Chapter XXII.

We must observe a right standard between too great mildness and excessive harshness. They who endeavour to creep into the hearts of others by a false show of mildness gain nothing substantial or lasting. This the example of Absalom plainly enough shows.

112. Moreover, due measure befits even our words and instructions, that it may not seem as though there was either too great mildness or too much harshness. Many prefer to be too mild, so as to appear to be good. But it is certain that nothing feigned or false can bear the form of true virtue; nay, it cannot even last. At first it flourishes, then, as time goes on, like a floweret it fades and passes away, but what is true and sincere has a deep root.517    Cic. de Off. II. 12, § 43.

113. To prove by examples our assertion that what is feigned cannot last, but flourishing just for a time quickly fails, we will take one example of pretence and falsehood from that family, from which we have already drawn so many examples to show their growth in virtue.

114. Absalom was King David’s son, known for his beauty, of splendid appearance and in the heyday of youth; so that no other such man as he was found in Israel.518    2 Sam. [2 Kings] xiv. 25. He was without a blemish from the sole of his foot to the crown of his head. He had for himself a chariot and horses and fifty men to run before him. He rose at early dawn and stood before the gate in the way, and whoever he knew to be seeking the judgment of the king, he called to himself, saying: “From what city art thou?” And he answered: “I thy servant am of one of the tribes of Israel.” And Absalom answered: “Thy words are good and right. Is there none given thee by the king to hear thee? Who will make me a judge? And whosoever will come unto me, that hath need of judgment, I will give him justice.” With such words he cajoled them. And when they came to make obeisance to him, stretching forth his hand he took hold of them and kissed them.519    2 Sam. [2 Kings] xv. 1–6. So he turned the hearts of all to himself. For flattery of this sort quickly finds its way to touch the very depths of the heart.

115. Those spoilt and ambitious men chose what for a time seemed an honour to them, and was pleasing and enjoyable. But whilst that delay took place, which the prophet,520    Hushai is probably meant by this, who advised Absalom to delay his attack on the king. being prudent above all, thought ought to intervene, they could no longer hold out or bear it. Then David having no doubt about the victory commended his son to those who went out to fight, so that they should spare him.521    2 Sam. [2 Kings] xviii. 5. He would not engage in the battle himself lest he should seem to be taking up arms against one who was still his son, though attempting to destroy his father.

116. It is clear, then, that those things are lasting and sound, which are true and grow out of a sincere and not a false heart. Those, however, which are brought about by pretence and adulation can never last for long.

97 CAPUT XXII.

0133C

Modum inter nimiam remissionem ac severitatem esse statuendum; eos enim qui affectata remissione in aliorum animos irrepere moliuntur, solidum ac duraturum nihil consequi: quod Abessalonis exemplum satis ostendit.

112. Quin etiam verborum ipsorum et praeceptorum esse mensuram convenit; ne aut nimia remissio videatur, aut nimia severitas. Plerique enim remissiores malunt esse, ut videantur boni esse: sed nihil simulatum et fictum verae virtutis esse certum est; quin etiam diuturnum esse non solet. In principio vernat, in processu tamquam flosculus dissipatur et solvitur: quod autem verum ac sincerum, alta radice fundatur.

0133D 113. Et ut exemplis assertiones nostras probemus, quoniam quae simulata sunt, diuturna esse non possunt, sed tamquam ad tempus virentia cito decidunt, ex ea familia ex qua nobis plurima ad virtutis profectum exempla accersivimus, unum simulationis et fraudis proferamus testimonium (II Reg. XIV, 25).

114. Abessalon (II Reg. XV, 1 et seq.) erat David 0134A regis filius, decore insignis, egregius forma, praestans juventa; ita ut vir talis in Israel non reperiretur, a vestigio pedis usque ad verticem immaculatus. Is fecit sibi currus et equos, et viros quinquaginta, qui praecurrerent ante eum. Surgebat diluculo, et stabat ante portam in via: et si quem advertisset regis judicia quaerentem, accedebat ad eum, dicens: Ex qua civitate es tu? Respondebat ille: Ex una tribu sum de tribubus Israel, servus tuus. Referebat Abessalon: Verba tua bona sunt et directa, et qui te audiat non est tibi datus a rege. Quis constituet me judicem, et quisquis ad me veniet, cuicumque fuerit judicium necessarium, justificabo illum? Talibus delinibat singulos sermonibus. Et cum accederent adorare eum, extendens manus 0134B suas, apprehendebat atque osculabatur eos. Sic convertit in se corda omnium, dum blanditiae hujusmodi intimorum tangunt viscerum sensum.

115. Sed delicati isti et ambitiosi elegerunt honorabilia et grata ad tempus et jucunda: ubi parva processit dilatio, quam prudens omnium propheta paulisper cedendo interponendam putavit, non potuerunt tolerare ac sustinere. Denique (II Reg. XVIII, 5) non dubitans de victoria David, commendabat filium dimicaturis, ut ei parcerent. Ideoque nec praelio interesse maluit; ne vel referre arma, parricidae licet, videretur, sed tamen filio.

116. Liquet igitur ea esse perpetua ac solida, quae vera sunt, et quae sincere potius quam dolo congregantur: ea vero quae simulatione atque assentatione 0134C parata sunt, non posse diu perseverare.