; but if God provide, He provides as God. Be not so thoughtful about them as to let go the greater things, since then He will not much provide for them. In order therefore that He may fully provide for them, leave them to Him alone. For if thou also thyself takest them in hand, having let go the things spiritual, He will not make much provision for them.

In order then that both these things may be well disposed for thee, and that thou mayest be freed from all anxiety, cleave to the things spiritual, overlook the things of the world; for in this way thou shalt have earth also with heaven, and shalt attain unto the good things to come, by the grace and love towards man of our Lord Jesus Christ, to whom be glory and might world without end. Amen.

ΟΜΙΛΙΑ ΞΗʹ. Ἄλλην παραβολὴν ἀκούσατε. Ἄνθρωπός τις ἦν οἰκοδεσπότης, ὅστις ἐφύτευσεν ἀμπελῶνα, καὶ φραγμὸν αὐτῷ περιέθηκε, καὶ ὤρυξε ληνὸν, καὶ ᾠκοδόμησε πύργον: καὶ ἐξέδοτο αὐτὸν γεωρ γοῖς, καὶ ἀπεδήμησεν. Ὅτε δὲ ἤγγισεν ὁ καιρὸς τῶν καρπῶν, ἀπέστειλε τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ, λαβεῖν τοὺς καρπούς. Καὶ λαβόντες οἱ γεωργοὶ τοὺς δούλους, οὓς μὲν ἔδειραν, οὓς δὲ ἀπέκτει ναν, οὓς δὲ ἐλιθοβόλησαν. Πάλιν ἀπέστειλεν ἄλλους δούλους πλείονας τῶν πρώτων, καὶ ἐποίη σαν αὐτοῖς ὡσαύτως. Ὕστερον ἀπέστειλε πρὸς αὐτοὺς τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ, λέγων: Ἴσως ἐν τραπήσονται τὸν υἱόν μου. Οἱ δὲ γεωργοὶ ἰδόντες τὸν υἱὸν, εἶπον ἐν ἑαυτοῖς: Οὗτός ἐστιν ὁ κλη ρονόμος: δεῦτε, ἀποκτείνωμεν αὐτὸν, καὶ κατά σχωμεν τὴν κληρονομίαν αὐτοῦ. Καὶ ἐκβαλόντες ἔξω τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος, ἀπέκτειναν. Ὅταν οὖν ἔλθῃ ὁ κύριος τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος, τί ποιήσει τοῖς γεωργοῖς ἐκείνοις; Λέγουσιν αὐτῷ: Κακοὺς κα κῶς ἀπολέσει αὐτοὺς, καὶ τὸν ἀμπελῶνα ἐκδώ σεται γεωργοῖς ἑτέροις, οἵτινες ἀποδώσουσι τοὺς καρποὺς ἐν τοῖς καιροῖς αὐτῶν. Λέγει αὐτοῖς ὁ Ἰησοῦς: Οὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε ἐν ταῖς Γραφαῖς: Λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες, οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας; αʹ. Πολλὰ ἀπὸ τῆς παραβολῆς ταύτης αἰνίττεται: τοῦ Θεοῦ τὴν πρόνοιαν, τὴν εἰς αὐτοὺς ἄνωθεν γεγενημένην: τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς αὐτῶν φονικόν: τὸ μηδὲν παραλειφθῆναι τῶν ἡκόντων εἰς ἐπιμέλειαν: τὸ καὶ προφητῶν σφαγέντων μὴ ἀποστραφῆναι αὐτοὺς, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν Υἱὸν πέμψαι: τὸ καὶ τῆς Καινῆς καὶ τῆς Παλαιᾶς ἕνα καὶ τὸν αὐτὸν εἶναι Θεόν: τὸ μεγάλα αὐτοῦ τὸν θάνατον κατορθώσειν: τὸ τὴν ἐσχάτην δίκην τοῦ σταυροῦ καὶ τοῦ τολμήματος αὐτοὺς ὑπομένειν: τῶν ἐθνῶν τὴν κλῆσιν, τῶν Ἰουδαίων τὴν ἔκπτωσιν. Διὰ τοῦτο αὐτὴν μετὰ τὴν ἔμπροσθεν τίθησιν, ἵνα δείξῃ κἀντεῦθεν τὸ ἔγκλημα μεῖζον καὶ σφόδρα ἀσύγγνωστον. Πῶς καὶ τίνι τρόπῳ; Ὅτι τοσαύτης τυχόντες ἐπιμελείας, πορνῶν καὶ τελωνῶν ἡττήθησαν, καὶ παρὰ τοσοῦτον. Θέα δὲ καὶ αὐτοῦ τὴν πρόνοιαν τὴν πολλὴν, καὶ τὴν τούτων ἀργίαν τὴν ἄφατον. Καὶ γὰρ ἃ τῶν γεωργῶν ἦν, αὐτὸς ἐποίησε: τὸ φραγμὸν περιθεῖναι, τὸ φυτεῦσαι τὸν ἀμπελῶνα, τὰ ἄλλα πάντα: καὶ μικρὸν αὐτοῖς κατέλιπε, τὸ ἐπιμελεῖσθαι τῶν ὄντων, καὶ διαφυλάξαι τὰ δοθέντα. Οὐδὲν γὰρ ἦν ἐλλειφθὲν, ἀλλὰ πάντα ἀπηρτισμένα: καὶ οὐδὲ οὕτως ἐκέρδαναν, καὶ ταῦτα τοσούτων ἀπολαύσαντες παρ' αὐτοῦ. Ὅτε