Chapter XXIV.

We must strive for preferment only by right means. An office undertaken must be carried out wisely and with moderation. The inferior clergy should not detract from the bishop’s reputation by feigned virtues; nor again, should the bishop be jealous of a cleric, but he should be just in all things and especially in giving judgment.

119. I think, then, that one should strive to win preferment, especially in the Church, only by good actions and with a right aim; so that there may be no proud conceit, no idle carelessness, no shameful disposition of mind, no unseemly ambition. A plain simplicity of mind is enough for everything, and commends itself quite sufficiently.

120. When in office, again, it is not right to be harsh and severe, nor may one be too easy; lest on the one hand we should seem to be exercising a despotic power, and on the other to be by no means filling the office we had taken up.

121. We must strive also to win many by kindnesses and duties that we can do, and to preserve the favour already shown us. For they will with good reason forget the benefits of former times if they are now vexed at some great wrong. For it often enough happens that those one has shown favour to and allowed to rise step by step, are driven away, if one decides in some unworthy way to put another before them. But it is seemly for a priest to show such favour in his kindnesses and his decisions as to guard equity, and to show regard to the other clergy as to parents.

122. Those who once stood approved should not now become overbearing, but rather, as mindful of the grace they have received, stand firm in their humility. A priest ought not to be offended if either cleric or attendant or any ecclesiastic should win regard for himself, by showing mercy, or by fasting, or by uprightness of life, or by teaching and reading. For the grace of the Church is the praise of the teacher. It is a good thing that the work of another should be praised, if only it be done without any desire to boast. For each one should receive praise from the lips of his neighbour, and not from his own mouth, and each one should be commended by the work he has done, not merely by the wishes he had.

123. But if any one is disobedient to his bishop and wishes to exalt and upraise himself, and to overshadow his bishop’s merits by a feigned appearance of learning or humility or mercy, he is wandering from the truth in his pride; for the rule of truth is, to do nothing to advance one’s own cause whereby another loses ground, nor to use whatever good one has to the disgrace or blame of another.

124. Never protect a wicked man, nor allow the sacred things to be given over to an unworthy one; on the other hand, do not harass and press hard on a man whose fault is not clearly proved. Injustice quickly gives offence in every case, but especially in the Church, where equity ought to exist, where like treatment should be given to all, so that a powerful person may not claim the more, nor a rich man appropriate the more. For whether we be poor or rich, we are one in Christ. Let him that lives a holier life claim nothing more thereby for himself; for he ought rather to be the more humble for it.

125. In giving judgment let us have no respect of persons. Favour must be put out of sight, and the case be decided on its merits. Nothing is so great a strain on another’s good opinion or confidence, as the fact of our giving away the cause of the weaker to the more powerful in any case that comes before us. The same happens if we are hard on the poor, whilst we make excuses for the rich man when guilty. Men are ready enough to flatter those in high positions, so as not to let them think themselves injured, or to feel vexed as though overthrown. But if thou fearest to give offence then do not undertake to give judgment. If thou art a priest or some cleric do not urge it. It is allowable for thee to be silent in the matter, if it be a money affair, though it is always due to consistency to be on the side of equity. But in the cause of God, where there is danger to the whole Church, it is no small sin to act as though one saw nothing.

CAPUT XXIV.

Bonis artibus ad honores nitendum, maxime ecclesiasticos: adeptum vero munus moderate ac sapienter 0135A administrandum. Nec inferiores ordines simulatis virtutibus episcopo derogare, nec item episcopum cleri invidum esse debere: sed justum in omnibus, atque comprimis in judicando.

119. Ergo bonis actibus et sincero proposito nitendum ad honorem arbitror, et maxime ecclesiasticum; ut neque resupina arrogantia, vel remissa negligentia sit: neque turpis affectatio, et indecora ambitio. Ad omnia abundat animi directa simplicitas, satisque se ipsa commendat.

120. In ipso vero munere neque severitatem esse duram convenit, nec nimiam remissionem; ne aut potestatem exercere, aut susceptum officium nequaquam implere videamur.

121. Enitendum quoque ut beneficiis atque officiis 0135B obligemus plurimos, et collatam reservemus gratiam; ne jure beneficii fiant immemores, qui se graviter laesos dolent. Saepe enim usu venit ut quos gratia foveris, vel aliquo superiore cumulaveris gradu, avertas, si indigne aliquem eis praeponendum judices. Sed et sacerdotem beneficiis suis vel judiciis favere convenit, ut aequitatem custodiat, et presbytero vel ministro deferre, ut parenti.

122. Neque hos quia semel probati sunt, arrogantes esse oportet; sed magis tamquam memores gratiae, humilitatem tenere: neque offendi sacerdotem, si aut presbyter, aut minister, aut quisquam de clero, aut misericordia, aut jejunio, aut integritate, aut doctrina et lectione existimationem accumulet suam: Gratia enim Ecclesiae laus doctoris est. Bonum, opus 0135C 99 alicujus praedicari, ita tamen si nullo studio fiat jactantiae. Laudent enim unumquemque proximorum labia, et non os suum: et commendent opera, non studia sua.

123. Caeterum si quis non obediat episcopo, extollere atque exaltare sese desideret, obumbrare merita episcopi simulata affectatione doctrinae aut humilitatis, aut misericordiae, is a vero devius superbit; quoniam veritatis ea est regula, ut nihil facias commendandi tui causa, quo minor alius fiat: 0136A neque si quid boni habeas, id ad deformationem alterius et vituperationem exerceas.

124. Ne defendas improbum, et sancta indigno committenda arbitreris: neque iterum urgeas et impugnes, cujus crimen non deprehenderis. Nam cum in omnibus injustitia cito offendat, tum maxime in Ecclesia, ubi aequitatem esse oportet, ubi aequalitatem haberi decet; ut nihil sibi potentior plus vindicet, nihil plus usurpet ditior. Sive enim pauper, sive dives, in Christo unum sunt. Nihil sanctior plus sibi arroget; ipsum enim par est esse humiliorem.

125. Sed nec personam alterius accipiamus in judicio: gratia absit, causae merita decernant. Nihil sic opinionem, immo fidem gravat, quam si in 0136B judicando potentiori dones causam inferioris: vel pauperem innocentem arguas, divitem excuses reum culpae. Pronum quidem est genus hominum favere honoratioribus, ne laesos sese putent, ne victi doleant. Sed primum si offensam vereris, non recipias judicium: si sacerdos es, aut si quisquam alius, non lacessas. Licet tibi silere in negotio duntaxat pecuniario; quamquam sit constantiae adesse aequitati. In causa autem Dei, ubi communionis periculum est, etiam dissimulare peccatum est non leve.