γὰρ ἐξ Αἰγύπτου ἐξῆλθον, καὶ νόμον ἔδωκε, καὶ πόλιν ἀνέστησε, καὶ ναὸν ᾠκοδόμησε, καὶ θυσιαστήριον κατεσκεύασε. Καὶ ἀπεδήμησε: τουτέστιν, ἐμακροθύμησεν, οὐκ ἀεὶ τοῖς ἁμαρτήμασι παραπόδας ἐπάγων τὰς τιμωρίας: τὴν γὰρ ἀποδημίαν τὴν πολλὴν αὐτοῦ μακροθυμίαν φησί. Καὶ ἀπέστειλε τοὺς δούλους αὐτοῦ, τουτέστι, τοὺς προφήτας, τὸν καρπὸν λαβεῖν, τουτέστι, τὴν ὑπακοὴν, τὴν διὰ τῶν ἔργων ἐπίδειξιν. Οἱ δὲ κἀνταῦθα τὴν κακίαν ἐπεδείξαντο, οὐ τῷ μὴ δοῦναι τὸν καρπὸν τοσαύτης ἀπολαύσαντας ἐπιμελείας, ὅπερ ἀργίας ἦν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τῷ δυσχερᾶναι πρὸς τοὺς ἐλθόντας. Τοὺς γὰρ οὐκ ἔχοντας δοῦναι καὶ ὀφείλοντας, οὐκ ἀγανακτεῖν ἐχρῆν, οὐδὲ δυσχεραίνειν, ἀλλὰ παρακαλεῖν. Οἱ δὲ οὐ μόνον ἠγανάκτησαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ αἱμάτων τὰς χεῖρας ἐνέπλησαν: καὶ δίκην ὀφείλοντες, αὐτοὶ δίκην ἀπῄτουν. Διὰ τοῦτο καὶ δευτέρους ἔπεμψε καὶ τρίτους, ἵνα δειχθῇ καὶ ἡ τούτων κακία, καὶ ἡ τοῦ πέμψαντος φιλανθρωπία. Καὶ διατί μὴ τὸν υἱὸν εὐθέως ἀπέστειλεν; Ἵνα ἐκ τῶν εἰς ἐκείνους γενομένων καταγνόντες ἑαυτῶν, καὶ τὸν θυμὸν ἀφέντες, ἐκεῖνον ἐντραπῶσιν ἐλθόντα. Εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ ἕτεροι λόγοι: ἀλλὰ τέως ἐπὶ τὰ ἑξῆς ἴωμεν. Τί δέ ἐστι τὸ, Ἴσως ἐντραπήσονται; Οὐχὶ ἀγνοοῦντος, ἄπαγε: ἀλλὰ θέλοντος δεῖξαι τὸ ἁμάρτημα μέγα, καὶ ἀπολογίας πάσης ἐστερημένον. Ἐπεὶ αὐτὸς εἰδὼς, ὅτι ἀναιρήσουσιν, ἔπεμψε. Λέγει δὲ, Ἐντραπήσονται, τὸ γενέσθαι ὀφεῖλον ἀπαγγέλλων: ὅτι ἔδει αὐτοὺς ἐντραπῆναι. Ἐπεὶ καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ φησιν, Ἐὰν ἄρα ἀκούσωσιν: οὐδὲ ἐκεῖ ἀγνοῶν: ἀλλ' ἵνα μὴ λέγωσί τινες τῶν ἀγνωμόνων, ὅτι ἡ πρόῤῥησις αὐτοῦ γέγονεν ἀναγκαστικὴ τῆς παρακοῆς, διὰ τοῦτο οὕτω σχηματίζει τὰς λέξεις, Ἐὰν ἄρα, λέγων, καὶ, Ἴσως. Εἰ γὰρ καὶ περὶ τοὺς δούλους ἀγνώμονες ἐγένοντο, τὸ τοῦ υἱοῦ ἀξίωμα αἰδεσθῆναι ἐχρῆν. Τί οὖν οὗτοι; Δέον προσδραμεῖν, δέον αἰτῆσαι συγγνώμην ἐπὶ τοῖς πεπλημμελημένοις, καὶ ἐπαγωνίζονται τοῖς προτέροις, ἐπαποδύονται τοῖς μιάσμασιν, ἀεὶ τὰ πρότερα τοῖς δευτέροις ἀποκρύπτοντες: ὃ καὶ αὐτὸς δηλῶν ἔλεγε: Πληρώσατε τὸ μέτρον τῶν πατέρων ὑμῶν. Ἄνωθεν γὰρ αὐτοῖς ταῦτα ἐνεκάλουν οἱ προφῆται λέγοντες: Αἱ χεῖρες ὑμῶν αἵματος πλήρεις: καὶ, Αἵματα ἐφ' αἵμασι μίσγουσι: καὶ, Οἰκοδομοῦντες Σιὼν ἐν αἵμασιν. Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἐσωφρονίζοντο: καίτοι ταύτην λαβόντες πρώτην τὴν ἐντολὴν, τὸ, Οὐ φονεύσεις, καὶ μυρίων ἑτέρων κελευσθέντες ἀπέχεσθαι διὰ τοῦτο, καὶ διὰ πολλῶν καὶ παντοδαπῶν εἰς τὴν φυλακὴν τῆς ἐντολῆς ταύτης ἐναγόμενοι. Ἀλλ' ὅμως τὴν πονηρὰν ἐκείνην οὐκ ἀπέθεντο συνήθειαν: ἀλλὰ τί λέγουσιν ἰδόντες αὐτόν; Δεῦτε, ἀποκτείνωμεν αὐτόν. Τίνος ἕνεκεν, καὶ διατί; τί ποτε ἔχοντες ἐγκαλεῖν, ἢ μικρὸν, ἢ μέγα; Ὅτι ἐτίμησεν ὑμᾶς, καὶ Θεὸς ὢν, ἄνθρωπος ἐγένετο δι' ὑμᾶς, καὶ τὰ μυρία ἐκεῖνα εἰργάσατο θαύματα; ἀλλ' ὅτι τὰ ἁμαρτήματα συνεχώρει; ἀλλ' ὅτι ἐπὶ βασιλείαν ἐκάλει; Ὅρα δὲ μετὰ τῆς ἀσεβείας καὶ τὴν ἄνοιαν πολλὴν οὖσαν, καὶ τὴν αἰτίαν τῆς σφαγῆς πολλῆς γέμουσαν παραπληξίας. Ἀποκτείνωμεν γὰρ αὐτὸν, φησὶ, καὶ ἡμῶν ἔσται ἡ κληρονομία. Καὶ ποῦ ἀποκτεῖναι βουλεύονται; Ἔξω τοῦ ἀμπελῶνος. βʹ. Εἶδες πῶς προφητεύει καὶ τὸν τόπον, ἔνθα ἔμελλε σφάττεσθαι; Καὶ ἐκβαλόντες ἀπέκτειναν. Καὶ ὁ μὲν Λουκᾶς φησιν, ὅτι αὐτὸς ἀπεφήνατο ὃ παθεῖν ἔδει τούτους, κἀκεῖνοι εἶπον, Μὴ γένοιτο: καὶ τὴν μαρτυρίαν ἐπήγαγεν. Ἐμβλέψας γὰρ αὐτοῖς εἶπε: Τί οὖν ἐστι τὸ γεγραμμένον, Λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες, οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας: καὶ πᾶς ὁ πεσὼν ἐπ' αὐτὸν συνθλασθήσεται; Ὁ δὲ Ματθαῖος, ὅτι αὐτοὶ τὴν ψῆφον ἐξήνεγκαν. Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἔστι τοῦτο ἐναντιολογίας. Καὶ γὰρ ἀμφότερα γέγονε: καὶ τὴν ψῆφον αὐτοὶ ἐξήνεγκαν καθ' ἑαυτῶν, καὶ πάλιν αἰσθόμενοι τῶν εἰρημένων εἶπον, Μὴ γένοιτο: καὶ τὸν προφήτην αὐτοῖς ἐπετείχισε, πείθων αὐτοὺς, ὅτι πάντως ἔσται τοῦτο. Ἀλλ' ὅμως οὐδὲ οὕτω τὰ ἔθνη σαφῶς ἀπεκάλυψεν, ὥστε μηδεμίαν αὐτοῖς παρασχεῖν λαβὴν, ἀλλ' ᾐνίξατο εἰπὼν, Δώσει τὸν ἀμπελῶνα ἄλλοις. Διὰ τοῦτο δὴ καὶ διὰ παραβολῆς εἴρηκεν, ἵνα αὐτοὶ τὴν ψῆφον ἐξενέγκωσιν: ὅπερ καὶ ἐπὶ τοῦ Δαυῒδ γέγονεν, ὅτε ἔκρινε τὴν παραβολὴν τοῦ Νάθαν. Σὺ δέ μοι σκόπει κἀντεῦθεν πῶς δικαία ἡ ψῆφος, ὅταν αὐτοὶ οἱ μέλλοντες κολάζεσθαι ἑαυτοὺς καταδικάζωσιν. Εἶτα ἵνα μάθωσιν, ὅτι οὐ μόνον ἡ τοῦ δικαίου φύσις ταῦτα ἀπῄτει, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἄνωθεν ἡ τοῦ Πνεύματος χάρις προὔλεγε ταῦτα, καὶ ὁ Θεὸς οὕτως ἐψηφίζετο, καὶ προφητείαν ἐπήγαγε, καὶ ἐντρεπτικῶς αὐτοῖς ἐπιτιμᾷ λέγων: Οὐδέποτε ἀνέγνωτε, ὅτι Λίθον ὃν ἀπεδοκίμασαν οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες, οὗτος ἐγενήθη εἰς κεφαλὴν γωνίας; παρὰ Κυρίου ἐγένετο αὕτη, καὶ ἔστι θαυμαστὴ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν: διὰ πάντων δεικνὺς, ὅτι οἱ μὲν ἐκβάλλεσθαι ἔμελλον ἀπιστοῦντες, τὰ δὲ ἔθνη εἰσάγεσθαι. Τοῦτο καὶ διὰ τῆς Χαναναίας, τοῦτο καὶ διὰ τοῦ ὄνου, καὶ διὰ τοῦ ἑκατοντάρχου, καὶ δι' ἄλλων πολλῶν παραβολῶν ᾐνίξατο: τοῦτο καὶ νῦν. Διὸ καὶ ἐπήγαγε: Παρὰ Κυρίου ἐγένετο αὕτη, καὶ ἔστι θαυμαστὴ ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς ἡμῶν: προδηλῶν, ὅτι τὰ ἔθνη πιστεύοντα, καὶ Ἰουδαίων ὅσοι ἂν καὶ αὐτοὶ πιστεύσωσιν, ἔσονται ἓν, καίτοι τοσούτου τοῦ μέσου ὄντος ἔμπροσθεν. Εἶτα, ἵνα μάθωσιν ὅτι οὐδὲν τῷ Θεῷ ἐναντίον τῶν γινομένων ἦν, ἀλλὰ καὶ σφόδρα εὐαπόδεκτον τὸ συμβαῖνον, καὶ παράδοξον, καὶ τῶν ὁρώντων ἕκαστον ἐκπλῆττον: (καὶ γὰρ ἦν θαῦμα σφόδρα ἄφατον:) ἐπήγαγε λέγων: Παρὰ Κυρίου ἐγένετο αὕτη. Λίθον δὲ ἑαυτὸν καλεῖ, καὶ οἰκοδόμους τοὺς διδασκάλους τῶν Ἰουδαίων: ὃ καὶ Ἰεζεκιήλ φησιν: Οἱ οἰκοδομοῦντες τὸν τοῖχον, καὶ ἀλείφοντες ἀναρτύτως. Πῶς δὲ ἀπεδοκίμασαν; Λέγοντες, Οὗτος οὐκ ἔστιν ἀπὸ τοῦ Θεοῦ: Οὗτος πλανᾷ τὸν ὄχλον: καὶ πάλιν, Σαμαρείτης εἶ σὺ, καὶ δαιμόνιον ἔχεις. Εἶτα, ἵνα γνῶσιν ὅτι οὐ μέχρι τοῦ ἐκβληθῆναι αὐτοὺς ἡ ζημία, ἐπήγαγε καὶ τὰς κολάσεις, λέγων: Πᾶς ὁ πίπτων ἐπὶ τὸν λίθον τοῦτον, συνθλασθήσεται: ἐφ' ὃν δ' ἂν πέσῃ, λικμήσει αὐτόν. Δύο φησὶν ἀπωλείας ἐνταῦθα: μίαν μὲν, τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ προσκόψαι καὶ σκανδαλισθῆναι: τοῦτο γάρ ἐστιν, Ὁ πίπτων ἐπὶ τὸν λίθον τοῦτον: ἑτέραν δὲ, τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς ἁλώσεως αὐτῶν, καὶ τῆς συμφορᾶς καὶ πανωλεθρίας, ἣν καὶ σαφῶς προεδήλωσεν εἰπὼν, Λικμήσει αὐτόν. Διὰ τούτων καὶ τὴν ἀνάστασιν ᾐνίξατο τὴν ἑαυτοῦ. Ὁ μὲν οὖν προφήτης Ἡσαΐας τὸν ἀμπελῶνα αἰτιᾶσθαί φησιν αὐτόν: ἐνταῦθα δὲ καὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας τοῦ λαοῦ διαβάλλει. Καὶ ἐκεῖ μέν φησι: Τί ἔδει με ποιῆσαι τῷ ἀμπελῶνί μου, καὶ οὐκ ἐποίησα; καὶ ἀλλαχοῦ πάλιν: Τί εὗρον οἱ πατέρες ὑμῶν ἐν ἐμοὶ πλημμέλημα; καὶ πάλιν, Λαός μου, τί ἐποίησά σοι; ἢ τί ἐλύπησά σε; δεικνὺς αὐτῶν τὴν ἀχάριστον γνώμην, καὶ ὅτι πάντων ἀπολαύοντες, τοῖς ἐναντίοις ἠμείβοντο: ἐνταῦθα δὲ μετὰ πλείονος τίθησιν αὐτὸ ὑπερβολῆς. Οὐ γὰρ αὐτὸς ἀποφαίνεται λέγων: Τί ἔδει με ποιῆσαι, καὶ οὐκ ἐποίησα; ἀλλ' αὐτοὺς ἐκείνους εἰσάγει ψηφιζομένους, ὅτι οὐδὲν ἐνέλιπε, καὶ καταδικάζοντας ἑαυτούς. Ὅταν γὰρ εἴπωσιν, ὅτι Κακοὺς κακῶς ἀπολέσει αὐτοὺς, καὶ τὸν ἀμπελῶνα ἐκδώσεται ἑτέροις γεωργοῖς, οὐδὲν ἕτερον ἢ τοῦτο λέγουσι, μετὰ πολλῆς τῆς περιουσίας τὴν ψῆφον ἐκφέροντες. Τοῦτο καὶ Στέφανος αὐτοῖς ὀνειδίζει, ὃ καὶ μάλιστα αὐτοὺς ἔδακνεν, ὅτι πολλῆς ἀπολαύσαντες ἀεὶ προνοίας, τοῖς ἐναντίοις ἠμείβοντο τὸν εὐεργέτην: ὅπερ καὶ αὐτὸ μέγιστον ἦν σημεῖον τοῦ μὴ τὸν κολάζοντα, ἀλλὰ τοὺς κολαζομένους αἰτίους εἶναι τῆς τιμωρίας τῆς ἐπαγομένης αὐτοῖς. Τοῦτο δὴ καὶ ἐνταῦθα δείκνυται διὰ τῆς παραβολῆς, διὰ τῆς προφητείας. Οὐδὲ γὰρ ἠρκέσθη τῇ παραβολῇ μόνον, ἀλλὰ καὶ προφητείαν διπλῆν ἐπήγαγε, τὴν μὲν τοῦ Δαυῒδ, τὴν δὲ παρ' ἑαυτοῦ. Τί οὖν ἐχρῆν ταῦτα ἀκούσαντας ποιεῖν; οὐχὶ προσκυνῆσαι; οὐχὶ θαυμάσαι τὴν κηδεμονίαν, τὴν ἔμπροσθεν, τὴν μετὰ ταῦτα; Εἰ δὲ μηδενὶ τούτων ἐγένοντο βελτίους, τῷ γοῦν φόβῳ τῆς κολάσεως οὐκ ἔδει γενέσθαι σωφρονεστέρους; Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἐγένοντο: ἀλλὰ τί μετὰ ταῦτα; Ἀκούσαντες, φησὶν, ἔγνωσαν ὅτι περὶ αὐτῶν λέγει. Καὶ ζητοῦντες αὐτὸν κρατῆσαι, ἐφοβήθησαν διὰ τοὺς ὄχλους, ὅτι ὡς προφήτην αὐτὸν εἶχον. Ἠ|σθάνοντο γὰρ λοιπὸν, ὅτι αὐτοὺς ᾐνίττετο. Ποτὲ μὲν οὖν κατεχόμενος, διὰ μέσου αὐτῶν ἀναχωρεῖ, καὶ οὐχ ὁρᾶται: ποτὲ δὲ φαινόμενος ὠδίνουσαν αὐτῶν τὴν ἐπιθυμίαν ἐπέχει. Ὃ καὶ θαυμάζοντες ἔλεγον: Οὐχ οὗτός ἐστιν Ἰησοῦς; ἴδε παῤῥησίᾳ λαλεῖ, καὶ οὐδὲν αὐτῷ λέγουσιν. Ἐνταῦθα δὲ, ἐπειδὴ τῷ φόβῳ τοῦ πλήθους κατείχοντο, ἀρκεῖται τούτῳ, καὶ οὐ παραδοξοποιεῖ, ὥσπερ ἔμπροσθεν, διὰ μέσου ἀναχωρῶν καὶ μὴ φαινόμενος. Οὐ γὰρ ἐβούλετο πάντα ὑπὲρ ἄνθρωπον ποιεῖν, ὥστε πιστευθῆναι τὴν οἰκονομίαν. Οἱ δὲ οὐδὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ πλήθους ἐσωφρονίζοντο, οὐδὲ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰρημένων: οὐ τὴν τῶν προφητῶν μαρτυρίαν, οὐ τὴν ἑαυτῶν ᾐδοῦντο ψῆφον, οὐ τὴν τῶν πολλῶν γνώμην: οὕτω καθάπαξ αὐτοὺς ἡ φιλαρχία καὶ ὁ τῆς κενοδοξίας ἐπήρωσεν ἔρως, καὶ τὸ τὰ πρόσκαιρα ζητεῖν. γʹ. Οὐδὲν γὰρ οὕτως ἐπὶ κεφαλὴν ὠθεῖ, καὶ κατὰ κρημνῶν φέρει: οὐδὲν οὕτω ποιεῖ τῶν μελλόντων ἐκπίπτειν, ὡς τὸ προσηλῶσθαι τοῖς ἐπικήροις τούτοις: οὐδὲν οὕτω ποιεῖ καὶ τούτων κἀκείνων ἀπολαύειν, ὡς τὸ πάντων ἐκεῖνα προτιμᾷν. Ζητεῖτε γὰρ, φησὶν ὁ Χριστὸς, τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ταῦτα πάντα προστεθήσεται ὑμῖν. Καίτοι εἰ μηδὲ τοῦτο προσέκειτο, οὐδὲ οὕτως αὐτῶν ἐφίεσθαι ἔδει. Νῦν δὲ ἐν τῷ λαβεῖν ἐκεῖνα, καὶ ταῦτα ἔστι προσλαβεῖν: καὶ οὐδὲ οὕτως ἔνιοι πείθονται: ἀλλὰ λίθοις ἀναισθήτοις ἐοίκασι, καὶ σκιὰς διώκουσιν ἡδονῆς. Τί γὰρ ἡδὺ τῶν ἐν τῷ παρόντι βίῳ; τί δὲ τερπνόν; Μετὰ γὰρ παῤῥησίας ὑμῖν πλείονος διαλεχθῆναι βούλομαι σήμερον: ἀλλὰ ἀνάσχεσθε, ἵνα μάθητε ὅτι ὁ δοκῶν οὗτος φορτικὸς εἶναι βίος καὶ ἐπαχθὴς, ὁ τῶν μοναχῶν λέγω καὶ τῶν ἐσταυρωμένων, πολὺ τούτου τοῦ δοκοῦντος εἶναι προσηνοῦς καὶ ἁπαλωτέρου γλυκύτερός ἐστι καὶ ποθεινότερος. Καὶ τούτου μάρτυρες ὑμεῖς, οἱ θάνατον πολλάκις αἰτήσαντες ἐν ταῖς καταλαβούσαις ὑμᾶς περιστάσεσι καὶ ἀθυμίαις, καὶ ἐκείνους μακαρίσαντες τοὺς ἐν ὄρεσι, τοὺς ἐν σπηλαίοις, τοὺς μὴ γεγαμηκότας, τὸν ἀπράγμονα βίον ζῶντας, οἵ τε ἐν ταῖς τέχναις, οἵ τε ἐν ταῖς στρατείαις, οἵ τε ἁπλῶς ζῶντες καὶ εἰκῆ, καὶ ἐν τῇ σκηνῇ διημερεύοντες καὶ ταῖς ὀρχήστραις. Καὶ γὰρ ἐκεῖθεν, εἰ καὶ μυρίαι ἡδοναὶ βρύειν δοκοῦσι καὶ εὐφροσύνης πηγαὶ, ἀλλὰ μυρία τίκτεται πικρότερα βέλη. Ἂν γὰρ ἁλῷ τις ἔρωτι κόρης τινὸς τῶν ὀρχουμένων ἐκεῖ, ὑπὲρ μυρίας στρατείας, ὑπὲρ μυρίας ἀποδημίας χαλεπωτέραν ὑποστήσεται βάσανον, πάσης πόλεως πολιορκουμένης ἀθλιώτερον διακείμενος. Πλὴν ἀλλ' ἵνα μὴ ἐκεῖνα ἐξετάσωμεν τέως, τῷ συνειδότι ταῦτα ἀφέντες τῶν ἑαλωκότων, φέρε περὶ τοῦ τῶν πολλῶν διαλεχθῶμεν βίου: καὶ τοσοῦτον εὑρήσομεν τὸ μέσον ἑκατέρας τῆς ζωῆς ταύτης, ὅσον λιμένος καὶ πελάγους συνεχῶς ἀνέμοις διακοπτομένου τὸ διάφορον. Σκόπει δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν καταγωγίων εὐθέως τὰ προοίμια τῆς εὐημερίας. Ἀγορὰς γὰρ καὶ πόλεις καὶ τοὺς ἐν μέσῳ φυγόντες θορύβους, τὸν ἐν ὄρεσι βίον εἵλοντο, τὸν οὐδὲν ἔχοντα κοινὸν πρὸς τὰ παρόντα, τὸν οὐδὲν ἀνθρώπινον ὑπομένοντα, οὐ λύπην βιωτικὴν, οὐκ ὀδύνην, οὐ φροντίδα τοσαύτην, οὐ κινδύνους, οὐκ ἐπιβουλὰς, οὐ βασκανίαν, οὐ ζηλοτυπίαν, οὐκ ἔρωτας ἀτόπους, οὐκ ἄλλο τῶν τοιούτων οὐδέν. Ἐντεῦθεν ἤδη τὰ τῆς βασιλείας μελετῶσι, νάπαις ὁμιλοῦντες καὶ ὄρεσι καὶ πηγαῖς, καὶ ἡσυχίᾳ καὶ ἠρεμίᾳ πολλῇ, καὶ πρὸ τούτων ἁπάντων τῷ Θεῷ. Καὶ παντὸς μὲν θορύβου τὸ δωμάτιον αὐτοῖς καθαρὸν, παντὸς δὲ πάθους ἡ ψυχὴ καὶ νοσήματος ἐλευθέρα, λεπτὴ καὶ κούφη, καὶ τοῦ λεπτοτάτου ἀέρος σφόδρα καθαρωτέρα. Ἔργον δὲ αὐτοῖς, ὅπερ ἦν καὶ τῷ Ἀδὰμ παρὰ τὴν ἀρχὴν καὶ πρὸ τῆς ἁμαρτίας, ὅτε τὴν δόξαν ἠμφιεσμένος ἦν, καὶ τῷ Θεῷ μετὰ παῤῥησίας ὡμίλει, καὶ τὸ χωρίον ἐκεῖνο τὸ πολλῆς γέμον μακαριότητος ᾤκει. Τί γὰρ οὗτοι χεῖρον ἐκείνου διάκεινται, ὅτε πρὸ τῆς παρακοῆς ἐτέθη ἐργάζεσθαι τὸν παράδεισον; Οὐδεμία φροντὶς ἦν αὐτῷ βιωτική; ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τούτοις. Θεῷ διελέγετο μετὰ καθαροῦ συνειδότος; τοῦτο καὶ οὗτοι: μᾶλλον δὲ καὶ πολλῷ μείζονα ἔχουσι παῤῥησίαν ἐκείνου, ὅσῳ καὶ μείζονος ἀπολελαύκασι χάριτος διὰ τῆς τοῦ Πνεύματος χορηγίας. Ἐχρῆν μὲν οὖν ὑμᾶς ὄψει ταῦτα παραλαμβάνειν: ἐπειδὴ δὲ οὐ βούλεσθε, ἀλλ' ἐν θορύβοις καὶ ἀγοραῖς διατρίβετε, κἂν λόγῳ γοῦν διδάξωμεν ὑμᾶς, ἓν μέρος ἀπολαβόντες αὐτῶν τῆς διαγωγῆς: πάντα γὰρ οὐ δυνατὸν ἐπελθεῖν τὸν ἐκείνων βίον. Οὗτοι οἱ φωστῆρες τῆς οἰκουμένης, ἐπειδὰν ἥλιος ἀνίσχῃ, μᾶλλον δὲ πολλῷ πρὸ τῆς ἀκτῖνος, ἀπὸ τῆς εὐνῆς ἀναστάντες, ὑγιεῖς καὶ ἐγρηγορότες καὶ νήφοντες: (οὔτε γὰρ λύπη τις καὶ φροντὶς, οὔτε καρηβαρία καὶ πόνος καὶ πραγμάτων ὄχλος, οὐκ ἄλλο τι τῶν τοιούτων οὐδὲν αὐτοῖς ἐνοχλεῖ, ἀλλ' ὡς ἄγγελοι διάγουσιν ἐν οὐρανῷ) ἀναστάντες τοίνυν εὐθέως ἀπὸ τῆς εὐνῆς φαιδροὶ καὶ γεγηθότες; καὶ χορὸν ἕνα στησάμενοι, ἐν φαιδρῷ τῷ συνειδότι συμφώνως ἅπαντες ὥσπερ ἐξ ἑνὸς στόματος, ὕμνους εἰς τὸν τῶν ὅλων ᾄδουσι Θεὸν, γεραίροντές τε αὐτὸν, καὶ χάριν εἰδότες ὑπὲρ ἁπάντων αὐτῷ, τῶν τε ἰδίων, τῶν τε κοινῶν εὐεργετημάτων. Ὥστε, εἰ δοκεῖ, τὸν Ἀδὰμ ἀφέντες, ἐρωτήσομεν τί τῶν ἀγγέλων οὗτος διέστηκεν ὁ χορὸς τῶν ἐπὶ γῆς ᾀδόντων καὶ λεγόντων: Δόξα ἐν ὑψίστοις Θεῷ, καὶ ἐπὶ γῆς εἰρήνη. ἐν ἀνθρώποις εὐδοκία. Καὶ ἡ στολὴ δὲ αὐτοῖς τῆς ἀνδρίας ἀξία. Οὐ γὰρ δὴ κατὰ τοὺς ἑλκεχίτωνας καὶ ἐκνενευρισμένους καὶ διακλωμένους εἰσὶν ἐστολισμένοι: ἀλλὰ κατὰ τοὺς μακαρίους ἐκείνους ἀγγέλους, τὸν Ἠλίαν, τὸν Ἐλισσαῖον, τὸν Ἰωάννην, κατὰ τοὺς ἀποστόλους: τῶν ἱματίων κατεσκευασμένων αὐτοῖς, τοῖς μὲν ἀπὸ τριχῶν αἰγῶν, τοῖς δὲ ἀπὸ τριχῶν καμήλων: εἰσὶ δὲ οἷς Καὶ δέρματα ἤρκεσε μόνον, καὶ ταῦτα πάλαι πεπονηκότα. Εἶτα ἐπειδὰν τὰς ᾠδὰς ἐκείνας εἴπωσι, τὰ γόνατα κάμψαντες, τὸν ὑμνηθέντα Θεὸν παρακαλοῦσιν ὑπὲρ πραγμάτων, ὧν ἔνιοι οὐδὲ εἰς ἔννοιαν ταχέως ἔρχονται. Αἰτοῦσι γὰρ τῶν μὲν παρόντων οὐδέν: οὐδεὶς γὰρ αὐτοῖς τούτων λόγος: τὸ δὲ μετὰ παῤῥησίας στῆναι ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ βήματος τοῦ φοβεροῦ, ὅταν ἔλθῃ κρῖναι ζῶντας καὶ νεκροὺς ὁ μονογενὴς Υἱὸς τοῦ Θεοῦ: καὶ τὸ μηδένα ἀκοῦσαι τῆς φοβερᾶς ἐκείνης φωνῆς τῆς λεγούσης, Οὐκ οἶδα ὑμᾶς: καὶ ὥστε μετὰ καθαροῦ συνειδότος καὶ πολλῶν τῶν κατορθωμάτων τὸν ἐπίμοχθον τοῦτον διανύσαι βίον, καὶ τὸ χαλεπὸν πλεῦσαι πέλαγος ἐξ οὐρίας. Ἡγεῖται δὲ αὐτοῖς τῆς εὐχῆς, ὁ πατὴρ καὶ ὁ προεστηκώς. Εἶτα ἀναστάντες καὶ τελέσαντες τὰς ἁγίας ἐκείνας καὶ συνεχεῖς εὐχὰς, ἀνισχούσης τῆς ἀκτῖνος, εἰς ἔργον ἄπεισιν ἕκαστος, πολλὴν πρόσοδον ἐντεῦθεν τοῖς δεομένοις συνάγοντες. δʹ. Ποῦ νῦν εἰσιν οἱ τοῖς διαβολικοῖς ἑαυτοὺς ἐκδιδόντες χοροῖς καὶ τοῖς ᾄσμασι τοῖς πορνικοῖς, καὶ ἐν θεάτροις καθήμενοι; Αἰσχύνομαι μὲν γὰρ μεμνημένος ἐκείνων: πλὴν διὰ τὴν ἀσθένειαν ὑμῶν ἀνάγκη καὶ τοῦτο ποιῆσαι. Καὶ γὰρ ὁ Παῦλός φησιν: Ὥσπερ γὰρ παρεστήσατε τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν δοῦλα τῇ ἀκαθαρσίᾳ, οὕτω νῦν παραστήσατε τὰ μέλη ὑμῶν δοῦλα τῇ δικαιοσύνῃ εἰς ἁγιασμόν. Καὶ ἡμεῖς τοίνυν, φέρε παρεξετάσωμεν τὸν χορὸν τὸν ἐκ τῶν πορνευομένων γυναικῶν καὶ τῶν ἡταιρηκότων νέων συνεστῶτα ἐν τῇ σκηνῇ. καὶ τοῦτον αὐτὸν τὸν τῶν μακαρίων τούτων, εἰς ἡδονῆς λόγον δι' ἣν μάλιστα πολλοὶ τῶν ῥᾳθύμων νέων ἁλίσκονται ταῖς ἐκείνων παγίσι. Τοσοῦτον γὰρ τὸ μέσον εὑρήσομεν, ὅσον εἰ ἀγγέλων τις ἤκουσεν ᾀδόντων ἄνω τὴν παναρμόνιον μελῳδίαν ἐκείνην, καὶ κυνῶν καὶ χοίρων ἐπὶ τῆς κοπρίας κατωρυομένων καὶ γρυζόντων. Διὰ τούτων μὲν γὰρ τῶν στομάτων ὁ Χριστὸς, δι' ἐκείνων δὲ τῆς γλώττης ὁ διάβολος φθέγγεται. Ἀλλὰ σύριγγες συνηχοῦσιν ἐκείνοις ἀσήμῳ φωνῇ καὶ ἀτερπεῖ τῇ ὄψει, τῶν γνάθων αὐτοῖς φυσωμένων, καὶ τῶν νεύρων διασπωμένων; Ἀλλ' ἐνταῦθα ἡ τοῦ Πνεύματος ἐνηχεῖ χάρις, ἀντὶ αὐλοῦ καὶ κιθάρας καὶ σύριγγος τοῖς τῶν ἁγίων στόμασι κεχρημένη. Μᾶλλον δὲ ὅσα ἂν εἴπωμεν, οὐ δυνατὸν παραστῆσαι τὴν ἡδονὴν διὰ τοὺς τῷ πηλῷ καὶ τῇ πλινθείᾳ προσηλωμένους. Διὰ τοῦτο καὶ ἐβουλόμην τινὰ τῶν περὶ ταῦτα μαινομένων λαβεῖν, καὶ ἀπαγαγεῖν ἐκεῖ, καὶ δεῖξαι τῶν ἁγίων τὸν χορὸν τούτων, καὶ οὐκ ἂν ἐδέησέ μοι λόγου λοιπόν. Πλὴν κἂν πρὸς πηλίνους διαλεγώμεθα, πειρασόμεθα καὶ τῷ λόγῳ κἂν μετὰ μικρὸν αὐτοὺς ἀνασπάσαι τῆς ἰλύος καὶ τῶν τελμάτων. Ἐκεῖθεν μὲν γὰρ εὐθέως πῦρ δέχεται ἔρωτος ἀτόπου ὁ ἀκροατής: ὡς γὰρ οὐκ ἀρκούσης τῆς ὄψεως τῆς πόρνης φλέξαι τὴν διάνοιαν, καὶ τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς φωνῆς προστιθέασι λύμην: ἐνταῦθα δὲ, κἂν ἔχῃ τι τοιοῦτον ἡ ψυχὴ, ἀποτίθεται εὐθέως. Οὐχ ἡ φωνὴ δὲ μόνον, οὐδὲ ἡ ὄψις, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὰ ἱμάτια μᾶλλον τούτων θορυβεῖ τοὺς ὁρῶντας. Κἂν πένης ᾖ τις τῶν παχυτέρων καὶ ἠμελημένων, ἀπὸ τῆς θεωρίας μυρία ἀποδυσπετήσει πολλάκις, καὶ πρὸς ἑαυτὸν ἐρεῖ, ὅτι Ἡ μὲν πόρνη καὶ ὁ ἡταιρηκὼς, μαγείρων τέκνα καὶ σκυτοτόμων, πολλάκις δὲ καὶ οἰκετῶν, ἐν τοσαύτῃ ζῶσι τρυφῇ: ἐγὼ δὲ ἐλεύθερος καὶ ἐς ἐλευθέρων, δικαίους πόνους αἱρούμενος, οὐδὲ ὄναρ ταῦτα φαντασθῆναι δύναμαι: καὶ οὕτως ἐμπρησθεὶς ὑπὸ τῆς ἀθυμίας ἄπεισιν. Ἐπὶ δὲ τῶν μοναχῶν οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὐναντίον ἅπαν. Ὅταν γὰρ ἴδῃ πλουσίων παῖδας καὶ προγόνων περιφανῶν ἐκγόνους τοιαῦτα ἠμφιεσμένους ἱμάτια, οἷα οὐδὲ οἱ ἔσχατοι τῶν πενήτων. καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ χαίροντας, ἐννοήσατε πόσην τῆς πενίας παραμυθίαν δεξάμενος ἄπεισι. Κἂν πλούσιος ᾖ, σωφρονισθεὶς ἀναχωρεῖ, βελτίων γενόμενος. Πάλιν ἐν μὲν τῷ θεάτρῳ ὅταν ἴδωσι χρυσία περικειμένην τὴν πόρνην, ὁ μὲν πένης οἰμώξεται καὶ θρηνήσει, τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα οὐδὲν τοιοῦτον ἔχουσαν βλέπων: οἱ δὲ πλουτοῦντες ὑπερόψονται καὶ διαπτύσουσιν ἀπὸ τῆς θέας ταύτης τὰς συνοικούσας αὐτοῖς. Ὅταν γὰρ καὶ σχῆμα, καὶ βλέμμα, καὶ φωνὴν, καὶ βάδισιν, πάντα διακεκλασμένα ἐκείνη παρέχῃ τοῖς ὁρῶσιν, ἐμπρησθέντες ἀναχωροῦσι, καὶ αἰχμάλωτοι λοιπὸν εἰς τὰς οἰκίας εἰσέρχονται τὰς ἑαυτῶν. Ἐντεῦθεν αἱ ὕβρεις καὶ αἱ ἀτιμίαι, ἐντεῦθεν αἱ ἀπέχθειαι, οἱ πόλεμοι, οἱ θάνατοι οἱ καθημερινοί: ἐντεῦθεν ἀβίωτος τοῖς ἁλοῦσιν ὁ βίος, καὶ ἡ συνοικοῦσα λοιπὸν ἀηδὴς, καὶ τὰ παιδία οὐχ ὁμοίως ποθεινὰ, καὶ πάντα ἄνω καὶ κάτω τὰ τῆς οἰκίας, καὶ ὑπ' αὐτῆς λοιπὸν τῆς ἀκτῖνος ἐνοχλεῖσθαι δοκεῖ. Ἀλλ' οὐκ ἀπὸ τῶν χορῶν τούτων ἀηδία τις τοιαύτη: ἀλλ' ἥμερον καὶ πρᾶον δέξεται ἡ γυνὴ τὸν ἄνδρα, πάσης ἡδονῆς ἀτόπου ἀπηλλαγμένον, καὶ εὐκολώτερον αὐτῷ χρήσεται, ἢ πρὸ τούτου. Τοιαῦτα ὁ μὲν χορὸς ἐκεῖνος τίκτει κακὰ, οὗτος δὲ ἀγαθά: ὁ μὲν ἀπὸ προβάτων λύκους ποιῶν, οὗτος δὲ ἀπὸ λύκων ἀρνειοὺς ἐργαζόμενος. Ἀλλ' οὔπω περὶ τῆς ἡδονῆς οὐδὲν οὐδέπω τάχα εἰρήκαμεν. Καὶ τί γένοιτ' ἂν ἥδιον τοῦ μὴ θορυβεῖσθαι μηδὲ ὀδυνᾶσθαι τὴν διάνοιαν, μηδὲ ἀθυμεῖν καὶ στένειν; Πλὴν ἀλλὰ καὶ περαιτέρω τὸν λόγον προαγάγωμεν, καὶ ἑκατέρας τῆς ᾠδῆς καὶ τῆς θέας τὴν ἀπόλαυσιν ἐξετάσωμεν: καὶ ὀψόμεθα τὴν μὲν μέχρις ἑσπέρας μένουσαν, ἕως ἂν ἐν τῷ θεάτρῳ καθέζηται ὁ θεατὴς, μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα κέντρου παντὸς χαλεπώτερον ἀνιῶσαν αὐτόν: ἐνταῦθα δὲ διηνεκῶς ἐνακμάζουσαν ταῖς ψυχαῖς τῶν ἑωρακότων. Καὶ γὰρ καὶ τῶν ἀνδρῶν τὸν τύπον, καὶ τοῦ τόπου τὸ τερπνὸν, καὶ τῆς διαγωγῆς τὸ γλυκὺ, καὶ τῆς πολιτείας τὸ καθαρὸν, καὶ τῆς καλλίστης ᾠδῆς καὶ πνευματικῆς τὴν χάριν, ἔχουσιν ἑαυτοῖς διαπαντὸς ἐνιζάνοντα. Οἱ γοῦν τούτων ἀπολαύοντες διηνεκῶς τῶν λιμένων, ὥσπερ τινὰ χειμῶνα λοιπὸν φεύγουσι τῶν πολλῶν τοὺς θορύβους. Οὐκ ᾄδοντες δὲ μόνον καὶ εὐχόμενοι, ἀλλὰ καὶ ταῖς βίβλοις προσηλωμένοι, τερπνόν τι θέαμα τοῖς ὁρῶσίν εἰσιν. Ἐπειδὰν γὰρ τὸν χορὸν διαλύσωσιν, ὁ μὲν τὸν Ἡσαΐαν λαβὼν ἐκείνῳ διαλέγεται, ὁ δὲ τοῖς ἀποστόλοις ὁμιλεῖ, ἕτερος τὰ παρ' ἑτέρων πονηθέντα ἔπεισι, καὶ φιλοσοφεῖ περὶ Θεοῦ, περὶ τοῦδε τοῦ παντὸς, περὶ τῶν ὁρωμένων, περὶ τῶν ἀοράτων, περὶ αἰσθητῶν, περὶ νοητῶν, περὶ τῆς εὐτελείας τούτου τοῦ βίου, περὶ τῆς τοῦ μέλλοντος μεγαλειότητος. εʹ. Καὶ τρέφονται τροφὴν ἀρίστην, οὐ σάρκας ἀλόγων ἑψημένας παρατιθέμενοι, ἀλλὰ λόγια Θεοῦ ὑπὲρ μέλι καὶ κηρίον, μέλι θαυμάσιον, καὶ πολλῷ κρεῖττον ἢ κατὰ τὴν ἔρημον ὁ Ἰωάννης τὸ παλαιὸν ἐσιτεῖτο. Τὸ γὰρ μέλι τοῦτο οὐ μέλιτταί τινες ἄγριαι τοῖς ἄνθεσιν ἐφιζάνουσαι συλλέγουσιν, οὐδὲ δρόσον πεπαίνουσαι τοῖς σίμβλοις ἐνιᾶσιν: ἀλλ' ἡ τοῦ Πνεύματος κατασκευάζουσα χάρις, ἀντὶ κηρίων καὶ σίμβλων καὶ συρίγγων ταῖς τῶν ἁγίων ἐναποτίθεται ψυχαῖς, ὥστε εἶναι τῷ βουλομένῳ μετὰ ἀδείας ἐσθίειν διηνεκῶς. Ταύτας δὴ οὖν τὰς μελίττας καὶ αὐτοὶ μιμούμενοι, περιΐπτανται τοῖς κηρίοις τῶν ἁγίων βιβλίων, πολλὴν ἐντεῦθεν δρεπόμενοι τὴν ἡδονήν. Καὶ εἰ βούλει μαθεῖν τὴν τράπεζαν τὴν ἐκείνων, ἐγγὺς γενοῦ, καὶ ὄψει τοιαῦτα ἐρευγομένους αὐτοὺς, προσηνῆ πάντα καὶ ἡδέα, καὶ εὐωδίας γέμοντα πνευματικῆς. Οὐδὲν αἰσχρὸν ἐκεῖνα τὰ στόματα ἐξενεγκεῖν δύναται ῥῆμα, οὐδὲν εὐτράπελον, οὐδὲν τραχὺ, ἀλλὰ πάντα τῶν οὐρανῶν ἄξια. Οὐκ ἄν τις ἁμάρτοι, τὰ μὲν στόματα τῶν πολλῶν τῶν ἐν ἀγοραῖς συρομένων καὶ πρὸς τὰ βιωτικὰ λυσσώντων, βορβόρου τινὸς ὀχετοῖς παραβάλλων, τὰ δὲ τούτων, πηγαῖς μέλι ῥεούσαις καὶ νάματα προχεούσαις καθαρά. Εἰ δέ τις ἐδυσχέρανεν, ὅτι τὰ τῶν πολλῶν βορβόρου τινὸς προσεῖπον ὀχετοὺς, ἴστω ὅτι σφόδρα φειδόμενος εἶπον. Ἡ γὰρ Γραφὴ οὐδὲ τούτῳ κέχρηται τῷ μέτρῳ, ἀλλ' ἑτέρῳ πολλῷ σφοδροτέρῳ παραδείγματι. Ἰὸς γὰρ, φησὶν, ἀσπίδων ὑπὸ τὰ χείλη αὐτῶν, καὶ τάφος ἀνεῳγμένος ὁ λάρυγξ αὐτῶν. Ἀλλ' οὐ τὰ ἐκείνων τοιαῦτα, ἀλλ' εὐωδίας γέμει πολλῆς. Καὶ τὰ μὲν ἐνταῦθα τοιαῦτα: τὰ δὲ ἐκεῖ ποῖος ἡμῖν παραστήσει λόγος; ποία ἐννοήσει διάνοια; τὴν λῆξιν τὴν ἀγγελικὴν, τὴν μακαριότητα τὴν ἄφραστον, τὰ ἀπόῤῥητα ἀγαθά; Τάχα πολλοὶ διεθερμάνθητε νῦν, καὶ εἰς ἐπιθυμίαν ἐνεπέσετε τῆς καλῆς ταύτης πολιτείας: ἀλλὰ τί τὸ κέρδος, ὅταν ἐνταῦθα ὄντες μόνον τοῦτο ἔχητε τὸ πῦρ, ἐξελθόντες δὲ σβέσητε τὴν φλόγα, καὶ καταμαρανθῇ οὗτος ὁ πόθος; Πῶς οὖν, ἵνα μὴ τοῦτο γένηται; Ὡς ἔστι σοι θερμὸς οὗτος ὁ ἔρως, ἄπελθε πρὸς αὐτοὺς ἐκείνους τοὺς ἀγγέλους, ἀνάκαυσον αὐτὸν πλέον. Οὐ γὰρ οὕτως ὁ παρ' ἡμῶν λόγος δυνήσεταί σε ἀνάψαι, ὡς ἡ τῶν πραγμάτων θέα. Μὴ εἴπῃς, Διαλεχθῶ τῇ γυναικὶ, καὶ διαλύσω τὰ πράγματα πρῶτον. Ἀρχὴ ῥᾳθυμίας αὕτη ἡ ἀναβολή. Ἄκουσον ὅτι συντάξασθαι τοῖς ἐν τῇ οἰκίᾳ ἠθέλησέ τις, καὶ οὐκ εἴασεν ὁ προφήτης. Καὶ τί λέγω συντάξασθαι; Θάψαι πατέρα ἠθέλησεν ὁ μαθητὴς, καὶ οὐδὲ τοῦτο συνεχώρησεν ὁ Χριστός. Καίτοι τί σοι πρᾶγμα ἀναγκαῖον οὕτως εἶναι δοκεῖ, ὡς κηδεία πατρός; ἀλλ' οὐδὲ τοῦτο ἐπέτρεψε. Τί δήποτε; Ὅτι σφοδρὸς ἐφέστηκεν ὁ διάβολος, παρείσδυσίν τινα βουλόμενος λαβεῖν: κἂν ὀλίγης ἀσχολίας ἐπιλάβηται καὶ ἀναβολῆς, μεγάλην ἐργάζεται ῥᾳθυμίαν. Διὰ τοῦτο παραινεῖ τις, Μὴ ἀναβάλλου ἡμέραν ἐξ ἡμέρας. Οὕτω γὰρ δυνήσῃ τὰ πλείονα κατορθοῦν, οὕτω καὶ τὰ κατὰ τὴν οἰκίαν σοι καλῶς διακείσεται: Ζητεῖτε γὰρ, φησὶ, τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ Θεοῦ, καὶ ταῦτα πάντα προστεθήσεται ὑμῖν. Εἰ γὰρ ἡμεῖς τοὺς τὰ ἑαυτῶν ὑπερορῶντας, καὶ τῶν ἡμετέρων τὴν ἐπιμέλειαν προτιθέντας, ἐν πολλῇ καθιστῶμεν ἀμεριμνίᾳ: πολλῷ μᾶλλον ὁ Θεὸς, ὁ καὶ χωρὶς τούτων κηδόμενος καὶ προνοῶν. Μὴ τοίνυν φροντίσῃς τῶν σῶν, ἀλλὰ ἄφες αὐτὰ τῷ Θεῷ. Ἂν γὰρ σὺ φροντίσῃς, ὡς ἄνθρωπος φροντίζεις: ἂν δὲ ὁ Θεὸς προνοήσῃ, ὡς Θεὸς προνοεῖ. Μὴ φροντίσῃς αὐτῶν ἀφεὶς τὰ μείζω, ἐπεὶ αὐτὸς οὐ σφόδρα αὐτῶν προνοήσει. Ἵν' οὖν σφόδρα αὐτῶν προνοῇ, αὐτῷ μόνῳ πάντα ἐπίτρεψον. Ἂν γὰρ καὶ αὐτὸς αὐτὰ μεταχειρίσῃ, ἀφεὶς τὰ πνευματικὰ οὐ πολλὴν αὐτῶν αὐτὸς ποιήσεται πρόνοιαν: Ἵν' οὖν καὶ σοὶ ταῦτα εὖ διακέηται, καὶ φροντίδος ἀπαλλαγῇς ἁπάσης, ἔχου τῶν πνευματικῶν, ὑπερόρα τῶν βιωτικῶν: οὕτω γὰρ καὶ τὴν γῆν ἕξεις μετὰ τῶν οὐρανῶν, καὶ τῶν μελλόντων ἀγαθῶν ἐπιτεύξῃ, χάριτι καὶ φιλανθρωπίᾳ τοῦ Κυρίου ἡμῶν Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ᾧ ἡ δόξα καὶ τὸ κράτος εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας τῶν αἰώνων. Ἀμήν.